全国卷高考英语短文改错讲解

1、全国卷高考英语短文改错讲解全国卷高考英语短文改错前言：全国卷高考英语短文改错考察考生的综合语言运用能力，涵盖英语语言的各个层面。但是综合分析历年试题我们不难发现短文改错是有规律可循的，考察的常考考点是固定的。采取有针对性的练习，定会 有提高。考点解析：名词一、考点规律分析短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数，关键是记住常用的不可数名词和集体名词以及复数形式表达不同意义的名词（见核按钮）二、真题单句归纳（1） We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from

2、a stream. （waters 改为 water, 因水“ 为物质名词，不可数）（全国卷）（2） We climb everywhere , not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. （time 改为 times,many times意为许多次“）（全国卷）（3） There are branch library in many villages. （library 改为 libraries ,因其前的谓语 are为复数）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（44） I hope that you two co

3、uld come and visit us some times soon. （times 改为 time, some time 意为 某 时”）（全国卷）（45） Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to an American family. （去掉 time ,因 first 已含有次”的意思）（全国卷）（46） 6） They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. （question 改为questions,因其前有表示复

4、数意义的修饰语lots of）（全国卷）（47） We study quite a few subject , such as maths,Chinese, English and physics. （subject 改为subjects,因a few后应接复数可数名词）（全国卷）（48） - and often watch football match on TV together. （match 改为 matches）（全国卷）（49） 9） Happy birthday , Peter, and many happy return of the day ! （return 改为 retu

5、rns, many happy returnsof the day!为祝贺生日的惯用表达）（北京春季卷）（50） She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. （schoolmate 改为 schoolmates, 因校友不只一个，另外根据其后的all也可推知）（全国卷）（51） I used to love science class - all of them - biology , chemistry, geography, physics. （class 改为classes,指其后提到的所有课程）（北京春季卷）（5

6、2） They did not want me to do any work at family. （family 改为 home, 因 at home 为固定短语）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（53） - so that I 'll get good marks in all my subject subject 改为 subjects,请注意前面的 all）（全国卷）（54） On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. （picture 改为 pictur

7、es,picture作为可数名词，其前应有限定词，或为复数形式）（全国卷）（55） No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to. （program 改为 programs,从句意上看，此处应用复数）（北京春季卷）（56） Their word were a great encouragement to me. （word 改为 words, 注意其后的复数动词）（全国卷）（57） You know , that was a dinner we had waited for several month. （

8、month ”改为 months,因 several后要用可数名词的复数形式）（江苏卷）（58） but after class we become stranger at once. (stranger改为 strangers,由本行前面的 we 可知应 该用名词复数) (全国卷)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（59） You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. (minute 改为 minutes, 因为a few后面的名词一定是复数) (广西卷)（60） 20) Nowad

9、ays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby (age 改为 ages, 因谈至U不止一 个人的年龄，age用复数；of all ages指各个年龄阶段的人(浙江卷)（61） She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when (homeworks 改为 homework , 因它 是不可数名词，没有复数形式)(福建卷)（62） Without enough knowledges , you can never teach well. ( knowledges 改为 kn

10、owledge , 因 knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式)(湖北卷)(23)I stay here for one and a half hour and(hour 改为 hours )(24)The second man pointed his glass and asked if the angel could cure his poor eyesight.(将 glass 改为 glasses此处指的是眼镜)（63） Some of his friends go to see him every day ,who take him lots of good book and

11、some fruit.( 将 book 改为books)（64） I would like to stay there for a month, visiting place of interest (把 place 改为 places)（65） I had many wonderful experience ,but I also had a bad one .( 吧 experience 改为 experiences，次处指经三、模拟单句演练(1) Women live longer than men in most country.(2) The film is very interes

12、ting. I have seen it many time.(3) It ' s said that all the ticket have been sold out.(4) The children spend a lot of times watching TV.(5) I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.(6) The flower in the park were all pleasing.(7) As the day went by , she became less anxious.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.

