初中英语介词用法大全

1、1.in中学英语介词用法总括序号功能含义懂得核心典型例句th朝代、古今、世纪、岁月、年、季、月、星期、早、下午、晚上、过去、将来等不具体的、模糊的1表示时间在某段时间大于 1 天的时间段 ；（留意和at 在这方面的区分：at指的是 短于 1 天的时间点 ）in tang dynasty;in the 19century;in 1980;in thisyear;in spring;in a week; in a month;in the morning在某个地方国家、地区、省、市、区、太空、天空等 自然意义上的地方in china;in huabei;in beijing;in the sky车

2、、教室、超市等2 表示位置在某个场所甲处于乙中 留意和 at 在这方面的区分，at 一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方除实物里面外，留意“光、灯、影、树荫、雨、森林”，有全身置入某种环境之中的含义在内；in the train; in the classroom;we are in the classroom;they are sitting in the shade of a tree；they are studying in the birghtlight.3 表示将来在以后用在一般将来时中，是从“现在时间点往后. ”they will come back in 10 d

3、ays语言4 单位材料状态5 方面服饰关于“材料“，留意和with在这个用法上的区/别；with偏向“工具”，in 偏向“材料”状态：既可以指人的状态，也可指物的状态；/方面：既可指具体，也可指抽象方面；服饰：尤以颜色和状态常考i wrote a novel in russian；the length is measured in meter, and centimetre；this board was cast in gold.he wasn t in good health,so talk in low voice. our country in rich in natural resou

4、rces;a good teacher must be an example in study he is in red shoes todayin all总计 ;in general一般来说；in time准时； in advance事前 ;in the meantime与此同时 ;in place适当地；in the hope of怀着期望;in connection with和有关;in contact with和联系;inaddition to除以外;in case of假如，万一;in conflict with和冲突;in force有效的，大批;in中学阶段应把握的in 的常见短

5、语介词短语动词短语depth彻 底 地 ;inregardto关 于 ;intheneighborhoodof大 约 、 邻 近 ;inretrospect回 顾 ， 一 想 起 ;inbehalf of代表利益;in the long run从长远说来;in one's opinion在看来;in word口头上 ;in aword总之 ;in vain无益地 ,白白地 ;in case假如，万一，以防;in detail具体地 ;in haste急赶忙忙地;inconclusion总之； in spite of尽管 ;in other words换句话说 ;in return作为回

6、报 ;in the name of以名义； be confident in对有信心;be interested in对感爱好;in doubt怀疑 ;in love恋爱中 ;in debt 负债 ;in hesitation徘徊不决 ;in wonder在诧异中 ;in public secret公开他 隐秘地 ;in a good mood 心情 好 ; in danger, in debt负债 ,in a hurry； in stock有库存 ； in peace平安 at peace和平 ,believe in信任 ; break inbreak in闯入 , 插嘴 , 打断 ;brin

7、g in引起；产生；带来; come in进来；流行；callsucceed in胜利； check in到达登记， cut in插嘴 , 插入； count in包括； draw in时间接近；drop in顺路拜访； give in投降、屈服；go in for参与；爱好，追求；hand in交上，上缴； pour in源源而来；in下令收回 ; take in吸取、卷起；订阅，上当，受骗；turn in上缴，归仍；fill in填充； get in收成；2.on序号功能含义懂得核心典型例句th在某天或一天内的某在星期几、具体的某一天or 某日的早、中、晚on sundaymon.tue;

8、on may 121998;on the night of1 表示时间个时间段（时间前有定语修饰）oct.29 th ;on wed.morning;on a cold night;onchildren day 核心提示：全部的节日都是用on there are a lot of books on the shelf;on the face; on the head;on the floorfootball2 表示位置（具体）在上面与物体表面相接触（留意与aboveover的区分）收音机、电视、电话、网络、手机、问题、纸张fieldplaygroudroadroofon the farm on

9、 the market常考 on tv; on radio; surf on the internet;on the phone；（抽象）在上面（全部有形的，无形的“新闻媒体上”都是用on）you are wrong on all these issueson the left; on the right; on both sides;在（边）上左、右、两边there is a hotel on the lake3 表示状态处于状态人或者物的目前状态;on duty; on show; on fire; on strike; on sale;onbusiness;on schedule; on

