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1、unit 11Section One Tactics for ListeningPart I PhoneticsA: Hello, how (1) can I help you?B: Good morning. I seem to (2) have hurt my twist.A: Yes? How (3) did you do
2、;that?B: Well, Im not actually sure. I think I did go to a party last night and um I (4)sort of fell up the steps, you see and I may (5)have done
3、 it then.A: You fell off it, you think?B: Well, I think so. I do remember (6)falling over.A: OK, let me (7)have a look at it, could I? Yes, it is
4、;rather swollen. Does this hurt?B: Yes, it does actually, yes.A: Yes, right, well, my (8)advice is that you should go to the hospital and (9)get it X-rayed. I t
5、hink it could be broken.Part II Listening and Note-TakingWell, in January it can be very cold with snow everywhere! But high in the mountains the sky is usually
6、;blue, and its warm enough to have lunch outside. You should bring warm clothes and some strong waterproof shoes.Most people go skiing every weekend, and if theres n
7、o snow you can still go walking in the mountains. A lot of the towns are very pretty. They look exactly the same today as they did four hundred years
8、ago!You must try fondue, which is cheese melted in a pot, and you put pieces of bread on a long fork to get it outmm! Its very, very good.If the weath
9、ers good, you can go for a boat trip on the lake. Then you can really see how beautiful the mountains are!Exercise:Location: a mountainous areaClimate: cold in winte
10、rTourist attractions: skiing, walking in the mountains, pretty towns of four hundred years old, a boat trip in the lakeFood: fondueThings needed for travelling there: warm
11、0;clothes, strong waterproof shoesSection Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 JobA journalist is interviewing Mr. Williams about his job.Journalist: Whats your job, Mr.
12、0;Williams?Mr. Williams: Im a writer.Journalist: Thats interesting. What sort of thing do you write?Mr. Williams: Well, um, articles for newspapers and magazines, er film reviews,&
13、#160;you know, um, and occasionally some fictions, poems, and short stories.Journalist: Do you find it a very demanding job?Mr. Williams: (Sigh) Well, yes and no. Its ver
14、y nice to work at home, of course, and, and have the choice of when to work. But I long hours at home, usually ten hours or more a day, and its
15、160;very lonely sometimes, sitting in front of a typewriter. Journalist: What are you working on at the moment?Mr. Williams: Well, actually Im doing something very different
16、160;from my usual work. Im writing a biography of Leonard Benson, the jazz musician.Journalist: So I suppose youre spending a lot of time together.Mr. Williams: (Laugh) W
17、ell, no, in fact. He lives in the States. Im doing a lot of research, naturally. Hes visiting this country at the moment, and I have an appointment with hi
18、m, but we havent met very often.Journalist: Well, thank you, Mr. Williams. That was very interesting and good luck with the book.Mr. Williams: Not at all.Exercise A:1. Wh
19、at is Mr. Williamss job? He is a writer.2. What does he usually write? He usually writes articles for newspapers and magazines.3. What is he writing now? He is writi
20、ng a biography of a jazz musician.Exercise B:1. F Mr. Williams works for a newspaper. (He works at home.)2. _F_ He often writes some fictions, poems and
21、 short stories too. (He occasionally writes some fictions, poems and short stories.)3. _T_ He is interested in films. (Yes. Because he writes film reviews for the ne
22、wspapers and magazines.)4. _T_ He works hard. (Yes, its a demanding job. Sometimes he works long hours.)5. _T_ He gets to know the jazz musician by reading articles.
23、 (He has done a lot of research work to write the biography. Possibly he has read many articles about him.)Dialogue 2 Womens Work?Interviewer: Careers officers around
24、0;the country are reporting that more women are applying for jobs which have traditionally been held by men. This morning I am speaking to Jane Richards, a schools
25、160;careers officer based in London. Good morning, Jane.Jane: Good morning.Interviewer: Jane, are you finding that womens career choices are changing?Jane: Yes, I am.Interviewer: And
26、60;why do you think thats happening?Jane: Well, there are many reasons. A very important one is the media, radio and television. Girls see a popular young actress pl
27、aying a car mechanic, for example, and this makes them think well, why not? Why couldnt I become a car mechanic, or a plumber, or an electrician? Erm, ano
28、ther reason is that careers officers, like myself are trying very hard to make both sexes aware of all the job options, including the non-traditional ones.Interviewer: An
29、d what do you mean by non-traditional?Jane: Well, non-traditional job choices for women, for example, would be things like plumbing and car mechanics. For men, housekeeping
30、60;would be quite a non-traditional career choice.Interviewer: Yes, I see. But er, isnt it true that most girls still choose stereotyped jobs? For example, a survey of
31、60;Scottish school-leavers showed that 75% of girls still choose traditional womens jobs like nursing, clerical work or working in shops.Jane: Yes, thats true, and of course
32、160;Im not saying that things are changing overnight. But athey are changing.Interviewer: Why is it so important, do you think, that people change their attitudes?Jane: Becaus
33、e, at the moment, there are fewer and fewer children leaving school in Britain. This means that were going to need women more and more in the work force. B
34、ut women are not going to be qualified unless attitudes both mens and womens change dramatically. At the moment, the change isnt big or fast enough, and
35、in some cases Britain is seriously lagging behind other countriesExercise A: Jobs traditionally held by menJobs traditionally held by womenA car mechanicClerical workAn electricianHous
