八年级上册英语8AU3知识点整理

1、八年级英语课堂笔记8a unit 31. climb the hill爬山 climb up爬 climb up the great wall爬长城 climb into the bed 爬上床 climb through the window从窗户爬出来 climb over the wall翻越墙2. need to exercise and keep fit 需要锤炼来保持健康 keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy 保持健康keep sb + adj: keep us healthykeep sb + doing: keep workers worki

2、ng need 作名词时，构成短语in need；作行为动词时有人称和数的变化，后接不定式或动名词；当主语和它后面的动词之间有一种被动关系时，使用need doing 或 need to be done；作情态动词时无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形；we should help people in need. he needs to study hard.a lot of homework needs finishing. a lot of homework needs to be finished. exercisen/vdo morning /eye exercises.做锤炼： do ex

3、ercise做练习： do exercises他每天锤炼； he does exercise every day. / he exercises every day.3. come on 命令句 快，快点吧；走吧；跟我来；这边来吧come on. we ll be late for schoo快l. 点！我们上学要迟到了；4. let s enjoy ourselves.enjoy oneself have a good time 玩得兴奋 ,过得开心， 反身代词与主语保持一样； let s do sths,hall we. 除此以外的祈使句,无论是确定式仍是否定式,附加疑问部分一律用will

4、 you.e.g. don t be late againw, ill you. open the door, will you. let us go home, will you.5. take a boat trip 乘船旅行， go past the opera house 经过悉尼歌剧院6. sit in a little coffee shop by the river seine坐在塞纳河畔的一个小咖啡店里coffee house 咖啡店；茶馆，coffee shop 咖啡店by在旁边 比 near 近come and warm yourself by the fire. 过来烤烤

5、火；7. take care 保重；当心，当心 take good care of look afterwell好 好 照料 look out 当心 look out of向外看 be careful 当心 be careful of/with珍视；留意please be careful of your health.请留意你的健康；8. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees介词短语with a big garden and many trees 作后置定语，修饰名词a beautiful building ；9. fore

6、ign country 外国， a foreign language 一门外语10. have a wonderful/great/good time玩得兴奋 ;过得开心have a wonderful/great/good time +doing11. interesting places places of interest 好玩的地方；名胜留意此处的interest 无复数 这里 interest 说明为 “令人感爱好的事或人”；interest 仍表示 “爱好 ”，常用的短语有：show/have interest in sth 对某事感爱好，show/have interest in

7、 doing sth 对做某事感爱好 daniel shows/has great interest in computers. daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page.12. invite me to join their school trip to the world park邀请我参与她们学校组织的去世界公园的旅行invite sb to邀请某人去某地sb be invited to某人应邀去某地，millie invited me to her birthday party.was invited toi

8、millie s birthday party.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事sb be invited to do sth 某人应邀做某事，we should invite more people to take part in the charity show.1more people should be invited to take part in the charity show. join 参与，加入某组织， 如政党、 社会团体等； join sb , join sb in sth 指和某人一起做某事；join in take part in参与某活动，at

9、tend 出席；试比较：he joined the tennis club. the man joined the army at the age of 19. he joined in the game. did you take part in your school sports meeting. were going to plant trees. will you join us. he joined us in the game.13. at the beginning 开头；起初 at the beginning in the beginning at first at the

10、start 开头；起初 at last, finally, in the end后来；最终；最终，与上述短语“开头，起初 ”意思相反；at the beginning of在之初 后接时间 at the end of在末尾，在的终点 后接时间或地点 留意：没有in the begi nning of, in the end offrom beginning to end自始至终；从头到尾；留意：该短语不含定冠词the ； begin with start with先做；以开头e.g. lets begin with exercise 1.表示 “启程 ”、机器的 “启动 ”只能用 start；

11、let s start at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow. well begun is half done.良好的开端是胜利的一半；14. at the school gate 在学校大门口at 表示在较小的地方，如：at the theatre 在剧院， at the party 在聚会上， at the airport 在机场，at the bus stop 在公交站台，at the crossing, at the crossroads 在十字路口15. get on a coach 上长途汽车get on/get off 上/下车/船等 ，e.g. get on/get of

12、f the plane 上/下飞机16. a lot of traffic heavy traffic busy traffic 交通拥挤，作主语时谓语动词用单数；17. one / it / that those 的区分your coat is very nice. i will buy onetomorrow.the weather in beijing is colder than thatin changzhou.people in china are more friendly than those_ in the uk. i only have one copy of newspa

13、per, do you want it_ .one 是指同类不同物，指代前面显现的单数名词，复数用ones； it 指同类同物；that 或 those用于比较级中；试翻译：the pyramids look like the real ones.18. whole： the whole world= all the worldthe whole day= all day19. arrive at the world park到达世界公园“到达 ”有三种表达，get to某地， arrive at 小地方， arrive in 大地方， reach某地； get to， arrive at/i