13、o.m(8) Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.(9) It 's one of the most interesting book that I' ve ever read.(10) He made his first time visit to China when he was 18.(11) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear.(12) He hasn 't lived here long but he has a great

14、many friend here.(13) I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there.(14) He 's getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.(15) There 's a paper ' s factory near our school.参考答案 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(1) country改为countries,因其前的 most意为 大多数”。(2) time 改为 times,

15、 many times 意为 许多次“。(3) ticket改为tickets,因它是可数名词，且受 all the的修饰。(4) times改为time,因time表示时间”时不可数。(5) peoples改为people,因people表示人们”，本身是复数，其后不能再加词尾-s.(注：复数的peoples 表示不同的民族)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(6) flower改为flowers ,因为其后的谓语为复数。(7) day改为days,句意为 随着时间的推移，她变得不那么焦急了"，此处的day应用复数。(8) computer改为computers,根据句意和其后

16、的谓语are,可知 computer要用复数。(9) book改为books,因one of后表示范围的名词要用复数。(10)去掉time, his first visit即为他第一次访问，其中已包含次”的概念。(11) tear改为tears,因tear为可数名词，不要误认为它是不可数名词。(12) friend 改为 friends,因 a great many 后要接复数名词。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(13) family 改为 home, leave for home 意为 动身回家”。(14) furnitures改为furniutre ,因它是不可数名词。(15) p

17、aper '效为paper名词的所有格表示的是所属关系，即所有权，而这里指的是造纸厂而不是 “纸的厂"从句及并列连词高考英语短文改错考点解析：从句一、考点规律分析短文改错对从句引导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词、引导词的误加与漏用、将不是从句 的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等。二、真题单句归纳 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m've climbes ,chuigh buildings and television towers.（去掉that,（1） In the last five years that they因此处的in the last five

18、 years为时间状语，其后无需用that)(全国卷) Charles said,“As soon I see a really tall building, I want to climb it. （I 前力口 as,因为 as soon as为引导时间状语从句的引导词）（全国卷）（3） Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. （since 改为 when / if / whenever.从句意上看此处用since讲不通，改为 if / when / when

19、ever均可）（全国卷）（4） However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives. （there 改为 where, where 在此引导定语从句）（全国卷）（5） in other places where you are limited to a certain number , of which some may be novels. （去掉where, in other places在此为地点状语）（全国卷）（6） in other places you are limited to a ce

20、rtain number , of that some may be novels. t that 改为which ,因介词后要用which来引导定语从句）（全国卷）（7） and whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard , the librarian will write to you. （whether 改为if,表示 如果“时，不能用 whether）（全国卷）（8） I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. （去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that, 因这里的定语

21、从句中谓语动词（spent）缺宾语，故只能用关系代词that或将其省略）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（9） I live in Beijing , where is the capital of China. （where 改为 which ,因此处要填关系代词作主语）（全国卷）（10） - but it didn't matter that I would win or not.（ that 改为 whether, whether 与 or not 搭配， 表示是否”）（全国卷）（11） I felt so nervous as I shook like a le

22、af. （as 改为 that, sothat 为固定句式，其中的 that 引导 结果状语从句）（全国卷）（12） In one class, I learned it rained. （it 前加 why, why 在此表原因）（北京春季卷）（13） For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put it in a secret place where I couldn't find.（where改为that / which ,或去掉 where, I couldn ' t find（修饰 place的定语从句，其前用

23、关系代词，也 可省略）（北京春季卷）（14） It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. （we 前力口 when, 时间状语从句缺少连 词引导）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（15） Besides, I have few friends, I don 't know that they don ' t liklk With me.(that 改为 why,why引导宾语从句，表示原因)(年全国卷)（16） I have a good friend who 's name is

24、Liu Meiwho' s 改为 whose, 因 who 's=who is 不仅结构 错误，而且意思也不通；whose引导定语从句，表示 “的”)(福建卷)（17） It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (when 改为since, It is / has been +时间段+since (谓语动词是短暂性动词)是固定句型，意为 自以来有多久了”)(年天津卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) He is the man his car was

