机械工程专业英语单词

1、Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics机械学的基本概念Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in PlasticityTheory塑性理论的基本假设mechanicsn.力学modifyv.修改，调解，变更assumptionn.假定manageablea.可控制【管理】的plasticityn.塑性inclineV.（使）倾斜investigate v.调查，研究rampn.斜板，斜坡【道】deformation n.变形slopeV.（使）倾斜metal forming process金属成型工艺【过程】frictionn.摩擦strain

2、（rate） n.应变【速率】rollV.滚动strength n.强度multipliern.放大器，乘法器stress n.应力broomn.扫帚yield stress 屈服应力convertV.转变【化】flow stress 流动应力handlen.手柄【把】tensile stress拉【伸】应力sweepV.扫荡【描工掠过compressive stress 压【缩】 应力efficiencyn.效率shear stress剪【切】应力gaugevt.测【计】量，校验geometry n.几何形状bearingn.轴承elastic a.弹性的ideal mechanical a

3、dvantage 理想的机械效springback n.回弹益bending n.弯曲，折弯neglectVt .忽略precision forming 精密成型-1-/18tolerance n.公差continuum n.连续（体）metallurgical a.冶金（学）的grain n.晶粒dislocation n.位错（uni-, tri-, multi-） axial a.（单，三，多）轴（向）的anisotropy n.各向异性cylindrical a.圆柱体的cross-section n.横截面platen n.（工作）台板，模板coincide with 一致，相符va

4、lidity n.正确有效，合法with ease轻（而）易（举）的，很容易的Lesson 3 Optimization for Finite ElementApplications有限元优化的应用optimization n.优化，优选（法）finite element 有限兀iterative a.反复的，迭代的alternative n. a.交替（的），可供选择的manual a.手动的，人工的trial-and-error 试凑法bias vt, n.（使）偏向【重、差】a desktop platform （计算机）桌面平台constrain （t） v, n.强制,约束respo

5、nse n.反【响】应，灵敏度parameter n.参数parametric a.参数的preprocess vt.预（先）加工，预处理mesh n, v.网格，啮合capability n.能力，性能，容量loop n.环，回路,循环pose v.提出model n.模型，样品displacement n.位移,排量，替换buckling n.弯【翘】曲，挠度factor n.因素gradient n.坡【梯】度，斜率flur n.【电，磁，热，光】通量，流量multidisciplinary a.多学科的 deflection n.偏移【转，离】,挠曲Lesson 4 Metals 金属

6、toughness n.韧性corrosion n.腐蚀dump v.倾倒，堆放recyle v.反复【循环】利用copper n.铜aluminum n.铝bronze n.青铜（器）alloy n.合金wear v.磨损metallic a.（含）金属（制）的specification n.操作规程，技术要求，说明书extract vt.提炼，萃取iron n.铁carbon n.碳ferrous a.（含）铁的ferrous metals 黑色金属lead n.铅zinc n.锌tin n.锡ore n.彳/（石）mineral n, a.矿物（的）impurity n.杂质，不纯Les

7、son 5 Metallic and NonmetallieMaterials金属和非金属材料magnesium n.镁nickel n.银brass n.黄铜luster n.光泽ductility n.延展性，可锻性it is likely that 很可能it is certain to （inf.）必然，一定density n.密度be distinguished from 及区分coefficient n.系数in connection with关于,及相关【结合】category n.种类hardness n.硬吱elasticity n.弹性beam n.横梁，一束（光）pene

8、tration n.贯穿，渗透abrasion n.磨损【耗】roll n, v.轧辐，滚，轧mill n.轧钢机，铳床spring n.弹簧permanent a.永久的rupture n.破【开】裂-26 - / 18stamp n.冲压subsequently adv.随后hammer n.（锻）锤Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials 塑料和其他材料inorganic acid 无机酸sulphuric acid 硫酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸solvent n.溶剂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳rigid a, n

9、.坚硬的，刚性（的），刚度mould （mold） n.模子，塑模，铸模decoration n.装饰fabricate vt.制造【备工 生产injection molding 注射模塑（法）blow molding 吹塑（法）compression molding 压塑（法），模压（法）extrusion n.挤压vacuum forming真空模塑（法）powder metallurgy 粉末冶金constituent n, a.组成【的，部分】，组元simultaneously adv.同时coherent a.互相凝聚的，协调一致的fusion n.熔化，熔接crystalline

10、n, a.结晶【的工晶体【的】restriction n.限制【定工节流blend n, v.混合【物工融合press n, v.压力机，压制homogeneous a.均匀的sinter n, vt.烧结【物】Lesson 7 Die Life and Die Failure 模具的寿命和失效die n.模具，锻【冲】模，凹模die life模具寿命die failure模具损坏deterioration n.变坏，退化,损耗surface finish表面光洁度breakdown n.破坏，击穿lubrication n.润滑cracking n.裂纹breakage n.断裂mode n

11、.方式，状态，模式thermal fatigue 热疲劳layer n.层abrasive n, a.（研）磨料（的），磨损（的）impression n.模膛,型腔（槽）heat checking热裂纹，龟裂steep n, a.陡（坡）的，急剧的reversal n.颠倒，相反overload n, v.（使）过【超】载initiation n.开【初】始，发【产】生discrete a.不连续的，单个的variable n.变量cavity n.模膛，型槽stock n.坯料，原材料impact n, v.冲击，碰撞Lesson 8 Cold Working and Hot Workin

12、g 冷加工和热加工cold hot working 冷热加工forging n.锻造，锻件classification n.分类recrystallization n.再结晶take place 发生strain .deformation hardening 应变【变形】硬化be referred to as叫做，称为，被认为是warm working温加工，温锻ultimate a, n.最终的，首要的,极限stress relieving消除应力处理austenitic a.奥氏体的stainless steel 不锈钢annealing n.退火grain size晶粒度solid so

13、lution 固溶体refinement n.精炼【制工 细化hazard n.危险，未知数，意外事件inherent a.固有的，先天的，本质的sensitive a.灵敏的，敏感的abnormal a.非正常的critical strain 临界应变Lesson 9 Casting 铸造casting n.铸造【件】die-casting n.模铸【件】foundry n.铸造【车间】pour v.浇注suitability n.适应性pig iron 生铁cupola n.冲天炉，化铁炉erosion n.腐蚀，（侵、烧）蚀ladle n.铁水包graphite n.石墨solidify

14、 v.（使）凝固disjoin v.拆散，分开ingot n.（钢）锭destructive a.破坏（性）的，有害的retard vt, n.（使）延缓，推迟solvent n, a.溶剂（的）copper-base alloy 铜基合金Lesson 10 Metal Forming Processes inManufacturing制造中的金属成形工艺machine-building 机械制造plastic working 塑性加工billet n坯料，锻坯blank n.坯料，（冲压）板坯configuration n.夕卜形，配置,排布stroke n.行程，冲程amortize v.

15、阻尼，缓冲，分期偿还reliability n.可靠性，安全性drawing n.（锻坯）拔长，【线，管材】拉拔deep drawing 深冲（压）brake forming【压】折弯（机）成型stretch forming 张拉成型military n, a.军队【事,人】（的）consumer goods 消费品integrity n.完整性,完全（善）jet engine喷气发动机turbine n.涡【汽】轮（机），透平（机）regarding考虑到，关于Lesson 11 Forging 锻造armor n.专岂甲immortalize vt.（使）不朽（灭）blacksmith n

16、. 锻工mechanical press机械压力机hydranlic press 液压机anvil n.（锤）砧，砧座craftsman n.技工handling n.处理，装卸，搬运flexibility n.柔（韧）性，灵活性drawn out 拔长upset n.锁粗，顶锻closed impression die 闭式模锻rapid-impact blow快速冲击，猛打vertical a.立式的ram n.锤头，滑块，活动横梁block n.（模）块draft n.模锻斜度symmetrical a.轴对称的sizing n.整形，校正，定径drop forging落锻，锤模锻imp