14、n 后接地点副词时不能用介词，常用的地点副词有here, there, home；如：get/arrive here/there/home 到这里 /到那里 /到家；20. be made of metal 由金属制成be made of由制成，强调从制成的成品上仍能看得出原材料，物理变化；the desk is made of wood.这张桌子是木制的；be made from由制成，表示从成品上已经看不出原材料,化学变化； wine is made of grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的；be made up of由组成，由构成，指各个部分组成整体；our class is made u

15、p of 54 students. 我们班由54 名同学组成；be made in在某地制造nokia mobile phones are made in beijing.21. notany mo再re也不 no more， no more, no longer 用于 be 动词后、行为动词前notany more no more再也不表示程度、数量上的不再2notany longer no longer不再表示时间上的不再连续e.g.when the baby saw his mother, he did not cry any more.after having some bread,

16、she was no longer hungry.more and more越来越；越来越多 more or less 几乎；差不多what is more 更有甚者；更为重要的是e.g.i vemore or less finished reading the book.我差不多已经读完这本书；youre wrong, andwhat is more you know it.你错了！而且你明明知道你错了！22. the song and dance shows歌舞巡游， join in the dancing加入舞蹈行列23. on the internet 在因特网上on the comp

17、uter 在电脑上， on the screen 在屏幕上， on tv 在电视上24. teach himself how to make a home page 自学制作网页teach oneself learnby onesel自f 学，疑问词带to 的动词不定式；25. go and see for yourself 亲自去看看for oneself 亲自， by oneself on one s ownalone 独自； 单独did she find it out for herself. yes. she did it all by herself.26. travel from

18、one place to another 从一个地方到另一地方旅行from one place to another 相当于 from place to place类似的有： from one country to another from country to country ；fromto another 中的 another 不能用 other 代替；fromto中的名词前不能用冠词a/an/the，名词不能用复数；from beginning to end 自始至终， from head to foot 从头到脚from morning to night27. take a look

19、at看一看have/take a look 看一看，只强调看的动作；have/take a look at看一看 i took a lot of photos in shenzhen. may i have/take a look at them.take a look at the things people used in the past.括号内的句子是定语从句；28. in the past 过去， at present 现在， in the future 将来；将来留意介词in/at 和冠词的搭配 29. walk slowly around the big lake and fee

20、l the beauty of the old park in the summer palace在颐和园里环湖闲逛，感受这座古老公园的漂亮beauty n. 美；漂亮e.g. a thing of beauty is a joy for ever.美的事物永久令人宠爱；语出约翰·济慈 john keats英国文坛巨星、闻名诗人，与雪莱、拜伦齐名 美人；漂亮的事物，she was a beauty in her day.around 环绕；环绕 show sb around. 带领某人参观某地 the guide showed us around the xuanwu lake pa

21、rk. the earth travels around the sun.30. which city do you want to go to.该句的疑问词which 作 go to 的宾语，不能使用where；例如该句可以回答为i want to go to paris/washington/london.试比较： where does he live.which flat does he live in.31. travel by underground 坐地铁by underground 乘坐地铁， by交通工具，是介词短语，此时by后无介词；类似的有：bybus/train/plan

22、e/underground 乘坐公共汽车/火车 /飞机 /地铁；表示 “乘坐某交通工具去某地”通常有两种表达： go to sp bytake the；to例如：坐地铁去市中心： go to the centre of the city by underground take the underground to the centre of the city ；另外， “乘坐飞机去某地 ”有三种形式： go to by plane take the plane to fly to 飞 往 332. learn more about old beijing更多地明白老北京33. great fu

23、n 很好玩fun名词 消遣， 玩耍e.g. he is full of fun. 他很好玩； 好玩的人或事we had a lot of fun at the party.在聚会上我们玩得很兴奋；it is fun to play cards. 玩牌很好玩； 不加 afor fun 闹着玩的， e.g. i have said it just for fun. 我是说着玩的；make fun of嘲弄e.g. they made fun of him.34. go horse riding 去骑马， e.g. you can go horse riding in inner mongolia.