36、ekeepingA plumberNursingWorking in shopsExercise B:1. _T_ The media has played an important role in womens career choices. (A very important one is the media, radio and t
37、elevision.)2. _F_ Careers officers have persuaded most girls to choose non-traditional jobs. (Most firls still choose stereotyped jobs.)3. _T_ Probably there has been a sharp
38、drop in birth rate in the past two decades. (Yes. Because, at the moment, there are fewer and fewer children leaving school in Britain.)4. F More
39、 women are needed to do jobs traditionally done by men probably because the new jobs are more suitable for men. (More women are needed to do jobs traditionally&
40、#160;done by men probably because there is a shortage of workforce on the whole.)5. T It seems that the British women and men are more conservative
41、0;than the women and men in other countries. (Because at the moment, the change isnt big or fast enough, and in some cases Britain is seriously lagging behind o
42、ther countries.)Part 2 PassagesPassage Cycling accidentsCycling accidents often happen because children are allowed out on the roads before theyre really ready. After all, i
43、t takes time to learn to ride a bike safely, and riding safely means much more than just staying on. For example, a child must be able to turn and
44、60;look behind, and do hand signals without wobbling. And at the same time as handling the bike safely, the child must be able to cope with the roads and&
45、#160;traffic.How to prevent accidents? Make sure that your childs bike has the right size of frame and that the saddle and handlebars are correctly adjusted. When&
46、#160;sitting on the saddle, a childs feet should comfortably touch the ground and hands must be able to work the brake levers. Make sure children can ride safe
47、ly and can cope with roads and traffic before you let them out along. As a general rule, children under nine years old should never be allowed out or
48、;the roads on a bike alone. An adult should always be with them.Encourage your child to go in for a Cycling Proficiency Test. You can get details of
49、;courses from your Road Safety Officer at your local authority. Look in your telephone directory for the local authority number. But remember that these courses ar
50、e often fun in school playgrounds, so its important to make sure that whats learnt is then put into practice on the roads. Make sure that your child under
51、stands road signs.Explain, for example, that “crossroads” does not mean “cross the road”. Words like “one-way street” and “traffic island” can also be difficult for chil
52、dren to understand. Make sure that your child wears reflective clothing when out on a bike, especially in the dark or in bad weather. For night-time riding,
53、160;lights must be working and reflectors must be clean.Bicycle maintenance can be life-saving. Its up to parents to check their childrens bikes regularly and get repair
54、s done properly. Teach your child, too, to check brakes and lights regularly.15: B, D, A, B, A 68: D, C, CPart 3 NewsNews item 1People have begun voting in a
55、160;special election to decide whether Australia should and its constitutional ties with Britain and become a republic. Recent studies of public opinion show that most Austral
56、ians want to end the constitutional ties, but they may vote against the change. Opponents of the Republic plan say too many questions about the proposed system remai
57、ned. Australia gained independence from Britain 98 years ago. However, Australia still recognizes Queen Elisabeth as its head of state.Exercise A: The news is about a vot
58、e in a special election to decide Australias future.Exercise B:1. F2. F3. TNews item 2The British government says it is worried about one of its citizens who is in jail in Burma. Burmese officials have not permitted British embass
59、y officials to visit James Masley. Mr Masley was arrested last week for entering Burma illegally with anti-government publications. He was sentenced to 17 years in prison. A British Foreign Office spokesman told the writers news agency that a British woman has also been arrested in Burma. News repor
60、ts from Rangoon said Richard Gorman was arrested for making pro-democracy statements.Exercise A:This news item is about 2 British citizens who are in jail in Burma.Exercise B: Man WomanName James Masley Richard Gormanentering Burma illegally with anti-government publicationsReason of arrestmaking pr
61、o-democracy statements Sentence 17 years in prison / News item 3Officials now say more than 7,500 people have been killed in a severe ocean storm that moved across the eastern state of&
62、#160;Orissa two weeks ago. Officials say more bodies are being recovered as flooding eases in the area. And they say the number of dead is expected to rise. Eme
63、rgency officials have cleared roads to all villages blocked by the flooding. They also began efforts to make drinking water safe. Aid workers are giving people in vi
64、llages food and medicine in exchange for help in burning human and animal remains.Exercise A:Officials say more than 7,500 people have been killed in a severe ocean
65、storm.Exercise B:Officials say more bodies are being recovered as flooding eases in the area. And they say the number of dead is expected to rise. Emergency officials
66、0;have cleared roads to all villages blocked by the flooding. They also began efforts to make drinking water safe. Aid workers are giving people in villages food and
67、 medicine in exchange for help in burning human and animal remains.Section Three Oral Work Part 1 Questions and AnswersSam and Joe, the shipwrecked sailors, have been
68、0;on their desert island for many months. Joe is sitting near the bonfire they have built for a distress signal in case a ship should pass. Suddenly, Sam comes&
69、#160;running. Sam: Joe. Joe. Light the bonfire. A ship.Joe: At last. Where is it?Sam: To the east of the island. Sailing westward, but right on the horizon. Hurry,
