必修3-unit3-宾语从句教案

1、 宾语从句【教学内容】宾语从句【教学目标】熟练掌握宾语从句的用法【教学重难点】关系词的使用【教学过程】什么是宾语从句：在句中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。例：1.He told an interesting story.(名词短语作宾语）2. He said that the story is interesting.(整个句子作宾语）连接宾语从句的连接词分为：从属连词：that,whether,if连接代词:who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever),which(ever),连接副词:when(ever),where(ever),why,how(e

2、ver),从属连词that：1）that引导的宾语从句一般情况下可以省略例：1.He told us (that) he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。2. I know (that) he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。2）不可省略that的宾语从句当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时例：1.However, he went on to explain that he was not too sure about two things the gramm

3、ar and some of the idioms.然而，他继续解释道他对语法和一些习语还不太有把握。例：2.I have learned that most of the students who are interested in Chinese take interest in English.我了解到大多数喜欢中文的学生对英语也感兴趣。当宾语从句较长时例：We all think that I had what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy.我们都认为公众所急需的不是别的

4、而正是经济的发展。当主句状语置于宾语从句之前时例：I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.她一告诉我所有的事情，我就立刻意识到我做错了。and连接两个宾语从句，that引导的宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略例：Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.大家都能看出所发生的事情并看出汤姆被吓到了。that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略例：I know nothing ab

5、out him except that he is from the south.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不可省略例：That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。主句谓语动词与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语时，that不可省略例：We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period.鉴于他的特殊情况，我们

6、决定给他一段试用期。从属连词if/whether例：1.I doubt whether/if he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。2. I dont know if/whether you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。If/whether在作“是否”时，引导动词的宾语从句时，两者常可通用，但有些情况下除外通常用whether不用if的情况介词后的宾语从句一般不用if例：1.I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.我对他们是否信任我不感兴趣。2.We are talking about w

7、hether we admit students into our club.我们在谈论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。有些动词如leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.例：1.I put it to you whether we should start earlier.你来决定我们是否早点出发。2. I doubt whether theyll keep their word.我怀疑他们能否信守承诺。从句中有or not时，通常用whether例：1.I dont care whether the work will take long or not. 这

8、项工作花费时间的长短我并不在乎。2.I wonder whether or not we should make it clear that weve lost this game.我正在想我们是否应该宣布我们已经输了这场比赛。紧接不定式时只用whether例：I am just wondering whether to say for another hour or just start off right away.我不知道再等一个小时还是现在就开始。在容易产生歧义的句子中，常用whether引导的宾语从句，而不用if试比较：1.Let me know whether you can co

9、me.告诉我你能否来。 2.Let me know if you can come.告诉我你能否来。【 活学活用】 1.He doesnt think the question of _whether_ they are men or women is important. 2. I didnt know _whether/if_ he would come. 3. I wonder _whether_/if_ I can get some advice from you. 4. Let me know _whether_ you can come or not. 5. _whether_ i

10、t is true or not, I cant tell. 6. I dont know _whether_ to accept or refuse.连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever),which(ever)，可作主语、宾语例：1.The headmaster wants to know whom the boy saved.(whom作宾语）2. The professor asked who could answer the question.(who作主语）注：who,whom,which,what与whoever,whome

11、ver,whichever,whatever的区别例：1.The professor asked who could answer the question.2. You may choose whoever you like.连接副词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever)作状语例：1.Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要来。 2.Could you tell me where the ticket office is?你能告诉我售票处在哪吗？ 3.You should tell me wherever

12、 you want to go.无论你想去哪里都应该告诉我。【即学即用】用适当词填空1. She is very dear to us. We are prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.2. Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue3. Ill show you whatever you want to see.4. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how

13、close you may be to victory.5. You may choose whoever you like.6. We havent discussed yet where we are going to place our new furniture.7.I will tell you why he was late for school.8.They want to know who will come to the party tomorrow evening.宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词可以带宾语从

14、句可带宾语从句的常见动词有believe,consider,expect,guess,hope,hear,imagine,know,say,suppose,tell,think等We all expect that they will win, for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮。He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们他们会帮助我们完成整个工作的。有些“动词+副词”结构也可带宾语从句I have found out that

15、 all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票全卖光了。Can you work out how much we will spend during this trip?你能计算出我们在这次旅行中将花费多少钱吗？有些动词短语也可带宾语从句Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误。We should keep in mind that sports can help us de

16、velop both our bodies and characters.我们应当牢记，体育运动不但可以增强我们的体质，而且还能健全我们的人格。可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句A. 动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天喝开水是有必要的。I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.