17、ression die forging 模锻final forging 终锻overheat n.过热furnace n.【熔，高】炉pyrometer n.高温计Lesson 12 Benefits and PrinciplesForging锻造的优点和工作原理metalworking n.金属压力加工knead v.揉搓【制】refine v.精炼【制工细化porosity n.多孔性，疏松orient v.（使）定【取】向flow line 流线stress field 应力场manual skill手工技巧at one, s command自由使用，支配soundness n.致密性,

18、坚固性，无缺陷attainable a.可达【得】到的open die forging 自由锻gross n.总共，重大confine vt.限制，约束convert v.转变【换工更换broken up破【断】裂，分散microshrinkage n.显微缩孑Lelimination n.消除,淘汰align v.调整，对中，校直of Lesson 13 Welding 焊接weld（ing） v, n.焊接，熔焊pressurewelding 压力焊spotwelding 点焊buttwelding 对头（缝）焊fusionwelding 熔焊，熔接fiux-shielded arc we

19、lding 熔剂保护电弧焊diversity n.不同多样性fasten（ing） v, n.连接（件），紧固（件）shielding n.遮护，屏蔽solder （ing） v, n.软钎焊,（低温）焊料bismuth n.钝cadmium n.镉rivet n, v.钾钉，钾接braze n, vt.硬钎焊，铜焊oxidation n.氧化flux n.焊接，助溶剂squeeze v.挤压oxy-acetylene n, a.氧（乙）烘（的）torch n.焊炬electrode n.电（焊）极，焊条filler n.填充（剂）overlap v.搭接，重叠strike v.攻【打】击，放

20、电Lesson 14 Heat Treatment 热处理heat treatment 热处理microstructure n.显微组织prescribe v.规定，指示microscopic a.显微的，微观的spheroidizing n.球化（处理）normalizing n.正火,（正）常化annealing n.退火hardening n.淬火tempering n.回火soaking （=holding） n.均热，保温retarding media 延缓介质prolonged a.长时间的，持续很久的critical temperature 临界温度globular a.球形（状

21、）的carbide n.碳化物，硬质合金quenching n.淬火，骤冷removal n.除去,放出Lesson 15 Introduction to Mechanism 机构介绍mechanism n.机械，机构，机构学kinematic a. =kinematical 运动的，运动学的low-carbon steel 低碳钢kinematic chain 运动链link n.构件，杆件.v.连接【结】definite a.确定的constrained a.约束的，限定的unconstrained a.无约束的linkage n.连杆（组，机构）joint n.结【接】台，较链.a.连接

22、的，联合的Pin n.销【钉】，较销revolution v.旋转，转动.n.回转体prismatic a.棱柱（形）的nonlinear a.非线性的four-bar linkage 四杆机构kinematic chain 运动链prime mover原动者【机】，驱动件coupler n.连接件，连杆pivot n.枢（轴），轴销，回转副，旋转中心configuration n.外形，构造，结构inversion n.转换，更换slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构multiloop n.多环链，a.多回路的sketch n.草【简，示意】图，v.画草图，草拟skele

23、ton diagram草图，示意图，简图envision v.想象binary a.二【双，复】的，二元的ternary a.三兀的ternary links 三杆组quaternary a.四兀的quaternary links 四杆组cam凸轮cam follower n.凸轮从动件gear n.齿轮sprocket n.链轮belt n.【皮，布，钢】带pulley n.带轮spherical a.球的，球面的helical a.螺旋的three-dimensional三维的，空间的intuitively adv.直觉【观】地synthesis n.合成（法），综合 kinematici

24、an n.运动学研究者（家） innate a.先天的，固有的Lesson 16 Movement Analysis 运动分析criterion （pl. criteria） n.（判断）标准, 判据，准则branch n, v.分（部，支）transmission angle 传动角rock n.摆动，v.摇动oscillate v.摆动，摇动parallelogram n.平行四边形antiparallelogram n.反平行四边形frame n.机架，构架impart v.给予，分给to impart M to N 把 M 给 Ntorque n.力矩，扭矩dynamic a.二dyn

25、amical动力的，动力学的inertia n.惯性（物），惯量static a. =statical静力【学】的，静的index n.指数，指标friction n.摩擦thumb n.拇指，v.用拇指翻rule of thumb根据经验和实际所得的做法matrix n.矩阵determinant n.彳了歹lj式derivative n.导数derivative of M with respect to N M 对于N的导数 movability n.可动性，易动性parameter n.参数discount v.打折扣，忽视absolute a.绝对的graphical a.图形的，图解

