人教版英语必修第一册Unit4《Natural Disasters》能力提升卷（解析版）

1、Unit4 Natural Disasters 测试卷 （B卷 提升篇）【人教版】学校：_班级：_姓名：_ 考号：_ 温馨提示：本试卷共分第卷和第卷两部分,第卷为选择题；第卷为非选择题；满分为120分,考试时间为100分钟。请同学们将答案写在答题卡上,务必注意你的书写。第卷第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(湖北荆州北门中学2019-2020高一期中考试)PROBLEMSAlice: Yesterday, at the beginning o

2、f the chemistry exam, I spent more time on a difficult question than I intended. When I saw the others turning to the next page, I became so nervous that I couldnt even work out simple questions. I really want to know how to control myself in exams. Could you give me some advice?Rob: Im trying to re

3、view for my exams, but its hard to concentrate for long. I sit on the bed with my books, but then I lie down and fall asleep. And my parents ask me to do things or my friends call, so I give up studying. Im starting to panic. What should I do?Lara: I get good marks at school, so my friends all want

4、to copy my homework. But I spend a lot of time working while theyre having fun. Its not fair, and Im getting fed up with this situation. But how do I tell them they cant copy my workI dont want to lose my friends. Help!ADVICEConcentrate on the exam. Dont daydream or be distracted by the other test t

5、akers. Some students do exams quickly, but this doesnt necessarily mean they get all questions right. Just stick to your own pace!1.Which of the following piece of advice might be helpful to Alice?A. Do exams quickly. B. Work at your own pace.C. Have a regular routine. D. Avoid cheating in the exam.

6、【答案】B【解析】推理判断题Alice的问题是考试的时候容易受到别人的干扰，Advice部分建议正好是关于考试时候稳住自己的节奏，不受别人影响。故选B。2.Why is Lara very angry with her friends?A. Because they want to copy her homework.B. Because they often have fun without her.C. Because they take her homework back home.D. Because they distract her during the exam.【答案】A【解析

7、】细节查找题根据文中信息 “I get good marks at school, so my friends all want to copy my homework.”可知答案为A。3.Where are the texts most probably taken from?A. An English dictionary. B. A science magazine.C. A business newspaper. D. A student magazine.【答案】D【解析】综合全文信息可知本文是关于学生遇到的问题，故选D。B（莆田第七中学2019-2020上学期高一年级期末考试）A

8、very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on October 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.At least 20 people have been ki

9、lled, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to escape. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff(东西)Im never going to see it again,” Jeff Okre

10、pkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to Californias economy(经济). They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂). In 2016,

11、 Californias wineries made more than $57 billion.October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.4. Why did the fires g

12、row quickly? A. Most of the fires began in October. B. 12 fires happened at the same time. C. The state government didnt do anything. D. High-speed wind and dry air.【答案】D【解析】细节查找题。根据第一段信息“They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.”可知答案为

13、D。5. How many people have to leave their homes? A. 50,000. B. 200. C. 3,500. D. 20.【答案】A【解析】细节查找题。根据第二段信息“About 50,000 people have been required to escape”可知答案为A。6. What is the biggest loss for California s economy? A. Homes have been destroyed. B. Wineries have been burned. C. People have to leave

14、their homes.D. Many people have been injured.【答案】B【解析】根据第三段信息“The areas are important to Californias economy(经济). They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂).”可知当地的主要经济形势是酒厂，故判断大火造成的经济损失主要在酒厂。故选B。7. What is the cause of the fires? A. The high-speed wind and dry air. B. Many

15、fires started at once. C. October produces the most ruins. D. The cause is not explained.【答案】D【解析】根据全文最后一句话可知答案为D。CNot only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,

16、meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunken or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the

17、 membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of in

18、dividual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, whi

19、ch could account for their purpose of such a new invention.The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied a patent for their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not

20、been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.Ooho is catching many peoples attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1,000 investors in

21、only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers interest while the production machine is getting up and running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.8.How is most plastic dealt with in America?A. Its sold.&#

22、160;   B. Its recycled.C. Its buried.    D. Its wasted.【答案】D【解析】细节查找题根据第一段中信息“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知和只有23%的塑料杯回收，价值$ 1 billion的塑料都被当做垃圾处理掉了故选D9.Why did the team

