人加班九年级上 unit 8知识点详解重点加练习 精华

1、让我们一起为了孩子的进步而努力！纳思书院Nice EducationUnit 8Ill help clean up the city park本讲知识清单：Important words & phrases Important sentences Grammar本讲重点： Important sentences & Grammar教学建议1. 课时：2小时2. 上课安排：本讲内容包含3个小章节：重点单词和词组；重点句子和语法。老师在上课时，可以根据学生情况调换章节顺序来讲解Important words教学建议单元重点单词： homeless, establish, major

2、, commitment, repair, similar, disabled, donation, pleasure, support, fetch, specially （建议12个左右，与下面讲解的重点单词匹配） 单元重点短语：give out, put off, set up, think up, take after, fix up, hand out, work out, unable to do, help sb. out （重点短语为本单元出现的新词组，10个左右，若是本单元的词组超过10个，可以挑出重要词组，剩下的编排到 课文重点短语 这一模块里面） 1. 本章节涵盖了3个板

3、块：单词，重点词组和课文重点词组。 2. 单词板块：讲解时主要以单词拆分记忆法&词的前后缀等方面来帮助学生记忆，同时，注重词性、词形的变化、词义的延伸和拓展、近义词汇的辨析、相关的固定搭配等。 3. 重点词组板块：挑出本单元重点短语进行精讲。 4. 课文重点词组板块：建议老师以抽查的形式，检验学生的背诵情况和掌握情况，同时，可以将不会的词组打钩，课后让学生继续巩固加强。单词·巧记·典句·考点1. homeless 'hmlis adj. 无家可归的【巧记提示】home(家)+less (较少的，无)【经典例句】Many homeless child

4、ren were saved by the government. 许多无家可归的孩子得到政府的救助。【考点聚焦】 homeless是派生词，-less接在名词或动词之后构成形容词，表示“无”之意。如: windless 无风的，wireless 无线的，hopeless 没有希望的，fearless 无畏的，勇敢的 careless 粗心的 helpless 无助的【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空Id like _ (help) sick people.He always makes mistakes. Hes a _ (care) boy.根据首字母填空。The earthquake d

5、estroyed the whole village. Many children became h_.2. establish is'tæbli v.建立 ，确立，创办【巧记提示】establish (v.)+ment =establishment (n.)建立，创立【经典例句】They decided to establish a nuclear power station. 他们决定建立一所核电站。【考点聚焦】establish=set up=found如：set up a new world record【活学活用】首字母填空Our company was e_ in

6、 1994.The company was f_ in America many years ago. The organization s_ _ in 1998 was supposed to help the disabled. 3. major 'meid adj. 主要的，重大的，如：a major road要道；a major city主要城市【经典例句】 There are two major political parties in the US. 在美国有两大政党。【考点聚焦】1. major 可以用作动词，与介词in连用，构成词组major in表示“主修”的意思。如

7、：Hes majoring in Political Science. 他主修政治学。2. major 还可用作名词，表示“主修科目”，如： My major is English. 3. major还可以作为形容词，表示“主要的”，如：He plays a major role in the movie. 【活学活用】根据首字母提示填空。There arent any m_ problems.Hi, Peter! What subject are you m_ in this term?4. commitment k'mitmnt n. 奉献，献身【巧记提示】commit(v. 承诺

8、，全心全意投入)+ment(名词后缀)【经典例句】I was moved by the commitment shown by the doctors during that SARS. 在“非典”期间，我被医生们的献身精神感动了。【考点聚焦】它作名词还可以表示“承诺”的意思。如：The company made a commitment to pay 5 million to Red Cross.那家公司承诺向红十字会提供5百万。Commitment 是派生词，-ment接在动词后可构成名词，如：development 发展；Management管理；disagreement分歧；enter

9、tainment 娱乐，乐趣；advertisement 广告；embarrassment尴尬；government政府【活学活用】根据首字母填空They are looking for someone with a real sense of c_ to the job.翻译句子我保证按时付房租。_. 5. repair ri'p v. 修理，修缮【巧记提示】re(再，又)+pair（双，对）【经典例句】They are repairing their house. 他们正在修房子。【考点聚焦】词义辨析fix up, repair和mendrepair “修理，修复”,其适用对象范围