25、stolen.(2) That ' s the hotel which we were staying last summer.(3) That 's the palace where we visited last summerw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(4) I suddenly woke up in mid-night. And it was a long time I got to sleep again.(5) In the past few years when we ' ve planted thousands of trees along t

26、he river.(6) At the airport where all the baggage must be examined.(7) He wrote me a letter and asked I was getting on.(8) She stayed in France for 10 years. That' s she spoke French so well.(9) It ' s really a beautiful place where everyone hopes to visit.(10) It cost nothing. Anyone can ge

27、t it unless he likes it.参考答案(1) his改为 whose, whose在此引导定语从句。(2) which改为where, where引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；此题还可在staying后加in.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(3) where改为which / that ,也可去掉 where,因visit为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语(也可省略)。(4) 第二个I前加before,此句意为过了好久我才又睡着”。(5) 去掉when,否则全句没有主语。(6) 去掉where,否则全句没有主语。(7) asked后加how,否则句意不通。(8)

28、That '诟加why ,否则句意不通。(9) where改为which , which在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语(用作 visit的宾 语)。(10) unless改为if,否则句意不通。高考英语短文改错考点类析：并列连词一、考点规律分析短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and,but, or, so等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语。严格说来，这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误。二、真题单句归纳（1） We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do. （and 改为 but,因此处语意转折）（全国卷）（

29、2） I told Mother , Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. （all 前力口 and, 表 示并列关系） （全国卷）（3） It is a very important exam but I can't afford to （Ociuit.改为 and / so,此处表因果关系，并非转折关系） （北京春季卷）（4） She was smiling but nodding at me. （but改为 and,因此处并无转折之意）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（5） It

30、looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. （and 改为 or, a visitor 和 a guest 应是 选择关系，意思是好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”）（6） The food was expensive and the service was good. （and 改为 but,此处意义发生转折）（全国卷） I ' m the captain of our school team so with my fellow players we' ve won seversbgames.a

31、nd,表并列关系）（安徽春季卷）（8） 8） My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. （but 改为 and, 此处表示并列，而不是转折）（江苏卷）（9） So once you 've started collecting seriously you（So 改为 But,因为前后是转折关系）（年浙江卷）（10） Clever as she is, but she works very hard.（去掉but,因前面已有引导让步状语从句的连词as（=thoug

32、h虽然），千万不要受汉语句式虽然但是”的影响，而重复用连词）（福建卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（11） I teach them, play with them , but watch them growing up. （but 改为 and, 因为 teach / play 与 watch是并列关系，而不是转折关系）（湖北卷）三、模拟单句演练（1） Do you want a bath at once , and shall I have mine first ?（2） Are you going to clean your car before and after suppe

33、r ?（3） Hurry up , and you 'll be late for school.（4） She never said she was rich, and she was.（5） Mr Smith worked very hard so without any success.（6） Everyone asked me to go , but I went.参考答案w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（1） and改为or, or在此表选择。（2） and改为or, or在此表选择。（3） and改为or, or在此表示 要不然“、否则”。（4） and改为 but,

34、 but在此表示转折。句中的 she was为she was rich之省略。（5） so改为but,此处语意转折。（6） but改为so, so在此表示因果关系.高考英语短文改错考点解析：非谓语动词一、考点规律分析短文改错对非谓语动词的考查主要涉及不定式符号to的有无，介词后该使用动词的什么形式（用动名词），并列结构中几个非谓语动词是否一致，动词用作主语时用何种形式（可用动名词或不定式，但不 能用动词原形），-用-ing还是-ed分词作状语，定语和表语二、真题单句归纳（1） David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on

35、 staying near the car. （wanted 后力口 to, 因为want后要接不定式）（全国卷）（2） - rather than go into the forest and getting lost. （getting 改 get,因为 get 与其前的 go 并歹U） （全 国卷）（3） David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village. （leading 改为 lead, 因为其前有助动词would ）（全国卷）（4） I went back to get Davi