23、 invent Ooho?A. To make a profit for a company.    B. To protect the environtnent.C. To make people eat as they drink.    D. To reduce the cost of plastic bottle.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题第一段先介绍在美国塑料的回收利用并不理想，故有人研制出环保的材料，B选项和环保有关， 故为正确答案。10.What can we infer about Ooho from the tex

24、t?A. It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.B. It has become popular since it began to be sold.C. It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.D. It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.【答案】C【解析】细节查找题根据文中信息“but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is

25、 cheaper than plastic bottles.”可知和新材料Ooho并不昂贵故选C。11.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?A. Ooho is to be a success in the future.B. Ooho is being supported by smart people.C. Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.D. Ooho is being produced to attract more investors

26、.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题根据全文最后一段信息“It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.”可知作者很看好这种新材料。故选ADWith only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). Thats a move similar to what

27、 a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noahs Ark”.Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kra

28、emer, a professor in Texas A & Ms College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native on

29、ly to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure cou

30、ld take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy

31、 (having a baby). It takes a long time and its difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at clon

32、ing a dog.“They are trying to do something thats never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noahs Ark. Were both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. Its a research that is ve

33、ry much needed.”12. The aim of “Noahs Ark” project is to _.A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandasB. save endangered animals from dying outC. collect DNA of endangered animals to studyD. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。从第2段内容可知，“诺亚方舟”工程的目标是把濒临灭绝的动物的蛋(卵)、胚胎、精液和DNA储

34、存在液体氮中，如果某一种动物濒临灭绝时，将来可以重现这一动物。13. According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _.A. available panda eggs B. host animalsC. qualified researchers D. enough money【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。从第6段第1句话 The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and t

35、he lack of available (capable of being used ) panda eggs could be a major problem 可以做出正确判断。14. The best title for the passage may be _.A. Chinas Success in Pandas CloningB. The First Cloned Panda in the WorldC. Exploring the Possibility to Clone PandasD. China the Native Place of Pandas Forever【答案】C

36、【解析】主旨大意题。从文章内容来看，无论是中国还是世界克隆熊猫还没有成功，所以排除A、B项;D项内容明显与文章内容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊猫的可能性”应该是这篇文章的标题。15. From the passage we know that _.A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dogB. scientists try to implant a pandas egg into a rabbitC. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researchesD

37、. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。此题B项的干扰性较强，但由于它没有说明是Chinese scientists，所以应排除。A、C项明显与原文不符。根据文章第3段第1句可知答案为D第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sleep advice for kids of all agesIt is important for each child to get enough sleep every

38、 day. Here we will learn more about that.How much sleep does a child need?16 Newborns 0 to 3 months should sleep 10 to 18 hours a day. Babies 4 to 11 months should start to sleep through the night, for 9 to 12 hours at a time. Toddlers(初学走路的孩子) 1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day. Children

39、3 to 5 should get 11 to 13 hours a night. 17 Teenagers 14 and up need 8 to 10 hours of sleep.What can parents do?Set a strict nap(小睡) timetable. 18 Even older children can benefit from late-afternoon naps if they are not getting enough sleep at night. But keep them short- 30 minutes at most. 19 Reme

40、mber to ask your children to turn off the television and the computer an hour before bed. If possible, get them out of your childs bedroom since the light from electronic screens can make sleep a difficult job.Get them moving. 20 Running around and playing sports is great, but kids can be active in

41、other ways, too. Take the dog for a walk, or go to the park - just get them out of the house and get them moving.A. Pay attention to screen time.B. It usually depends on their age.C. Its OK to go to bed 30 minutes later.D. Kids 6 to 13 need 9 to 11 hours of sleep.E. Younger children should take a sh

42、ort sleep during the day.F. Energy drinks can keep kids from falling or staying asleep.G. Exercise during the day helps children sleep better at night.【答案】BDEAG【解析】16. 被考查段落的中心句为“How much sleep does a child need?”空白处之后介绍不同年龄段的孩子需要的睡眠不一样。故选B。17. 空白处前后信息提示不同年龄段的孩子的睡眠时间。故选D。18. 空白处之后信息提示甚至是年长一些的孩子也需要午睡

43、，故判断空白处应该是年幼的孩子需要午睡。19. 空白处之后信息提示应该注意电视和电脑时间。故选A。20. 本段第一句“Get them moving”提示本段应该是和锻炼身体有关。故选G。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Star Athlete My name is Edward, and at one time I was the star athlete at my school for four consecutive（连续的） years. S