24、35. keep their secret to themselves 保守着他们的这个隐秘keep sth to oneself 不将某事说出去e.g. she always keeps her ideas to herself. the problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves.keep secrets for sb为某人保密， e.g. thank you so much for keeping the secret for me.keep secrets from sb对某人保密3

25、6. at the front of the bus 在公交车的前部 at/in the front of在的前部in front of“在的前面 ”，主要指一物体在另一物体的前面，两者是分开的， 反义词是behind，“在的后面 ”；而 at/in the front of就指一物体中有一部分位于前部，在某物的前面部分，即两者是包涵的， the front 是某物的不行分割的组成部分；at/in the front of的反义词是at the back of在某物的后面部分；而before 是 “在的面前 ”；the introduction is always in/at the fron

26、t of the book.序言总是置于卷首；she sat in/at the front of the bus to get a good view of the country.many people took photos在前面 the leaning tower of pisa.the robber was taken在面前 the policeman.37. in the final of the basketball competition在篮球赛决赛中in the first half of the在的上半场竞赛中，in the second half of the在的下半场竞

27、赛中，in the final of the在的决赛中， half-time 中场休息， presentation of cup and medals 颁发奖杯和奖牌仪式， gold medal 金牌， silver medal 银牌， bronze medal 铜牌；留意：赢得 /获得金牌： win a gold medal38. take place 发生；举办，不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，不能用于被动语态中； 发生 the dialogue took place at a tailor s shogpr.eat changes have taken place in china sinc

28、e 1989.留意： happen 是“偶然发生 ” e.g. whahtappened to him last night. 举办 be held， e.g. the wedding of michael and stella will take place next sunday. take the place of取代 /代替， take one pslace 取代 /代替某人here is a toy plane to take the place of the one you lost.my sister is ill, and ive ctaokmeehteor place.now

29、 plastics 塑料 can take the place of steel in many ways in life.39. go back to my school 回到我的学校go back to return to 回到e.g. hong and macao have returned to china.40. a fun place to visit 动词不定式作后置定语，这里的fun 是形容词，意为“好玩的 ”；41. the plan for today 当天的方案 plan n.方案v. 方案make a plan 制订方案， make a/the plan for制订的方

30、案， plan to do sth 方案做某事e.g. make a plan for the coming summer holiday42. change to the bus 换乘公共汽车4changev.， “交换 ”，与复数宾语连用can we change seats.change 名词， 变化 可数名词 e.g. great changes 巨变 找给的零钱 “ don t forget your change.” said the cashier.43. take the bus all the way to the palace museum 乘公共汽车直达故宫44. mak

31、e it a really fun day for everyone使每个人度过真正好玩的一天45. let me know as soon as possible. let sb know as soon as poss尽ib快le 通知某人46. luck n. 运气，常用于 good luck to sb. 祝某人好运； good luck with sth. 某事好运；luck lucky adj幸.运的，e.g. a lucky dog 幸运儿 ;lucky luckily 幸好 ,幸运地 ,幸运的是 ,常用于句首；her handbag was stolen on her way

32、back home.luck , she hadn t put her keys in it.47. support v.&n. 支持；养活e.g. have a lot of support from sb 得到某人的大力支持mark has a big family to support.马克养活一大家人；with one s suppo在rt 某人的支持下support supporte支r 持者；拥护者e.g. i m a yao msinugpporter.我是姚明的球迷；48. instead adv. 代替e.g. there s nothing at the cinem

33、a. let s go tointhsteeaindt.ernet bar instead of名词 /代词 /动名词 /介词短语，代替e.g. can i come at 9:00 instead of 8:00.49. real/true 词语辨析real 和 true 的主要含义不同，real 指的确存在、非相像的；true 表示与事实相符、真实、非杜撰的； e.g. was it real or was it a dream.这是真实仍是梦幻？ is the news true.这消息是真的吗？ a movie based on a true story 取材于真实故事的电影50. m

34、ovement n.运动；行进；走动e.g. there was a sudden movement in the bushes. 灌木丛里突然有什么东西动了一下；the womens/peacemovement 妇女 /和平运动51. ticket 票；券；入场券 a bus/theatre/plane ticket 公共汽车票 /戏票 / 机票， tickets are available from arts centre at￥ 50. 艺术中心有票，每张50 元； a ticket for票 , free tickets for the show 演出的免费入场券 a ticket o

35、ffice售票处， a ticket machine 自动售票机，a ticket collector收票员52. win在竞赛、赛跑、战役中获胜 ,赢,后接宾语为竞赛、赛跑、战役等，不能接人作宾语 反义词 lose；winner 获胜者； beat在竞赛或竞争中赢、打败 某人 ，后接的宾语是人或团体；france won the world cup in 1998, but lost in 2002.congratulations. you win.he beat me at chess. their recent wins have proved theyrtehestoilnl es to beat.53. cheer vi. 欢呼；喝彩； cheer for为欢呼 cheerful 兴奋的；兴致勃勃的，cheering crowds greeted their arrival.we all cheered for our football team as they came on the field.the crowd cheered the president when he drove slowly by.he felt cheerful and full of energy.他感到兴致勃勃，浑身布满活力；