36、d and helped him to stood up. （stood 改为 stand, 因为 to stand up 在止匕为 不定式结构） （全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（5） Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building. （climbed 改为 climb / climbing ,若将as well as视为连词，则将 climbed改为 climb ,因为它与其前的do并列；若将 as well as视为介词，则 climbing ,因为介词后动词用动名词）（

37、全国卷）（6） Modern people know more about health , have better food, and to live in clearer surroundings. （去 掉live前的to,因为live与其前的know , have并列） （全国卷）（7） The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world. （improve前加to, to improve为表目的的不定式短语）（全国卷）（8） you pa

38、y the cost of send a postcard, the librarian will write to you. （send改为 sending, 因为介 词后接动名词作宾语）（全国卷）（9） - and let you to know when the bo ok you want has returned （去掉 know 前的 to, 因为其前有动词let）（全国卷）（10） I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays. （have 改为 having , 因为介词后接

39、动名词作宾语）（全国卷）（11） I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. r return 前力口 to, 因为 want 后要接 不定式）（全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（12） It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. （drove 改为 drive,因为 drive与其前的to meet并列，此处的 drive为省略to的不定式）（全国卷）（13） I look

40、 forward to hear from you soon. （hear改为 hearing,因为其前的 to 是介词） （全国卷）（14） Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.（第一个play改为playing ,因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）（15） I was often a little tired after a day's work and watch TV demiandeffer

41、y l （watch 改为watching ,因为动词原形不能用作主语）（全国卷）（16） I 'd like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning. （come 前力口 to, 因为 would like后接不定式）（北京春季卷）（17） I 'll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. （prepare 改为 preparing, 因为它与其前 的reading并列，与其前所用的动词spend有关）（北京春季卷）（18） But

42、then there is always more mysteries look into. （look 前加 to,此处为不定式作后置定语）（北京春季卷）(119) After learn the basics of the subject , nothing else seemed very practical to me. （learn 改为 learning , 因为介词后接动名词作宾语）（北京春季卷）(120) My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a goo

43、d education. （make前加to,因为to make 在此用作目的状语，注意句型 do all one can to do sth） （全国卷） w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(121) He did not want share things with other people. （want 后加 to,因为 want 后要接不定式）（北京春季卷）(122) That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. （ making 改为 made,因为缺谓语，不能用非 谓语形式，根据上下文用一般过去时）（北京春季卷）(123) As

44、 we climbed the mountain , we fed monkeys , visiting temples and told stories. （visiting 改为 visited ,因为它与其前的fed和其后的told并列）（全国卷）(124) But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. （go 改为 going , 因为动 词原形不能用作主语）（安徽春季卷）(125) children may not develop the habit of read and the

45、 ability to enjoy themselves. (read 改为 reading,因为介词后要接动名词)(年北京春季卷)(126) to make children to want things that they don't reaQyWedwant 前的 to, 因为 want在此用作使役动词make的宾语补足语)(年北京春季卷)(127) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. (talk改为talking

46、,因为动词 enjoy后要接动名词作宾语) (全国卷)(128) Shake her head, she said,“It isn 't a good time to do,thadear. ” (Shake 改为 Shaking, 现在分词表伴随)(江苏卷)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(129) It ' s like going to a huge library without have to walk around to find your books. (have 改为 having , 介词后用动名词作宾语)(广西卷)(130) I am thinking

47、 of making a trip to London , and visit the British Museum and some parks. ( visit 改 为visiting ,因visit与making并列，作介词 of的宾语)(四川卷)(131) I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts. ( giving 改为 given,巴某物给某人 “是 give sth to sb;句中records与give是被动关系，故用过去分词)(132) I dream of standing on the platform in

48、the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls. (give 改为giving ,因它与standing并列，作dream of的宾语)三、模拟单句演练(1) In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day. It ' s very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese.(3) It was silly of you believe what he said.(4) He was made wash the boss 

49、9;s car once a day.(5) I 'll let you to know as soon as I hear from her.(6) Iwaved to her but failed attract her attention.(7) Ihave already seen the film twic e. I don 't want see it any more.(8) What I want know is when all this happened.(9) It was clear that he wanted be alone. w.w.w.k.s.

