车床英语学习教案

1、会计学1车床车床(chchung)英语英语第一页，共14页。Lesson Fifteen Lathe 一、一、new words w lathe lei n. 车床车床w headstock hedstk n.主轴主轴箱，床头箱，床头(chun tu)箱箱w tailstock n. 尾架，尾座尾架，尾座w bed bed n.（机床）床身（机床）床身w tool-post tu:lpust n. 刀架刀架，刀座，刀座第1页/共14页第二页，共14页。w cross-slide krs-slid n. 横横向向(hn xin)滑板，中拖板滑板，中拖板w sideward saidw:dz ad

2、. 侧侧面地，向旁边地面地，向旁边地w saddle sdl n. 大拖板，床大拖板，床鞍鞍w carriage 5kAridV n.（机床（机床）溜板，拖板）溜板，拖板w center sent n.顶尖顶尖w turret trit n.转塔转塔第2页/共14页第三页，共14页。w incorporate ink:preit v. 包括，合并包括，合并w matter mt v. 要紧，有重要紧，有重大关系大关系(gun x)w tapered teipd a. 锥形的锥形的w nose nuz n. 端部，管口端部，管口w feed fi:d n. 进给进给w lever li:v n.

3、杠杆，手柄，把杠杆，手柄，把柄柄w jaw n. 卡爪，虎钳牙卡爪，虎钳牙.第3页/共14页第四页，共14页。w chuck tk n. 卡盘，夹具卡盘，夹具 v. 用（卡盘）夹紧用（卡盘）夹紧w leadscrew li:dskru: n. 丝丝杠，螺杆杠，螺杆w thread red n. 螺纹螺纹w pitch pit n. 螺距，间距螺距，间距w turret lathe 转塔车床，六角转塔车床，六角(li jio)车床车床w transverse movement 横向横向运动运动第4页/共14页第五页，共14页。w reversing lever 反向柄反向柄w feed-shaf

4、t 光杠光杠w live center 主轴主轴(zhzhu)顶尖，活动顶尖顶尖，活动顶尖 w dead center 尾架顶尖，固尾架顶尖，固定顶尖定顶尖 w three-jaw universal chuck 三爪万能卡盘三爪万能卡盘w four-jaw independent chuck 四爪卡盘四爪卡盘 第5页/共14页第六页，共14页。Have a rest please! 第6页/共14页第七页，共14页。知知之之者者不不如如(br)好好之之者者好好之之者者不不如如(br)乐乐之之者者孔孔子子(kn z)第7页/共14页第八页，共14页。 The lathe is one of t

5、he most useful and versatile machines in the workshop, and is capable of carrying out a wide variety of machining operations. The main components of the lathe are the headstock and tailstock at opposite ends of a bed, and a tool-post between them which holds the cutting tool. The tool-post stands on

6、 a cross-slide which enables it to move sideward across the saddle or carriage as well as along it, depending on the kind of job it is doing. 二、二、Text 第8页/共14页第九页，共14页。二、二、Text The ordinary center lathe can accommodate only one tool at a time on the tool-post, but a turret lathe is capable of holdin

7、g five or more tools on the revolving turret. The lathe bed must be very solid to prevent the machine from bending or twisting under stress . The headstock incorporates the driving and gear mechanism, and a spindle which holds the workpiece and causes it to rotate at a speed which depends largely on

8、 the diameter of the workpiece. A bar of large diameter should naturally rotate more slowly than a very thin bar, the cutting speed of the tool is what matters. 第9页/共14页第十页，共14页。二、二、Text Tapered centers in the hollow nose of the spindle and of the tailstock hold the work firmly between them. A feed-

9、shaft from the headstock drives the tool-post along the saddle, either forwards or backwards, at a fixed and uniform speed. This enables the operator to make accurate cuts and to give the work a good finish. Gears between the spindle and the feed-shaft control the speed of rotation of the shaft, and

10、 therefore the forward or backward movement of the tool-post. The gear which the operator will select depends on the type of metal which he is cutting and the amount of metal he has to cut off. 第10页/共14页第十一页，共14页。二、二、Text Centers are not suitable for every job on the lathe. The operator can replace

11、them by various types of chucks, which hold the work between jaws, or by a front-plate, depending on the shape of work and the particular cutting operation. He will use a chuck, for example, to hold a short piece of work, or work for drilling, boring or screw-cutting. A transverse movement of the to

12、ol-post across the saddle enables the tool to cut across the face of the workpiece and give it a flat surface. For screw-cutting, the operator engages the lead-screw, a long screwed shaft which runs along in front of the bed and which rotates with the spindle. 第11页/共14页第十二页，共14页。二、二、Text The lead-sc

13、rew drives the tool-post forwards along the carriage at the correct speed, and this ensures that the threads on the screw are of exactly the right pitch. The operator can select different gear speeds, and this will alter the ratio of spindle and lead-screw speeds and therefore alter the pitch of the threads