长江流域甘蓝型油菜育种亲本农艺性状的遗传变异、相关及主成分分析.doc

1、长江流域甘蓝型油菜育种亲本农艺性状的遗传变异、相关及主成分分析p 打开文本图片集【摘要】：p ： 【目的】研究長江流域地区甘蓝型油菜育种亲本农艺性状的遗传变异，为利用不同区域甘蓝型油菜育种亲本材料的优良农艺性状、配制和选育优良品种（组合），提高油菜产量提供参考依据。【方法】以国家油菜产业技术体系提供的从长江上、中、下游区域征集的213份甘蓝型油菜育种亲本为材料，采用相关分析p 、通径分析p 和主成分分析p 等方法分析p 四川省成都平原气候条件下供试甘蓝型油菜亲本材料主要农艺性状的遗传变异及其与单株产量的关系，明确影响甘蓝型油菜育种亲本单株产量形成的主要农艺性状。【结果】长江上、中、下游区域甘蓝

2、型油菜育种亲本农艺性状变异系数最大的均为单株产量，分别为18.29、18.91和18.47;变异系数最小的均为株高，分别为6.24、6.44和5.95。不同区域甘蓝型油菜育种亲本的农艺性状除上游的区域千粒重与单株产量呈负相关外，其余性状均与单株产量呈正相关，其中株高、主序有效长度、一次有效分枝数和每果粒数与单株产量呈显著（P<0.05，下同）或极显著（P<0.01，下同）正相关;上游和中游区域的主序有效角果数与单株产量呈极显著正相关，角果长度与单株产量显著正相关;中游区域的千粒重与单株产量极显著正相关。上游区域对单株产量直接作用最大的是株高，间接作用最大的是有效分枝高度;中游区域对

3、单株产量直接作用最大的是每果粒数，间接作用最大的是株高;下游区域对单株产量直接作用最大的是主序有效长度，间接作用最大的是主序有效角果数。主成分分析p 可将上游和中游区域相关性状分为三大类，上游区域分别是株高性状、产量构成性状和角果性状，贡献率分别为41.353、15.186和12.083;中游区域分别是株高性状、角果性状和分枝性状，贡献率分别为31.485、22.004和14.097;下游区域分为四大类，分别是株高性状、角果性状、主序性状和产量构成性状，贡献率分别为32.393、19.971、16.035和11.960。【结论】在四川省成都平原气候条件下，影响长江上游区域甘蓝型油菜育种亲本材料

4、的主要性状是株高，中游区域主要是每果粒数，下游区域主要是主序长度。【关键词】：p ： 甘蓝型油菜;农艺性状;遗传变异;相关分析p ;主成分分析p ;长江流域中图分类号： S634.3 文献标志码： A 文章编号：2095-1191（20_）10-2196-09Geic variation， correlation and principal ponent analysis of agronomic traits of breeding parents of Brassica napus L.in Yangtze RiverZHENG Ben-chuan1，2， CUI Cheng1， LI H

5、ao-jie1， ZHANG Jin-fang1，CHAI Liang1， JIANG Jun1， JIANG Liang-cai1_（1Crops Research Institute， Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science， Chengdu 610066，China; 2College of Agronomy， Sichuan Agricultural University， Wenjiang， Sichuan 611130， China）Abstract：【Objective】This study aimed to reveal the heri

6、table variation of agronomic traits in rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） from Yangtze River area， and provide a reference base for utilizing superior agronomic traits of parental materials from different regions， breeding fine varieties（binations） and improving the yield of rapeseed.【Method】A total of 21

7、3 cultivars/lines collected from the upper， middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Basin by national rapeseed industrial technique system were used in this study.The correlation analysis， path analysis and principal ponent analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between the geic varia

8、tion of main agronomic characters and yield per plant under Chengdu plain climatic conditions in Sichuan， the main agronomic characters effecting the yield per plant were then confirmed.【Result】The greatest variation coefficients of parental agronomic traits in the upper， middle and lower reaches of

9、 the Yangtze river was the yield per plant， representing 18.29， 18.91 and 18.47， respectively; while the lowest variation coefficient was the plant height， accounting for 6.24， 6.44 and 5.95， respectively.The agronomic traits in different regions were positively correlated with the yield per plant，

10、e_cept for the 1000-seed weight in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River， which was negatively correlated with the yield per plant.The plant height， the effective length of main inflorescence， the number of first effective branches and seeds per silique were significantly（P<0.05， the same below）

11、 or e_tremely（P<0.01， the same below） positively correlated with the yield per plant.The number of effective silique on main inflorescence in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River was e_tremely positively correlated with the yield per plant， and the length of silique was significantly

12、 positively correlated with yield per plant.The 1000-seed weight in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was positively correlated with the yield per plant.In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River， plant height had the largest direct effects on yield per plant and effective branch height had the

13、 largest indirect effects on yield per plant.In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River， seeds per silique had the largest direct effects on yield per plant and plant height had the largest indirect effects on yield per plant.In the upper reaches of Yangtze River， the length of main inflorescence ha

14、d the largest direct effects on yield per plant and number of effective silique on main inflorescence had the largest indirect effects on yield per plant.The related traits in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River could be clustered into three categories.In the upper reaches of the Yangt

15、ze River， the three categories were plant height traits， yield ponents traits and silique traits with contribution rates of 41.353， 15.186 and 12.083， respectively.In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River， the three were plant height traits， silique traits and branch traits， and their contribution

16、 rates were 31.485， 22.004 and 14.097， respectively.The main ponents in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were classified in four categories， they were plant height traits， silique traits， main inflorescence traits and yield ponents traits， the contribution rates were 32.393，19.971，16.035 and 11.960， respectively.【Conclusion】