10、 time;on the country；on scale4 表示关系关于文章or 论著on指特地论述（留意和about 相区分）（ 高中阶段把握）靠相当于 depend on 的含义i want a book on south africa.he wrote an article on the importance of birth control the people in the south live on rice;you can't afford the expensive ring on an income of1000 yuan a month; on foot5 特定时

11、间一就（ 高中阶段把握）相当于 as soon as+主语的含义on entering the room, he found his friends dancing；中学阶段应把握in 的常见短语介词短语动词短语on the spot当场；立刻； on the run在逃跑中； on the air在广播中； on fire着火； on time准时； on duty值日； on strike罢工； on sale上市； on the country相反地； on schedule按时间表，准时; on business公事； on display在展出； on the one hand一方面

12、； on the other hand另一方面；on one s way to在路上； on one s own=by oneself;on top of;and so on等等； on purpose有意，特地特殊留意：乘坐交通工具都用by, 但 on foot步行； on horse骑马； on donkey骑驴bring on 引起，导致； call on 号召，拜望； decide on 打算 ;depend on 依靠，取决于； get on 上车；相处；进展 ; go on 连续 ; get on with 进展，相处； look on 旁观，观望； look on as 把 看

13、/ 当作 ;look down on 看不起，轻视； pass on 传递，传交； hand on 传递下去； put on 表演，上演；戴 / 穿上；假装； takeon 出现，具有；流行；承担，雇用；turn on打开（灯，气，水，电器等）；work on连续工作 ,钻研（学问或技术） ; carry on连续开展，坚持; hold on连续； 电话 不挂断；抓牢，坚持;try on试穿；3.at序号功能含义懂得核心典型例句at noon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;atbreakfast;at supper;at dinner;at the

14、 moment;at the1表示时间在时刻岁时in是时间段， at是时间点，相对更精确same time;at once;at the beginning of;at the end of;atthe age of; at daybreak； at sunrise;at sunset; at 7o clockat （ on） the weekend常考at the foot of;at the corner of ;at the crossroads;at2 表示地点在位置或场所家、脚、角、店、站、口、底、中心、核心thegateof;athebottomof;atthetopof;atth

15、ecenterof;atadistance;attheedgeof;athome;at thebarbar s;attheairport;atthestation;at405victory road3 表示度速度以速度the car ran at 120miles an hour; at full speed温度在度water usually boils at 100° ; at 10 degrees centigrade价格按价格the pen was sold at a good price; at low cost4 表示方向朝，向表示 动作的方向aim at向. 瞄准； sh

16、out at向. 大喊； throw at向. 扔；smile at向 . 微笑； rush at向 . 冲去 ;fire at向. 开火一般用在系表结构中，对形容词的缘由进行说5 表示缘由由于（高中阶段把握明固定考点：be good at;be bad at;an expert6 表示才能善于于ati was surprised at the news;he was discouraged at his failurehe is good at drawingat后接名词或动名词中学阶段应把握in 的常见短语介词短语动词短语at first第一，开头时；at last;at most;at

17、least至少； at all events无论如何； at home在家，无拘谨； at a loss不知怎办； at any rate不管怎样； at length具体地； be at high tide处于高潮期；at ourinvitation应我们的邀请；at our request应我们的恳求；at the news听到这消息； at the risk of冒危急；at a great expense以庞大费用；at intervals of每隔； at the sight of一见到 at the point of接近，靠近； at the thought of一想到； at t

18、he speed of以速度； at the cost price of以为代价；at leisure闲着、失业； at stake在危急中、在成败关头；at bottom实际上、本质上；atshort notice一得到通知;at seeing us看到我们； at the present stage在现阶段；at the weekend周末； at all times永久；call at拜访（某地）；come at 突击，攻击 ;get at意指，本意是；懂得；到达;knock at敲打（门窗），敲击 ;look at看;work at从事 ,致力于 ,钻研 ;laugh at嘲笑； gl