17、我觉得没去参加聚会很遗憾。I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我养成了每天写日记的习惯。B.有些动词带宾语从句时要先在宾语从句前加形式宾语it.如hate,take,have,see to等。He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划是可行的。I take it that you will agree with us.我认为你会同意我们的。Please see to it that the children go to bed by 9 oclock.请务必使孩子们在9点

18、前上床睡觉。【随即随练】翻译下列句子1. 他告诉我他会帮助我的。He told me that he would help me.2. 我发现这场音乐会的票全卖光了。I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.3. 我没去聚会，感觉是一种遗憾。I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.4. 如果能安排的话，我会非常感激。I would appreciate it if it could be arranged.5. 我讨厌他

19、们嘴含食物时说话。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.介词的宾语从句用wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在谈论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。The book is about how Shenzhou VI manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本书是关于神舟六号载人航天飞船如何进入太空的。用that引导的宾语

20、从句Except,but,besides三个介词后有时也可接that引导的宾语从句Nothing would please her but that we go along.只有我们一道去，她才会高兴。当然并非except后的从句都用that引导，根据词义也可用what,when等。I like her except when shes angry.我很喜欢她，但她生气时除外。【小试牛刀】单项填空1. I know nothing about the young lady C she is from Beijing. A.but for B.except for C.except that D

21、.besides2. I know nothing about the accident D I read in the newspaper. A.except B.except for C.except that D.except what形容词的宾语从句Sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示情感的形容词后也可带宾语从句Im not sure whether theyll agree with such a plan.我拿不准他们是否同意这样一个计划。Were all pleased that w

22、e have once again overcome the difficulty.真是高兴我们再次战胜了困难。Im extremely sorry that I have troubled you so much.真是对不起我给您带来了这么多的麻烦。宾语从句的否定转移主句谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,except,fancy,guess等，且主句的主语是第一人称并为一般现在时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句的附加问句部分一般与从句一致。例：1.我认为他们不会坚持到最后一分钟。 I dont think theyll st

23、ick out to the last minute.(常用） I think they will not stick out to the last minute.(不常用）2.我认为这不是他的过错，是不是？I dont suppose thats his fault, is it?【活学活用】翻译下列句子1. I dont think you are right.我认为你错了。2. I dont believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。宾语从句的语气动词wish之后的宾语从句用虚拟语气I wish I were 10

24、 years younger.我要是年轻10岁就好了。I wish I had come with you yesterday.昨天我要是和你一块来就好了。I wish I would meet him tomorrow, but he is already abroad.要是明天能见到他多好啊，可他已经出国了。动词suggest,advise,order,command,insist,demand,require,request,ask等候常接含虚拟语气的宾语从句，从句动词用“（should）+动词原形”。I suggested that he (should) not be taken a

25、long.我建议不带他去。The teacher asked that students (should) not make so much noise in the class. 老师要求学生在课堂上不要制造如此多的噪音。宾语从句的时态主句为现在时态或将来时态主句谓语动词如果是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态例：1.I know you dont know what I think at all.我知道你根本不知道我在想什么。2.I know he didnt tell you that he would come then.我知道他没告诉你他那时要来。3.Ill let yo

26、u know whether Ill come or not directly I check my schedule.我一核实完我的安排就告诉你我是否来。主句为过去时态主句谓语动词如果是过去时态，从句谓语动词一般要用与过去时态相联系的各种时态。A. 从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动作同时发生I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didnt know what country he was in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家。He asked me if I was reading

27、 the story The Old Man and the Sea when he came in. 他问我他进来时我是否在读老人与海。B.从句用过去完成时，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把会议的事告诉了玛丽。C.从句谓语用一般现在时，表示客观事实和真理。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光速比声速快。D.从句谓语用过去将来时，表示该动作发生在主句表示的谓语动作之后T

28、he reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱。【随堂练习】单项选择1. As many as courses are provided, and you are free to choose B suits you best. A.whatever B.whichever C.whenever D.wherever2. Scientist study B human brains work to make computers.

29、 A.when B.how C.that D.whether3. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know C shell accept it. A.where B.what C.whether D.which4. Police have found D appears to be the lost ancient status. A.which B.where C.how D.what5. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for C he could find a

30、bout Mark Twain. A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever6. Its good to know D the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A.what B.whose C.which D.that7. We promise C attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever8. Im afraid hes more

31、 of a talker than a doer, which is D he never finishes anything. A.that B.when C.where D.why9. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats A I dont agree.You should have a more active life. A.where B.how C.when D.what【课后作业】一、单项选择1. I am sure D he said is true. A.that

32、B.about that C.of that D.that what2. You cant imagine B when they received these nice Christmas presents. A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited3. We gave him B help we could. A.which B.what C.that D.this4. Excuse me,would you please tell me D

33、 ? A.when the sports meeting is taken place B.when is the sports meeting going to be held C.when is the sports meeting to began D.when the sports meeting is to take place5. Many young people in the West are expected to leave D could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. A.as B.that C.which D.what6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased B he was a man of action. A.wh