十大逻辑关系关联词总结

1、.完型文章中常见的上下文（句）逻辑关系并列关系 &部分常用标志词和短语and, and also, or, neither eithernor, notr, only also,butlikewise,similarly,equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same as;递进关系 &部分常用标志词和短语also,then,besides,additionally,in addition,furthermore,moreover,what is more;indeed;因果关系 &部分常用标志词和短

2、语because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so .that, such .torderthat,consequently,accordingly,dueto, thanks to, in responseto,on accountof, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result,for this reason;转折关系 &部分常用标志词和短语but, however, yet, contrarily, o

3、n the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand,unfortunately;让步关系 &部分常用标志词和短语although, though, even though, even if, even, nevertheless, despite, in spite of;regardless of;anyway, anyhow列举（顺序）关系 &部分常用标志词和短语firstsecondlast of all, in the first placein the second placefinally, to beginwithtoco

4、ntinue,first then,ononehand ontheotherhand,for onething for another, one another, some others still others;对比关系 &部分常用标志词和短语while, whereas, as, / rather than, instead of, not . but;时间关系 &部分常用标志词和短语when,whenever,before,after,since,as, while,until,till,simultaneously,meanwhile, in the meantime,

5、 at the same time;条件关系 &部分常用标志词和短语if, only if, if only, unless, otherwise, as soon as, as long as, in case, suppose that,supposing that, provided that, providing that, when, whenever, with;举例关系 &部分常用标志词和短语such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them), among (these, those,them),

6、toillustrate,asan illustration,to take anexample,more specificallyspeaking, namely;关联词运用实例说明1 表示举例说明a case in point, after all, as a proof, as an illustration, as an example, forexample, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, such, specifically, that is, toillustrate, to demonstratea) Many so

7、uthern cities are growing above the national average Atlanta is acase in point.b) The news about calcium and kidney stones is a case in point.c) Prisoners shouldbe treated with respect they are human beings after all.'.d) These are, after all, very familiar species.e) It's extremely expensiv

8、e to live in New York. For example, I pay $1, 250for a one-bedroom apartment.f) Many countries, for example Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes.g) Old English was in many ways similar to Modern German. For instance, thenouns, adjectives, and verbs were highly inflected.h) We need to rethink

9、the way we consume energy. Take, for instance, our approach to transport.i) Automobile prices in particular have fallen in recent months.j) His last album sold half a million copies and we hope this one will be just as(=equally) popular.k) One of the most important stages has yet to be started, name

10、ly beginning to fit the person into their new job.1) The issues are in two main clusters, namely the safety and the pricing and procurement of drugs.m) The rules make it quite clear what should be done in such a situation.n) We're talking about moneyspecifically, the money we need to repair ours

11、chools.o) One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.2 表示增补意义additionally,again, along with,also, and,and then,as well as, besides,equally,even, further,furthermore,in addition,in otherwords,justas, likewise,moreover,not only.but also, similarly, to put it ano

12、ther way, to repeat, then, too, what's morea) They may also additionally represent much more; they may indeed have a highly integrating social function.b) And again, these workshops will benefit the community considerably.c) Dunne was murdered, along with three guards.d) Sugar is bad for your te

13、eth. It can also contribute to heart disease.e)Thisis a flexibleanduser-friendlysystemsuitableforbeginnersandadvanced users alike.f) Fry the onions gently, and then add the meat and cook for a few minutes.g) The organization gives help and support to people in need, as well as raisingmoney for local

14、 charities.h) People choose jobs for other reasons besides money.i) We want the economy to grow, but equally we want low inflation.j) It is possible to make good movies cheaply. Further, "low-budget" doesn'thave to mean "bad. "k)ThemajorityofAmericansincreasedtheirwealthinthe

15、pastdecade.Furthermore, the gains were substantial.l) A new security system was installed. In addition, extra guards were hired.m) The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition, it makes shareware freely available.'.n) The tax only affects people on incomes over $200, 000 in other word