19、are at怒目而视；glance at匆忙一瞥； point at指向4.about序号含义懂得核心典型例句1 关于、有关this is a book about how to study english2 大约,近于表示时间或数量i will be with you in about 3minutes;there are about 30students in the classroom.3处处，在四周，邻近相当于 here and therehe walked about the street.4what about. 习惯用语about 为介词，所以后接动词ing 形式what abo

20、ut taking a break.动词短语go about着手 , 四处走走 ;set about着手，开头;worry about为担忧 ; come about发生 ;care about关怀、在意; bring about引起，带来 , 导致 ;knock about漫游； look about四处看看，四处环顾；set about doing着手做，开头； turn about向后转；think about考虑（是否去做）；argue about争辩 ; know about明白 ;hear about听说 ;askabout 询问 ;chat about闲聊 ;quarrel ab

21、out争执 ;speak talk about谈论 ;complain about报怨5.above序号含义懂得核心典型例句the mountain is 2000meters above the sea level（位置） ;i know you're above me socially, but i must say you are rudeman职位 表示位置、位置、年龄、价格、量 重、1 高于，在之上数、度 、音调等2 非才能所及，超出才能、行为、品质等the old lady is above eighty（年龄） ;there are above forty girl st

22、udents in the class（数量） ; our private car weighs 1.8tons重量 ；any money earned over that level is taxed度量 the maths problem is above me;honest above everything else;he is above doing such things他不至于做出那样的事情来介词短语above all第一，最重要的是，最要紧的是；he was above all a good and tireless writer; above all, we must be h

23、ealth6.across序号含义懂得核心典型例句1 横过、穿过表示动作的方向he swam across the river;the policeman helped the old man walk across the street.he lives across the street;2 在对面，在那一边表示位置上的对应关系，在隔着的对面japan lies across the pacific ocean常见短语come across 偶遇； get across横穿大路；能懂得，被听懂；run across偶遇，横跨；7.against序号含义懂得核心典型例句i have hit

24、my head against a wall;1 撞到、紧靠表示动作的方向，有靠、撞击的意思反对（赞成的反义）she stood with her back against the tree; the rain beat against the windowsare you for or against the plan.2 反、逆、违反逆方向 ;违反（意愿等）there were 20 votes for her and 12 against her; he is swimming against this current.she did it against her own will3 以

25、防（高校阶段把握此用法）they saved money against old age.4 表示陪衬 高中阶段把握此用法the red flag is fluttering against the blue sky;his red clothes stook out clearly against the snow.常见短语go against违反、违反、反对；stand against反对，不支持；turn against（转而）反对，背叛；run against违反，偶然遇到；fight against与斗争；over against正对着，在对面（ fe: he lived over

26、against the school）8.after序号含义懂得核心典型例句after breakfast he ordered a taxi. shut the door after you;1 （时间、次序、位置）在之后表时间时，后面跟的是个时间点2 探求、追求、追寻、找与 be 动词或其它动词合用时，有此含义3 根据、仿照、依照、效仿相当于 according to的含义4 由于，尽管高级用法，高中阶段把握after you,please.a few kilometres after the village, turn right to montelabatea police is ru

27、nning after a thief; he is after a job at our place;i think he is only after money.what are you after. i am looking for my wallet. make sentence after the examplethat was a play after shakespeare.they named the building after the scientist.after failing in the last two english tests,he made up his m

28、ind to spend more time on english study.after all his efforts,john has failed.常见短语介词短语day after day日复一日； year after year年复一年； one after nother一个接一个地，相继；after a little/moment/while过了一会； after all究竟，终究；after ones heart合的心；after service售后服务， after the fashion将就 fe:he can speak and write english after a

29、 fashion他多少会说一些英 语但不太好 ；动词短语look after照管，照看；take after相像，长得像，效仿（john takes after his dad）； ask after问候 , be after寻求 ,dosth.after学着做，go after设法得到 , inquire after问候 , run after追求 , seekafter追赶9.along序号含义懂得核心典型例句1 顺着，沿着表具体：沿着 具体物体 的边缘we walked along the street.2 顺着，沿着表抽象：沿着抽象事物 的方向进展（该用法为along 的副词用法）my