10、很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品。如：Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？mend “修补”，包括用针、线来缝补，一般指较小之物。如：This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衬衣太旧不能补了。fix 侧重于“固定、安装”之意，指将松散的部件固定结实，或将分离的物体各部件装配起来。如：We fixed a picture on the wall. 我们把图画钉在墙上。【活学活用】用fix, repair, mend填空They are _ that old stone bridge.I

11、 asked the shoe-maker to _ my broken shoes.Can you _ this new button to the door?6. similar 'simil adj.相似的【巧记提示】dis+similar=dissimilar adj. 不相似的；A be similar to B“A与B相似”；similarity n.相似度【经典例句】The little boy is similar to his father. 这个小男孩与他父亲相似。【考点聚焦】注意与be the same as 的区别，be the same as 指“与相同”。如

12、：My hat is the same as yours. 我的帽子与你的相同。【活学活用】翻译句子黄金与黄铜在颜色上十分相似。 Gold _ _ in color _ brass.我的自行车与你的一样。My bike _ _ _ _ yours.这两个看起来长的相似的女生不在同一个班级。The two girls who _ _ arent in _ _ _ .Is this word similar _ that one?A as B to C at D with7. fill fil v. 充满，填充【经典例句】 He is the best person to fill this va

13、cancy 他是填补这一空缺的最好人选。【考点聚焦】词组fill sth. with sth. 用装满 be filled with sth. = be full of sth. 盛满的 fill in/ out the form填写表格 e.g.: You have filled my life with pleasure. 你让我的生活充满了快乐。 The cup was filled with water. = The cup was full of water. 杯子盛满了水。【活学活用】We'd better first _ the car _ petrol(汽油）at th

14、e petrol station.A fill； with B full； with C fill； of D full； ofThe room is f_ of students. If you want to be admitted to this school, you have to get the form f_. 8. pleasure 'ple n. 愉快，快乐，高兴 【巧记提示】pleasepleasure n. （-ure是名词的后缀）【经典例句】What a great pleasure to spend the holiday with you! 能和你们一起度过

15、假期是件多么开心的事情呀！【考点聚焦】1）短语辨析 Its my pleasure./ My pleasure./ Its a pleasure. 不用谢。 with pleasure. 很高兴能帮助你，乐意效劳e.g.:-Thank you very much for helping my family. 十分感谢您对我们家庭的帮助。- Its my pleasure. 不用客气。-Could you do me a favor to pass me the salt? 能麻烦您帮我递一下盐吗？ -With pleasure. 我的荣幸。2）pleasure的形容词为pleased“感到满意

16、的，感到高兴的”和pleasant“令人满意的”，前者常常用来修饰人，后者用于修饰物，常见短语为：sb. be pleased with sth/ sb., sb. be pleased at sth “某人对感到满意”，如：She is really pleased with the results and the results are really pleasant. 【活学活用】-Excuse me, could you please help me carry the heavy box?-_A Yes, I can. B It doesnt matter. C With pleas

17、ure. D Dont mention it.The leaves in the boiling water produced a p_ smell. Its really p_ to meet you here so Im a extremely p_. 9. fetch fet v. 拿来去，取来【经典例句】Dont forget to fetch me the book when you return. 不要忘记回来时把我的书带回来。【考点聚焦】词义辨析bring, take, carry, fetch(1) bring 指“带来”，例如：He brought a new book to

18、 me. 他带给我一本新书。 (2) take 指“带走”，例如：Please take the letter to the post office. 请帮我把这封信送到邮局。(3) fetch指“到别处去取回来”，相当于go and bring/get，例如：Please fetch some wood for the fire. 请去拿些木头来烧火。(4) carry指“携带”或者“搬运”，不特指方向，例如：Let me carry the box for you. 请让我替你拿这个箱子吧。【活学活用】Lucy, could you help me _ the heavy box to m

19、y room?A bring B fetch C carry D getMy book was b_ to school by my best friend. You have to _ with you an umbrella in case it rains. A bring B fetch C carry D get 10. support sp:t v. 支持，帮助，维持 n. 支撑，支持者【巧记提示】supportsupporter n.支持者【经典例句】You can get support if you are in any trouble. 如果你遇到任何麻烦，你都会获得支援。

20、【考点聚焦】support经常用作动词的时候，有固定短语support sb. to do sth “支持某人做” 或support sb. with sth“支持某人做”，相当于help sb. with sth. e.g: I will support you to work out the English project.我会助你解决你的英语作业的。She has really to work hard to support her family.她得努力工作来养家糊口。【活学活用】The family s_ the little daughter to go abroad for fu

21、rther study. 翻译: 假若没有你的帮助我不可能成功的。_. He has won millions of s_ since his album became a great hit in his state. 11. donation dunein n. 捐赠，赠送；捐赠物【经典例句】Employee make regular donations to charity. 员工定期向慈善机构捐赠。【考点聚焦】词性辨析 n. donation v. donate donator n.捐赠者eg: They volunteered a donation to the red cross.