26、的polygon n.多边形theorem n.定理stress n.应力bearing n.轴承centripetal a.向心的Lesson 17 Kinematic Synthesis 运动的综合packaging machinery 包装机械lubrication n.润滑specification n.技术要求actuation n. 3区动jerk n.震动，冲击axis n. (pl. axes)轴【线，心】,中心线contour n.外形，轮廓线eccentricity n.偏心【度，率】gear ration齿轮【速，齿数】比topologically adv.拓扑学地cus

27、tomary a.通常的，习惯的correlate v.使相关,使发生关系analog n. =analogue 类似（物），模拟linear analog线性模拟second acceleration 二阶力口速度higher acceleration 高阶加速度paraphrase v.释义，意译describe v.叙述，描述，作运动category n.种类，类别deliberation n.慎重考虑province n.省，领域preconceive v.预想，事先想好analog computer 模拟计算机trace v.追踪，描回timing n.定时，计时，配时pitch v

28、.投掷trajectory n.轨迹embed v.嵌入，夹在层间orientation n.（定）方位，（取）方向 scoop n.勺子，铲斗，v.挖，掘，铲Lesson 18 Cams and Gears 凸轮和齿轮cam n.凸轮gear n.齿轮curve n.曲线a.弯曲的groove n.槽，沟mate v.配合，啮合cylindrical a.圆柱的two-dimensional or planer 两维的或平面的 three-dimensional or spatial 三维的或空 间的normal n.法线a.垂直的complement n, a.余角，余的collinear

29、 a.共线的lateral a.横向的,侧向的stem n. 5+guide n.导向件【器,装置】，导槽（座）intermittent a.间断的，不连续的dwell n, v.停止，小停顿inertial a.惯性的，惯量的engage v.啮合rack n.齿条noncircular a.非圆的conjugate a.共飘的，n.共辗值（线）cycloidal a.摆线的involved a.渐开线的，n.渐开线tolerance n.间隙，公差spur gear直齿圆柱轮radial a.径向的,沿半径的backlash n.间隙，齿隙disk cam盘形凸轮offset n, vt.

30、偏移，偏心a.偏心的Lesson 19 Screws, fasteners and jointstangent n.切线a.相切的，切线的螺纹件、紧固件和联接件concentric a.同圆（的），同心（的）screw n.螺钉，螺丝，v.旋紧，攻丝camshaft n.凸轮轴fastener n.紧固件pitch curve 节线joint n.连【联】接，接合herringbone a.人字形的bolt n.螺栓intersect v.横穿，相交nut n.螺母parallel helical gear 斜齿轮,cap screw有头螺钉平行轴螺旋齿轮setscrew n.定位【固定，调整

31、】螺钉crossed helical gear交错轴螺旋齿轮rivet n.钾钉，v.用钾钉钾接face gear端面齿轮key n.键spiral bevel gear螺旋齿圆锥齿轮weld n,v.焊接，熔焊worm n.蜗杆braze n, v.钎焊，铜焊skew bevel斜齿圆锥齿轮clip n.夹子，v.夹住，夹紧hypo id gear准双曲面（宜角交错轴双曲面）synonymous a.同意义的齿轮monotonous a.单调的addendum (pl. addenda) n.齿顶，齿顶高taint n.污点，污染v.弄脏project v.伸出，突出tough a.坚韧的c

32、learance n.间隙ductile a.可延伸的，有延展性的，韧性的dedendum (pl. dedenda) n.齿根，齿根高tighten v.上紧,拉紧tooth space 齿间距preload n.预载荷twist v.扭转jumbo n.大型喷气式客机titanium n.钛close-tolerance高精密度的tooling n.工具，刀具v.用刀具（切削）加工proliferate v.增殖，增殖assembly n.安装，装配,组件tap n.丝锥，v.攻螺丝stud n.双头螺栓resemble v.类似，像thread n.螺纹（线），v.车螺纹drill n,