30、 life is going along nicely常见短语1. along with与一起 fe:the baby's mother escaped from the fire along with two other children；2. all along始终（ fe:i've been fooling myself all along）3. bring along把带来，领来; 使进展（ did you bring along some books.）4. come along显现；沿着过来；加油；进展5. get on / along（ with.）进展；相处10

31、.among序号含义懂得核心典型例句表具体：三者或者三者以上之中i found him among the crowdplease divide the cake among you four1 在之中；在. 中间表抽象most important among the country s problems is the lack of health facilities.2 之一相当于 one of的功能einstein is among the greatest scientists- among与 between的区分：三者与两者之间的区分；但在以下情形，between可用于三者： 1 当

32、两个以上的人或物用and 连接时： betweena, b and c 在 a、b、c 之间； 2 涉及事物之间的区分或各国之间的备注关系时： the difference between the three of them他们三者之间的区分the relations between various countries各国之间的关系；3 表示“由于合作的结果”时：between them they landed the fish.他们协力把鱼拖上了岸； 4 在 divide, share等表示“共享”之类的动词之后，如接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时， 用 among between均可：

33、 he divided his money among between his five sons.他把钱分给了5 个儿子；11.as序号含义懂得核心典型例句don t treat me as a child;1 作为，当作留意和 as for的区分as for为至于，关于2 当时候，在同时i speak now as a friend,not as a teacher.as for me, i don t mind going there by train;the play started as i got there;as i was a child,i liked singing ver

34、y much3 正如，就像as 当“连词”时的用法as you can see,we are still working.12.before由于，由于we have a very wonderful tv, but we hardly watch it as we have so much housework to do.1. as.as 像.一样（ fe: the little girl over there looks as beautiful as my daughter） ;2. as long as只要 fe: as long as you can keep away from th

35、em, you're safe3. as a matter of fact adv.事实上（ fe: i'm leaving for beijing tomorrow, as a matter of fact.）4. as a whole adv. 总体上 fe: we must consider these matters as a whole5. as far as adv. 远到，直到，至于 备注6.as if 好象似的似乎一样7. as well as adv. 也，又8. as well 也 （fe: water is colourless, air as well

36、）9. not so much.as.与其说 .不如说是 .fe: he is not so much a writer as a reporter10. such as 像， 例如；譬如；诸如（fe: many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free ）11. look on.as 把.看作.序号含义懂得核心典型例句在以前；表示时间we have to finish the work before 10 oclock.1在前面；在之前表示位置表示次序he made a speech before a lot of audi

37、ence he arrived before me.2以前，以往（此时before做副词）she had never been to italy before3在以前（此时before做连词）i want to think it over before i decide about it常用短语1.before long不久；（fe: i hope to see you again before long ）2.long before 很久以前fe: we've seen that film long before13.behind序号含义懂得核心典型例句1比晚；迟于表示时间2在后面表

38、示位置your ideas are behind the times; he arrived ten minutes behind time. he hide himself behind the tree.there is someone behind you.3 落后于，低于，不如表抽象：表示力气、才能等i am far behind you in englishjohn s behind the rest of the class in reading.4 支持；作为的后盾此时相当于support的作用he had his mother behind him.1. behind sche

39、dule不准时2. behind the times过时的14.below常用短语3. behind the curtain在幕后4. far behind在后面很远，把远远的甩在身后5. left behind遗留，留下（被动语句中更常用）序号含义懂得核心典型例句具体 ：表示位置1在以下（ below 含某个水平线或水平面以下的意思， 而 under 是某个物体以下）don t write your answer below this line;fish were swimming below the surface of the water.2低于，在 . 以下表示年龄he can t b

40、e below fifty.he is below me in the class;3表示才能、级别、价值、程度、数量等15.besidehis income is below the average income in the area；during the night,temperatures dropped below zero.序号含义懂得核心典型例句1在旁边；在.邻近表具体位置：表示地点2和相比引申用法 高校阶段把握he sat beside her all night;i want to buy a beautiful beside the river. beside his ,m

41、y trouble is nothing;my work condition looks poor beside hers短语be beside oneself with sth因而忘形，失去掌握i was beside myself with joy.16.besides序号含义懂得核心典型例句1 除. 以外（仍有）留意和 except的区分（ except用来引出陈述中唯独不适用的事物、情形、人或想法，是从整体中除去； 而 besides只是特殊强调而已）besides english ,we have to study math,chinese and so on. besides ca