16、s, the very rich.o) The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent.p) Using language is a very complex enterprise. Moreover, there is more tocommunication than merely putting sentences together.q) The system was not only complicated but also ineffective.r) The cost of food and clothi

17、ng has come down in recent years. Similarly, fuelprices have fallen quite considerably.s) Money makes money. To put it another way, the more you invest, the greater your potential profit will be.t) The problem demands a global solution. To put it another way, localregulations will have very little e

18、ffect.u) First you need to collect all the information and make detailed notes. Then you can start to actually write your essay.v) Think about what you owe, too, in terms of mortgages, credit cards, loansor hire purchase.w) Gas is a very efficient fuel. And what' s more, it's clean. 3 表示强调ab

19、ove all, anyway,as a matterof fact,certainly,indeed,in fact,in particular,most important, obviously, of course, surely, to be sure, truly, undoubtedly, without doubta) Although it is somewhat limited in its applications it is easy to operate and above all it is fun.b) He got lost and spent hours loo

20、king for the station, and anyway it was past midnight by the time he got home.c) And, as a matter of fact, the U. S. Golf Association was delighted.d) Books and people certainly affected him.e) Most of the essays were very good indeed.f) Her teachers said she was a slow learner, whereas in fact she

21、was partiallydeaf.g) Automobile prices in particular have fallen in recent months.h) But the reverseis truewhen an attorneyrepresentsa person who is obviouslyguilty or whose guilt is widely perceived.i) Thisisveryobviouslytheapproachofsomeone writingexclusivelyandspecifically for the young.j) Of cou

22、rse there will be some difficult times ahead.k) If a sign were needed that the Internet has become a real market, thearrival of tax avoidance is surely it.l) Throwing money at the problem is surely not the way to convince people of sincerity.m) It was difficult, to be sure, but somehow we managed to

23、 finish the job.n) If we truly believe we can win, then we have a very good chance at doingit.o) Undoubtedly, public interest in folk music has declined.'.p) Sally was without doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school. 10 表示顺序and, besides, finally, first, firstly, further, in the first plac

24、e, last, next, second, secondly, third, thirdly, to begin with, to start with,a) It also assigned staff people to work with individual companies that wanted to launch a program.b)Thisis a flexibleanduser-friendlysystemsuitableforbeginnersandadvanced users alike.c) You need to know what tights you ha

25、ve and how to use them.d) Besides going to aerobics twice a week, she tides horses on Saturdays.e) And finally, I' d like to thank the crew.f) First, I'd like to thank everyone for coming.g) The application of the five stages to the task illustrated would involve, firstly, the definition of

26、the task.h) It is possible to make good movies cheaply. Further, "low-budget" doesn't have to mean "bad. "i) And there i. s the question of the relevance of the trading of information in the first place.j) Connect the red wires first and the black ones last.k) First you need

27、to select the text you want to move. Next, click on the "Move"command at the top of the screen.l) But, second, in the vast majority of markets, efficient production can be attained with a high degree of competition.m) The more you practise the better you will become at selecting historical

28、 information to suit firstly your essay and secondly your argument.n) To begin with, much of this new housing is not affordable.o) I' m not going to Vegas. To start with, I don' t like gambling, and I also can' t get time off work.3 、观点转折，反面论证4 表示对比或对照by contrast, but, conversely, in con

29、trast, instead, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, whereas, while, yeta) The birth rate for older women has declined, but, by contrast, births to teenage mothers have increased.b) The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but to provide work for young people.c) Ameri

30、can consumers prefer white eggs; conversely, British buyers like brown eggs.d) Scandinavian cruises are very popular in the summer; conversely, the Carib bean is most popular in the winter.e) The stock lost 60 cents a share, in contrast to last year, when it gained 21 cents.f) Instead of being annoy