22、 他们自愿为红十字会提供捐助。He frequently donates large sums to charity. 他常常向慈善机构捐赠大笔款项。【活学活用】For the last three years, he _ his blood many times.A donates B donate C had donated D has donated 12. specially speli adv. 专门，特地，特别地【巧记提示】special (adj.特别的，特殊的，珍贵的)+lyspecially (adv.)【经典例句】I specially come here to visit

23、 you.我特地来这里拜访你。【考点聚焦】especially 为副词，“尤其，特别”，而specially为副词，“专门，特地，特别地”，如：I want to read more books, especially those written by Shakespeare. 我要多看书，特别是莎士比亚写的作品。 He would talk to the “Animal Helpers” to see if it would be possible for me to get a specially trained dog. 他说他会和“动物帮手”谈谈看是否我可以获得一只专门训练过的小狗。【

24、活学活用】This kind of doorbell is s_ designed for the deaf. We find English is really important, e_ travelling to those English-speaking countries短语·巧记·典句·考点1. give out 分发；发放，相当于hand out . 【经典例句】Please give out the candies to the children. 请把这些糖果发给孩子们。【考点聚焦】give 的其他词组：give in 让步，投降；give u

25、p (doing sth) 放弃（做某事）；give off 发出（光、气体、烟等） give away 赠送，捐献，显露give back 归还 give sb a hand 给予帮助；give sb. five互相击掌庆祝【活学活用】选用give up/ give off/ give in/ give out/give away填空。1. They would rather try and fail than _ the plan.2. The enemy was forced to _.3. He has refused to _ any information on the matte

26、r.4. The light _blue light at night.5. Bill Gates is a kind-hearted man. Every year he _ a lot of money to the poor people.2. put off 推迟，拖延 【经典例句】We cant put off making a plan. 我们不能推迟制定计划。【考点聚焦】该词组是“动词+副词”结构。此类结构的词组若接代词作宾语，代词必须置于动词和副词之间。如：clean them up; 若接名词作宾语，则名词的位置不固定，可放中间也可放后面。如：clean up the cla

27、ssroom=clean the classroom up。take off飞机（事业）起飞；脱下 go off 发出响声give of发出（光、气体、烟等） turn off 关闭cut off 切断供应 fall off 从落下来knock off出发，从撞下来 set off出发，激发，引发run off急冲 get off下车keep off阻挡 see off送别put off推迟 有关put的短语：put up 举起，挂起，张贴 put on 穿上Put away 把收起来 put out 扑灭，熄灭【活学活用】The sports meeting will be _ becaus

28、e of the heavy rain.A put off B put on C putting off D put up-Do we have to do it right away?-Yes. We cant _.A put off it B put it off C put them off D put off themThe boy who _ the notice there is my cousin.A put off B puts off C is putting up D is putting3. set up 设立，建立【经典例句】A new government was s

29、et up after the war. 新政府于战后成立。【考点聚焦】set up/build/found的区别1）set up 常用于设备和仪器的“设置”，后面也可接具体事务或学说、组织等。例：Edison set up a chemical lab at the age of ten.2）build (up) “建造，积累”，主要是指建造实际的物体，如房屋、铁路等，例：It took the workers 10 months to build the bridge.3）found “建立”，多用于指建立国家、政党、军队等，且多用于被动语态。例：The PRC was founded i

30、n 1949.【活学活用】The government decided to _ a building for the homeless people.A found B set up C build D put up 4. think up 想出（主意、办法等） 【经典例句】The strategies that he thought up(=came with )worked out fine. 他想出的策略奏效了。【考点聚焦】think up相当于come up with think的其他短语；think about考虑，认为；think of想起，关心，考虑；think over仔细考

31、虑；think to oneself自己想【活学活用】He couldnt _ an answer at the time.A think over B think about C think of D thought of This photo made me _ my grandpa. A think over B think of C think up D think out 5. take after 与某人相像【经典例句】I take after my father. 我像我爸爸。【考点聚焦】这是一个“动词+介词”的固定搭配，要注意look like和take after的区别1）l