50、5.u.c.o.m(10) Most children are interested in listen to stories.(11) Walk quickly is difficult for an old man.(13) Be careful in cross the street.(14) The film is very interesting. It is worth see twice.(15) Find work is very difficult these days.(16) Most of us students enjoy ask questions in Engli

51、sh.(17) Look , some of my classmates are practising speak English over there.(18) Teach a child to sing and dance is very interesting.(19) Learn to speak English is more difficult than to write it.(20) My friend Jim is very good at making things and repair things.(21) He decided to go to the south ,

52、 find a good job and living there.(22) It was very kind of you to buy us some much fruit and seeing us at the station.(23) Excuse me, would you to tell me the way to the zoo ? w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m参考答案(1) work前加to,此句为 force sb to do sth的被动形式。(2) learn 前加 to,此句用的是 it 's dicfult for sb to do sth 句型。

53、(3) believe 前加 to,此句用的是 it 's silly of sb to do sthI型。(4) wash前加to, make sb do sth中的do不能带to,但若 make用于被动语态，则其后的do要带 to. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(5) 去掉to,因为let后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带to.(6) attract前加to, fail to do sth意为 朱能做某事”。(7) see前加to, want (想要)后接动词要用不定式。(8) know前加to, want (想要)后接动词要用不定式。(9) be前加to, want (想要

54、)后接动词要用不定式。(10) listen改为listening ,介词后接动名词作宾语。(12) Walk改为 Walking ,用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形。注意不能将walk视为名词，因为其后有副词修饰语quickly.(13) cross改为crossing,介词后接动名词作宾语。(14) see改为seeing, worth后接动词要用动名词形式。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(15) Find改为Finding ,用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形。(16) ask改为asking, enjoy后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式。(17) speak改为speaking, p

55、ractise后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式。(18) Teach改为Teaching ,用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形。(19) Learn改为Learning,用作主语要用动名词，不用动词原形。(20) repair改为repairing ,因它与 making并列，一起用作介词at的宾语。(21) living 改为 live,因它与其前的go to ，find 并列。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(22) seeing改为see,因它与 to buy并列，see为省略to的不定式。(23) 去掉tell前的to,因would you 后应接动词原形，不接不定式.高考英语短文改错

56、考点解析：缺词一、考点规律分析与多词错误的情形相似，缺词也主要涉及英语中一些小”词，如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词be等。具体说来，漏词错误可能涉及的问题有：不及物动词后接宾语时漏加必要的介词，在该带不 定式符号to的地方漏加to,在单数可数名词表示泛指意义时漏加必要的限定词(尤其是漏加不定冠词)， 漏掉表特指的定冠词，漏掉被动语态中的助动词be,漏加系表结构中的连系动词be,漏加一些常用结构或表达中的介词(如漏掉a lot of中的of,漏掉 because of中的of,漏掉instead of中的of等)，漏掉某些从句的 引导词”(通常会导致意义不通)，漏掉形式宾语 it二、真

57、题单句归纳(24) When we walked to the car , Bill smiled and shook head. (head 前力口 his,汉语可 摇头”，而按 英语的习惯要说 shake one 's he ad (全国卷)(25) When I have free time I go a long walk. (go 后加 for, go for a walk 是习语)(全国卷)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m(26) Charles said,“As soon I see a realy tall building, I want to climb it

58、.(第一个 I 前力口 as,因为 assoon as为引导时间状语从句的引导词)(全国卷)(27) Good health is person 's most valuapolesession. (person '前加a,这里的a表泛指)(全国卷)(28) The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world. (improve前加to, to improve 为表目的的不定式短语)(全国卷)(29) There is public library in every town in Britain. (public library 前