31、ed, he seemed quite pleased.'.g) It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.h) Nuclear power is relatively cheap. On the other hand, you could argue thatit's not safe.i) It is equally vital that both should be mentioned, otherwise a client, particularly a buyer, could

32、be seriously misled.j) Unlike most people in the office, I don't come to work by car.k) A bowl of instant oatmeal costs about $1. 5, whereas regular oatmeal costsonly $0. 5 per bowl.l) The old system was fairly complicated whereas the new system is really very simple.m) Schools in the north tend

33、 to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor.n) Last summer there was a drought, yet some people were still watering their lawns every day.5 表示比较by comparison, equally, equally important, in comparison, in the same way, in the same manner, like, likewise, similarlya) Aftermon

34、thsof living in a tropicalclimate,Spain seemed cool by comparison.b) By comparison with other European countries, car prices in the UK are veryhigh.c) Even when the correct word was given a high probability, there were many other words with an equally high probability.d) Many business people do not

35、know what sexual harassment is. Equally important, they do not know how to prevent it.e) an extremely unpleasant disease which is, however, easy to treatf) Cotton production was on the increase. However, it was still a small industrycompared to hemp and canvas production.g) The deaf children of hear

36、ing parents are almost normal in comparison, having everything except language experience.h) There is often stronger social control evident in the socialisation of girls in comparison to boys.i) Good management accounts separate the well-organised from the rest but are not vital in the same way.j) I

37、 don't want him treating me like Jim treated me.k) The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent.l) The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent years. Similarly, fuelprices have fallen quite considerably.6 表示让步admittedly, after all, all the same, although, certainly, c

38、learly, even so, it is true (that), in spite of, nevertheless, of course, still, truea) The technique is painful, admittedly, but it benefits the patient greatly.b) Printing and presentation should be as attractive as possible after all the library is an attractive place, isn't it?c) I realise s

39、he can be very annoying, but I think you should apologise all the'.same.d) We decided to take rooms in Longwood House, although we knew we could not really afford the rent.e) We are not especially well-treated, certainly not as well as the locals.f) Clearly, the racial problems in America have n

40、o easy answers.g) The fines for speeding are large, but even so, they are not always adeterrent.h) And it is true that after his death she ceased to exist for the world beyond the farm.i) But in spite of the hardships, real efforts and progress are being made.j) A false belief may nevertheless be ju

41、stified.k) Though employment growth is down, the area is still attracting health care,high tech, banking and sports-related industries.8 表示转折although, but, despite, except for, though, however, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, though, yeta) You can copy

42、down my answers, although I'm not sure if they're right.b) In the US it is normal for the police to carry guns, but not in Britain.c) Despite international pressure, progress has slowed in the peace talks.d) Pen Pros: Except for personal letters, handwritten notes are withering intoextinctio

43、n.e) The rooms, though small, were pleasant and airy.f) This is a cheap and simple process. However there are dangers.g) In spite of her success, Spencer continues to get depressed.h) Cardew did not join the navy. Instead, he decided to join the theater andbecome an actor.i) Thus we can talk of a lo

44、cal government system which is different from acentral government system but nevertheless interacts with it.j)Reintroductionoffoodafterelementalregimensmustneverthelessbeundertaken with the greatest of care irrespective of whether or not eliminationdiets are used.k) The hamburger was tough and overc

45、ooked. The fries, on the other hand,were terrific, and well worth the money.l) Stir the sauce until it cools, otherwise it will be lumpy.m) It presumes that reality is dynamic rather than static, and therefore seeks relationships between ideas, to aim at synthesis.n) There is no important theory-bas

46、ed reason why these countries rather than others were selected.o) The offenders were dealt with firmly though fairly.p) They charge incredibly high prices, yet customers keep coming back formore.7 表示结果accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thus'.a) Some of the laws were contradictory. Accordingly, measures were taken to clarify them.b) As many as 2, 500 people died as a result of the e