32、ook like 可以用于所有场合，即可指人也可指物，但只指外表看上去像。例：The man looks like our boss.2）take after 指长得像；行为、性格等像，尤其是像自己的长辈=be similar to 例：Mary really takes after her mother. They are both outgoing.3）look after 照顾，照看=take care of【活学活用】用take after/look like/look after的适当形式填空。1. The girl is quiet. She _ her mother.2. Jac

33、k _ his twin brother. They are both tall and have curly hair.3. The photo doesnt _ her at all.4. Im going to Hainan next week. Could you help me _ my dog for a few days?6. fix up 修理【经典例句】 He now has 16 bikes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes. 他现在要修理16辆自行车，修理好之后用来赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。H

34、e asked me for help of fixing up his computer. 他让我帮忙修理他的电脑。【考点聚焦】fix up 还有“安排”的意思，如： His parents fixed him up with a job. 他父母给他安排了一个工作。【活学活用】Could you tell me _ the bike without any help this morning?A how does he fix up B how he fixes up C how he fixed up D how did he fix up 根据汉语提示拼写单词的正确形式They are

35、 _ (修理) that old stone bridge.I asked the shoe-maker to _ (修补) my broken shoes.Can you _ (安装) this new button to the door?7. hand out 分发【经典例句】 One of my jobs is to hand out the prizes to shoes who deserve them. 我的职责之一是把奖品分发给那些值得拥有它们的人。【拓展】词组辨析： hand in 上交； hand on 传递； hand out 分发e.g.: You should han

36、d in you examination paper in time. 你应该及时上交考卷。 His company will be handed on to his successor. 他的公司会转交给他的继任者。 Will you help me to hand the materials for the lecture? 你可以帮我分发演讲材料吗？【活学活用】用hand out, hand in 或者hand on 的适当形式填空1）Please read this notice and _ it _.2）The students are _ their homework _.3）Th

37、ey _ _ the apples to the children just now.8. work out v. 结局，结果为【经典例句】I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice. 我很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。【拓展】work out 的其他用法1） 想出：It was the best solution that he was able to work out at that time. 这是他那时能想出的最好的解决方法了。2） 理解，同义词词组为figure out：I cant work out the meanin

38、g of this poem. 我理解不了这首诗歌的意思。3） 解决： Can you work out the math problem? 你能解出这道数学题吗？work 的其他词组：work on/ at sth 致力于，work for 为而工作，be at work 在上班，be off work下班【活学活用】Its impossible to _ the math problem in such a short time.A work out B work on C work at D work forPlease get the math problem w_ out. The

39、little boy has to work _ a press and deliver newspapers every morning so as to make a living. A on B for C out D as 9. be unable to do 没有能力做【经典例句】 We were unable to reach you on that number. 我们没法用那个号码联系到你。【拓展】词义辨析：unable adj.不能的，不会的；disable v. 使残疾，使不中用，ability n.能力He would have been unable to contro

40、l his actions. 他将会无法控制自己的行为了。If we can disable the gate, wed disrupt his supply network. 如果我们能禁止大门，我们就切断了他的供电网络。We should offer our help to the disabled people. 我们应该主动提供帮助给残疾人。【活学活用】The deaf _ hear, but they can also learn music and dance.A is able to B are able to C is unable to D are unable to 10

41、.help sb. out 帮谁摆脱困境，解决问题【经典例句】 Is there anything I can do to help out? 有什么我能帮助你的吗？【拓展】help相关词组1) help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”，如：Id like to help my mother (to) cook dinner. 我愿意帮助妈妈做饭。2) help sb. with sth. “帮助某人完成某事”，如：Mr. Lin often helps me with my English. 林老师经常帮我复习英语。3) help sb. out “帮助某人解决问题”，

42、如：He asked me to come along and help him out. 他请我一起去帮帮他的忙。4) cant help doing sth “情不自禁做”，如：She cannot help laughing when hearing the funny joke. 5) help oneself to sth “自便”，如：Please help yourselves to some fish. 【活学活用】Why not _ Tom _ his math?A help to B help with C helping to D helping with Many te