42、ncer, smoking can lead other diseasesshe is a nice girl except a bit ugly.there wasn't anything in the box except a few dirty clothes2 另外，再说（此时当副词）i don't like that new dictionary, besides, it's too expensive17.between序号含义懂得核心典型例句the lunch hour is between 11 and 13pm;1在之间（两者） 常和 and 常用 具

43、体：表示时间、位置、数量shanxi province is between henan and gansuthe temperature is between 25 degree and 30 all week what s the differencde between women and man.2抽象：表示比较、安排、关系、性质等18.beyondthey shared the chocolate between the two of them;the relations between teachers and students are excellent my job is bet

44、ween a secretary and a personal assistant.序号含义懂得核心典型例句在的那边；1在以外；the airport is 20miles beyond the town;表示具体位置：在某物体的范畴之外what lies beyond the mountains.this book is beyond me;he is living beyond his income;2 超出，高于表示抽象的范畴、限度等the beauty of west lake ia beyond words; the watch is damaged beyond repair3 过

45、了，比 . 晚，迟于表示时间he came home beyond the usual time;19.but序号含义懂得核心典型例句1除了 .；除了 .之外2常用短语not onlybut also不但而且she has no choice but to cry.he not only studies hard but also works well；not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it（倒装）20.by序号含义懂得核心典型例句1 在. 旁边，身边表示位置，相当于beside的意思只是 by 可以用于引申含义he stood

46、by the window and look out over the fields; i haven t got any money by me.2 到时候（为止，以前）表示时间 跟时间点 he is sure to come by 3 0clock.the homework need to be ready by next friday.in america many workers were paid by the week;3 按；以表示标准，度量，数量表示方法、方式、手段等4 乘、靠、用、以、通过、被（海、陆、空、车、偶、被）表示程度5 相差（高级用法，高校阶段把握）1. call

47、by顺道拜访；2. come by从旁走过；3. go up by上升到了don t judge a man by his clothes/looks;the cotton crop has increased by 25% this yearby land air, sea, water, bus陆路 航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车 ；by chance偶然by accident偶然，无意中the law of relativity was formulated by einstein. i will contact you by letter/phonehe missed the train

48、 by five minutes;he is taller than his father by 2 centimeters动词短语4. go by 从旁 走过 / 经过；依照，遵循；顺便走访；5. pass by经过6. stand by支持（某人）；袖手旁观；7.介词短语by and by不久以后；by mistake由于差错导致；day by day一每天地 by oneself独自地； by the way顺便问一句little by little逐步地，一点点地；one by one一个一个地； side by side肩并肩； hand by hand手拉手 learn by he

49、art记住早、午、晚要用in ，at清晨、午夜、点与分；年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽in ；将来时态in .以后，小处at大处in ；有形with无形by ，语言、单位、材料in；特点、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in；介词at 和 to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分；日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论； 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，有意、支付、相反，准；特定时日和 “一就”， on后常接动名词；年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前on代 in ；步行、驴、马、玩笑on ， cab ， carriage就用in；at山脚、门口、在当前，速、

50、温、日落、价、核心；工具、和、同随with ，具有、独立、就、缘由； 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分；海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man ；this 、that 、tomorrow ，yesterday ， next 、last 、one ；接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯；over 、under正上下， above 、below就不然，如与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关；beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反； besides ， except分内外， among之内along沿；同类比较except ，加 for异类记心间；原状because

51、 of, owing to， due to表语形容词；under后接修、建中，of ， from物、化分；before ， after表一点 , ago ， later表一段；before能接完成时，ago过去极有限；since以来during间， since时态多变换；与之相比beside ，除了last but one；复不定 for 、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞；快到、对、向 towards ，工、学、军、城、北、上、南； but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言；ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合；之后、关于、在方面，有关介词须记全；in内 to外表位置，山、水、国界to 在前；如大体把握如上介词用法口诀，就不易出错；当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲；下面对该口诀分别举例帮忙你懂得消化；早、午、晚要用in例： in the morning在早上 in the afternoon在下午 in the eveni