44、occer was my life for as 21 as I could remember. For at 22 six times a week, you could find me at the fields training. Within those past four years, I had 23 sixty goals for my team. I even starred in our local newspaper.Most athletes asked me how I did it. How I 24 to go out once or twice a day to

45、train. Most athletes would be 25 out, but not me. I asked them how they just naturally breathed. Football had been my life ever since I was five years old. Having two parents that played the game 26 me to become the best athlete I could ever be. My whole family played; not 27 was like not eating at

46、my grandma's house, not acceptable. When I was three, my parents taught me how to kick the ball, and that was when I 28 fell in love with the game. But that was past.When I was working up to the state championship,I got injured and the trainer told me I could never play again. I cried and my 29

47、was torn into pieces. Later, I 30 myself back up and went to Vanderbilt University on an academic scholarship.I might not be a super star, but I 31 to let my life slip out of my hands. Now, I'm on my way to becoming a doctor to help 32 like me. Sometimes I wonder who I would be without my injury

48、, but then I realize I would not have had this opportunity. Things change 33 ,and you have to learn to 34 it. Stop living in the past and live in the future. Everyone has a story, but you have to make your own ending. It's up to you to persevere and fight for yourself. Be your own 35 .21. A. man

49、y B. long C. well D. early22. A.latest B.first C. most D. least23. A.reached B. scored C. achieved D. set24. A. tried B. wanted C. selected D. managed25. A. burnt B.worked C.tried D. died26. A. reminded B. persuaded C. influenced D. forced27. A. playing B.helping C.rising D. exercising28. A. persona

50、lly B.partly C. willingly D. completely 29. A.mind B. heart C. head D. leg30. A. woke B.dressed C. picked D. called31. A. refused B.decided C. managed D. dared 32. A. stars B. adults C.children D. athletes 33. A. eventually B. frequently C. suddenly D.gradually34. A. accept B.find C. receive D. unde

51、rstand35. A.winner B. doctor C. trainer D. superstar【答案】21-25BDBDA 26-30CADBC 31-35ADCAD【解析】21.考查形容词。 for后面跟段时间，as long as 表示长达，所以句意为就我记忆所及，足球就是我的生命。22.从第二段内容可知作者每天都去练球，由此可知此处强调次数之多，at least 至少，符合题意。23.考查动词。上文提到作者是足球明星，而且根据下句可知作者作为一个足球运动员非常出色，由此推测作者进球很多，score a goal“踢进一球；得一分”，选B。24.考查动词。从第一段可知作者每天都会

52、出去训练，manage to do “成功做到”，故选D。25.考查动词。作者每天都会去进行一两次的训练，别的运动员会对此没了兴趣，burn out “筋疲力尽，热情等的逐渐消失”，故选A。26.考查动词。根据下文内容可知全家人都踢足球，也就是说作者对足球的热爱是受父母影响的，故选C。27.考查动词。根据前句中的played可知全家人都爱踢足球，故判断选A，。28.考查副词。从上文可知作者对足球非常痴迷，所以完全陷入了对足球的热爱中，故选D。29.考查名词。根据句中cried和前句内容可知作者听到不能继续踢球的消息伤心欲绝，故选B。30考查动词。从下文内容可知虽然作者不能继续踢球了，但是他没有

53、颓废，而是重新振作起来，pick up “跌倒后重新爬起来”，故选C。31.考查动词。根据前后句内容可知作者没有屈服于命运，而是努力学习，在学业上取得了一定成绩，故选A。32.考查名词。作者曾经是一名运动员，故选D。33.考查副词。根据上文内容可知当作者在比赛时意外受伤，所以在此是事情常常是突然发生，没有预料，故选C。34.考查动词。根据后句内容可知作者认为人们要勇于面对问题，要接受事实，故选A。35.考查名词。从文章首段和本段中I might not be a super star可以判断作者认为要做自己的明星，故选D。第卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空

54、白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, _36_  (destroy) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged _37_ their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs. One person was killed, several were_38_ 

55、;(serious) hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.  A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early _39_ the morning and lasted for over an hour.  “I _40_ (eat) with my wife an

56、d children,” he said, “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best _41_ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was _42_ (miss). I went back inside and found him, safe _43_ very frightened.”  Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she _44_ (feel) that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.  Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought _45_ (they) food, cl