33、 v.钻孔hexagon head 六角头fillister n.凹槽flat head 平头hexagon socket head 六角沉头disassemble v.拆开tensile a.拉【张】力的，受拉的shear n.剪切【力】v.剪切【断】harden v.使硬【化】washer n.垫圈fatigue n.疲劳micrometer n. T分尺，分表elongation n.拉【伸】长modulus n. （pl. moduli）模数，模量wrench n.扳手dial n.刻度盘fractional a.分数的，小数的Lesson 21 Helical, Worm and B

34、evel Gears斜齿轮、蜗杆蜗轮和锥齿轮helical gear 斜齿轮worm n.蜗杆，螺杆bevel gear圆锥齿轮helix n, a. （pl. helices 或 helixes）螺旋线，螺旋线的right hand右手，右旋的helicoid n. a.螺旋【面，体】，螺旋（状，纹）的wrap v.缠绕unwind v.解开，展开generate v.产生，展成（加工）engagement n.啮合，接触diagonal n, a.对角线（的）automobile differential 汽车差速器Pitch-line velocity 节线速度objectionable

35、 a.该反对的,不能采用的spiral n, a.螺旋线（的），卷线（的）spiral gear螺旋齿轮mesh n.啮合worm gear 蜗轮pinion n.小齿轮pitch cylinder 节圆柱concave a.中凹的curvature a.曲率screw-like像螺丝（杆）的thread n.线状物，螺纹线envelop v.包围，封闭enclose v.包围lead angle 导角cast v.铸造mill v.铳削outboard a, ad.外侧的,向外pronounced a.明确的，显著的stress n.应力tapered a.锥形的positively ad.

36、确定地,强制（传动）地gearing n.齿轮传动（装置）offset n.偏置，横距hypoid a.准双曲面的hyperboloid n.双曲面，双曲面体Lesson 22 Shafts, Clutches and Brakes 轴、离合器和制动器shaft n.轴clutch n.离合器brake n.制动器pulley n.（皮，胶）带轮flywheel n.匕轮sprocket n.链轮，星轮bending moment 弯曲力矩torsional a.扭转的static a.静（力，态）的axle n.心轴，轮轴spindle n.心轴，主轴deflection n.偏移，弯曲fi

37、llet n.圆角，倒角peening n.喷射（加工硬化法）shot peening喷丸硬化stiff a.刚性的inertia n.惯性，惯量slippage n.滑动actuation n.驱动，开动coefficient n.系数statics n.静力学rim n.边缘，轮缘shoe n.闸瓦，制动片【块】band n.带，条cone n.圆锥miscellaneous a.（混）合的，杂项的assume v.假设，承担statical a. =static,静态的equilibrium n.平衡reaction n.反应，反力overload-release clutch 超载释放

38、（保护）离合器magnetic fluid clutch 磁液离合器shift v.变换,（使）移动lever n.杆，（手）柄jaw n.颗板，夹爪circumferential Iyad v.周围地，圆周地mate v.配合，啮合，联接synchronous a.同步的linear drive线性驱动装置clicking n.'卡塔声freewheel v.空转coupling n.联轴器sleeve n.套筒flat n.平面（部分）a.平的periphery n.圆周，周边wedge n.楔（形物）v.楔入pawl n.棘爪powder n.粉末mixture n.混合物ele

39、ctromagnetic a.电磁的coil n.线圈excitation n.刺激，激励shearing a.剪切的ratchet n.棘轮lockup n.锁住Lesson 41 Definition of Robotics and theRobot Systemmanipulator n.操作潜，控制器，机械手peripheral a.周围的，外围的idiot n.白痴integrate v.使成为一体，使结合起来hard automation刚性自动化a host of 许多Lesson 42 Basics of Computers(I)execute v.扶L行binary a.二进制的read only memory (ROM)只读存储器random access memory (RAM)读写存储器,随机存储潜erasable a.可擦去的volatile a.可丢失的Lesson 43 Basics of Computers(Z2)harsh a.恶劣的robust a.稳定的configuration n.结构，组态Morse Code莫尔斯电码suffice v.足够interference n. 干另亡fluctuation n.脉动,波动e