初中英语语法——句型转换之同义句

1、初中英语语法句型转换之同义句（注意：修改顺序）同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式。所谓同义句转换，是指用不同的词汇、 短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。 它是中考命题的一大热点。 现将常见的同义句转换形式 作一归纳，以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助。一、用同义词 （组）或近义词 （组）改写。1. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.The children are beautiful clothes.2. Every day, Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of basketball f

2、ans.Every day,Yao Ming thousands of basketball fans.3. Mr. Smith is working.Mr. Smith is .答案： 1. in 2. hears from 3. at work简析：英语中有不少同义、近义词 （组） ，在平时学习中要注意总结归纳。如：enjoyoneself/have a good time, look after/take care of,difficult/hard, can/be able to,over/more than,receive（get）a letter from/hear from等等。

3、二、用反义词 （组） 改写。4. Chinese is more popular than Japanese.Japanese is popular Chinese.5. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race.The runner the others in the race.6. A computer is more useful than a VCD.A VCD is not useful a computer.as答案： 4. less, than 5. fell behind 6. asbig-smal

4、l, long-short, more than-less than等。三、用同义句型改写。7. Ann spent two weeks getting ready for the exams.It Ann two weeks to ready for the exams.8. She spent 30 dollars on the English-Chinese dictionary.The English-Chinese dictionary 30 dollars.答案： 7. took, get 8. cost her简析：此类转换必须弄清每个句型的构成特点， 而且还要注意句中每个句型的

5、固定搭配。 如： give sb. sth. 与 give sth. to sb. 的转换， spend some time(in)doing sth. on sth. 与 It takes sb.some time to do sth.的转换等等。四、二句并一句转换为简单句。9. Jim doesn't like noodles， and Jack doesn't,either.JimJack likes noodles.10. Mrs. Smith is my teacher. She is also my good friend.Mrs. Smith is my teac

6、hermy good friend.答案： 9. Neither,nor 10.not only,but also简析：英语中常用 not only.but also ， either.or,neither.nor,both.and等连词把两个意义相关的简单句合并成一个简单句。 解题过程中要注意连词的选用和主谓一 致原则。除此之外，还可用 too. to,enough to 等把两个简单句合并成另一简单句。如：Tom is young. He can't go to school.Tom is too young to go to school.五、用派生词或多义词改写。11. The

7、 snow was heavy last night.It last night.答案： snowed heavily简析：句中名词 snow 和形容词 heavy 转换成了动词 snowed 和副词 heavily 。六、并列句与复合句的互换。12. If you play basketball here， you may break the windows.play basketball here,you may break the windows.13. Go on planting trees for two more years and the hill will be covere

8、d with green trees.If we go on planting trees， the hill will in two答案： 12. Don't,or 13. turn green,years' time简析：含有祈使句的并列句，可转换为含 if 条件句的复合句。七、简单句与复合句的互换。14. Do you know how you can get the kite down from the tree?Do you know get the kite down from the tree?答案 : how to简析：复合句转换为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短

9、语或词组，使其句意简单明了。 常见的转换方法有： (1) 用不定式替换、用介词短语替换、用名词短语替换、用分词短语替 换；(2) 将宾语从句简化为 "疑问词不定式 "；(3) 将 so. that. (such. that. ) 引导的状语从句简化为含有 too. to. (或 enough to) 的简单句； (4) 将 if 引导的状语从句简化为 " 祈使句， and(or) 句子 " 。八、综合转换。15. Something is wrong with that machine.That machine .答案： doesn't work

10、简析： 综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上， 对原句重新进行概括表达，它在词汇、结 构等多方面都有较大的变化。至于一些特殊形式的变化， 同学们在解题过程中要不断归纳总结， 彻底掌握它们。 下面 就请你做几道练习题一试身手吧！1. Bike is short for bicycle.Bike is saying bicycle.2. It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night.Mary an hour her homework last night.3. They made him work 12 hours a day.He 12 hou

11、rs a day.4. I am a League member. He is a League member,too. he I League members.5. He is so young that he can't join the army.He is young the army.6. The player smiled and jumped into the river.The player jumped into the river .7. Mr. Brown left London six years ago.Mr. Brown London for six yea

12、rs.8. The earth is bigger than the moon.The moon Is the earth.9. He is one of my friends.He is a friend .10. The teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate.The teacher told us at the school gate.11. I have something to tell you. It's interesting.I have to tell you.I saw them play

13、ing basketball there.I saw they basketball there.12. Listen carefully,and you'll become more interested. listen carefully, you'll become more interested.13. She has been a nurse for five years.It she became a nurse.14. All are here, but our English teacher isn't.is here our English teach

14、er.15. It was so interesting a film that all of us saw it twice.It was interesting that all of us saw it twice.16. Mother was busy with some housework when I got home.Mother was some house-work when I got home.参考答案：1. another way of 2.spent;on/doing 3. was made to work 4. Both;and;are 5. too;to join 6. with a s