43、ens work part-time during the school year, and more youths may take jobs to _ with family finances.A help out B help C help to D help onMy mother asked the guests to help t_ to dishes. 课文重点短语 1.clean ( it , them ) up把它（它们）打扫干净，收拾整齐 2.cheer sb. up=make sb. happier 使高兴，使振作3.come up with ( it , them )

44、= think ( it , them ) up 提出，想出 4.put( it , them ) off (doing sth) 推迟(做某事) put( it , them ) off把它（它们）推迟5.put off sth to / till / until 把sth推迟到，拖延到6.put ( it , them ) on 把它（它们）穿上，上演 7.put away 把收好8.write ( it , them )down 写下，记下 9.put ( it , them )up 张贴10.hand ( it , them ) out = give out分发，发放 11.hand

45、( it , them ) in = give ( it , them ) in 上交12.give ( it , them ) away 捐赠13.give ( it , them ) back = return sth 归还 14.give ( it , them ) up = drop 放弃 15.set ( it , them ) up = establish 建立 16.fix ( it , them ) up 修理 17.work ( it , them ) out 制定出，算出18.work out well ( fine ) 效果好19.help sb. out = give

46、sb. help帮助. 摆脱困境，解决难题20.help ( to ) do sth.帮忙做21.help sb. with sth. = help sb. ( to ) do sth. 帮某人做22.cant help doing 情不自禁做23.help yourself ( yourselves ) to sth. 随便吃24.work on ( it , them ) 从事，致力于25.belong to ( it , them ) 属于26.look at ( it , them ) 看27.listen to( it , them ) 听28.get on / off ( it ,

47、 them ) 上/ 下（公共汽车）29.get into / out of ( it , them ) 上/ 下（小汽车，出租车）30.get over them 克服它们31.take after ( him, her , them ) = be like = look like = be similar to sb.在性格或长相方面与他相象32.look after ( it , them ) = take care of ( it , them ) 照看33.be similar to ( it , them ) 与相似34.ask for ( it , them ) 索要 ；要求 3

48、5.run out of ( it , them ) = use( it , them ) up 用完，耗尽 36.call sb. up = ring sb. up = give sb. a call/ring = call/ telephone sb.= make a telephone call with sb. 给某人打电话37.two weeks from now ( on ) = in two weeks = in two weeks time 两周后38.be unable to do = be not able to do 没能力做 39.sing songs for sb.

49、= sing sb. songs 为某人唱歌40.fetch sth. for sb. 为某人取来sth41.fill + 容器with sth. 用sth装满 42.be filled with = be full of 被装满了43.a friend of mine = one of my friends我的一个朋友44.be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家园45.make it possible for sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事成为可能46.not only.but also 不但而且 （主语就近原则）47.sick kid

50、s ( children ) 生病的孩子48.homeless people 无家可归的人49.work outside / inside 在外面/里面工作50.volunteer ones time to do sth 自愿花时间干51.putto good use 让发挥作用 52.learn more about 学到更多关于的内容 53.feel good about 对于感觉好 54.elementary school 小学55.coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球队56.start a Chinese History club 开办一个中国史俱

51、乐部57.ask sb. for sth 向某人要某物58.a call-in center for parents 家长热线59.make money 赚钱60.hang out 闲荡 61.test papers 试卷62.put up signs asking for singing jobs 张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告63.run out of money for singing lessons 学唱歌的钱用完了64.disabled people 残疾人 65.for sure = you see 确实如此，毫无疑问66.a specially trained dog 一只经过特殊训练的

52、狗67.train sb. to do sth 训练某人干. 68.face challenges 面对挑战69.after school study program 课外学习班70.throw it/them away 把它/他们 扔掉71.set off 出发72.invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人到某地73.thank sb. for doing sth 为某事而感谢某人Important sentences教学建议本单元重点句型：本单元以复习、辨析和运用动词词组为中心，同时巩固复习定语从句，非谓语动词等的用法。 在句子分析的时候还重点突出讲解了一部分不定代词的用法。本章节的句子是从section A- self-check课文中挑出的复杂的句子。1. 重点指导学生简单句&复合句&非谓语动词的功能&句子结构和成分划分等方面的技巧。同时在句子中穿插讲解本单元重点语法，让学生牢固掌握虚拟语气的用法。2. 在句子剖析完后，安排适当的针对性练习，可以是同义句转换题，也可以是单项选择。3. 课文中的交际用语，可以通过问答形式呈现。句子·剖析·拓展 1. Not