70、160;or itll have gone before weve even lit the fire. Joe: There you are. Now its burning. As soon as its burning properly well throw these wet leaves on to
71、 it. Thatll make plenty of smoke to signal with. Sam: What do you think theyll do when they see the signals?Joe: Theyll turn around, of course.Sam: Lets throw
72、160;the leaves on now. Joe: Right. Thats splendid. (Coughing) Theres certainly plenty of smoke. Ill start signaling.Sam: They arent altering course at all.Joe: Too soon. Once&
73、#160;they realize were signaling, theyll alter course all right.Sam: How long will you go on signaling?Joe: Until they answer.(Ships siren)Joe: There. Theyve seen us.Sam: Yes,
74、;they are beginning to alter course.Joe: Theyre coming. Were saved.Sam: Joe.Joe: Whats the matter?Sam: Now it comes to the point, I dont think I want to be rescued.J
75、oe: Dont be ridiculous! Think of your wife.Sam: I am doing. The minute I get home, shell start complaining again. Joe: Youre too soft with her, Sam. When you
76、60;get back, you mustnt let her have so much of her own way.Sam: Its easy to talk. We must be mad, wanting to be rescued. Plenty of people pay a fortu
77、ne for holidays like this. Sunshine all the timeJoe: Well, you know what?Sam: What?Joe: After weve made our fortunes, well come back with our wives and children and&
78、#160;have a real family holiday.Key to Exercises:1. Itll have gone before theyve even lit the fire.2. Theyll throw wet leaves on to the fire as soon as its burn
79、ing properly.3. Theyll turn around when they see the signals.4. Theyll alter course once they realize Sam and Joe are signaling.5. Hell go on signaling until they an
80、swer. 6. Shell start complaining again the minute he gets home.7. He mustnt let her have so much of her own way.8. Theyll come back for a holiday after the
81、yve made their fortunes .Part 2 RetellingBill and Simone Butler, a couple from New York, spent six days in a life-raft in the seas of Central America after thei
82、r yacht sank. Three weeks after they left Panama, they met some sharks, which hit the side of the boat until it sank. Bill and Simon had two life-rafts, so
83、 they jumped into the bigger one. For twenty days they had tins of food, fruit, and bottles of water. They caught fish every day and cooked it in different
84、 ways. Then they lost the line, but Bill managed to catch fish in cup.One or two ships passed them, but no one stopped. Then suddenly a fishing boat saw
85、60;them, and Bill and Simone jumped into it. The captain of the boat took them to Panama. Their drama was over. Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening
86、ComprehensionPassages 1 Hidden PassengersHidden passengers traveling in ships, trains, or even cars can be a terrible nuisance especially when they are insects. In this respect there is a great difference between human beings and insects. The former make every possible effort to avoid discovery, whi
87、le the latter quickly attention to themselves.We can only sympathize with the unfortunate man who had to stop his car soon after setting out from a country village to drive to London. Hearing a strange noise from the back of the car, he naturally got out to have a look. He examined the wheels carefu
88、lly but as he found nothing wrong, he continued his way. The noise began almost immediately and now it was louder than ever. Quickly turning his head, the man saw what appeared to be a great black cloud following the car. When he stopped at a village further on, he was told that a queen bee must be
89、hiddern in his car as there were thousands of bees nearby.On learning this, the man realized that the only way to escape would be to drive away as quickly as possible. After an hours hard driving, he arrived in London where he parked his car outside a hotel and went in to have a drink. It was not lo
90、ng before a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him that his car was covered with bees. The poor motorist telephoned the police and explained what had happened. The police decided that the best way to deal with the situation would be to call a beekeeper. In a short time, the beekee
91、per arrived. He found the unwelcome passenger hidden near the wheels at the back of the car. Very grateful to the motorist for his unexpected gift, the keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box. Equally grateful, the motorist drove away in peace, at last free from the
92、“black cloud” which had hung over his car.15: B, C, A, C, B 68: B, A, APassage 2 The Difference Between a College and a UniversityPeople attend a college or a university to continue their education after high school. This pre
93、pares them for work. It also provides them with a greater understanding of the world and its past. And it helps them value the arts and sciences. Student
94、s usually attend a college for four years and gain a bachelors degree. College generally do not support research or offer graduate degrees. Universities usually are much&
95、#160;larger than colleges. Universities carry out research. And they offer several kinds of degrees in many areas of study. They offer bachelors degree after four years o
96、f study. Universities also offer graduate degree that require additional years of study, such as a maters degree and a doctoral degree. Modern universities developed from
97、;those of the Middle Ages. They took their name from the Latin word “universitas.” It meant a group of people organized for one purpose.The first European colleges w
98、ere groups of students who came together because of the same interests. In England, colleges were formed to provide them with living places. Usually each group was s
99、tudying the same thing, so the word “college” came to mean one area of study. Most American colleges today teach an area of study call liberal arts. The liberal arts were subjects first developed and taught in ancient Greece. They trained a persons mind. They were considered different from subjects that were
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