高中生物 第7章 第2节 现代生物进化理论的主要内容课件 新人教版必修2 (59)

1、必修必修 3 Unit 5Canada“The True North” 重点单词重点单词1. _adj. 首要的；主要的；基本的 2. _ n. 洲；大陆3. vi.& n. 聊天；闲聊4. _n. 景色；风景5. _adv. 向东adj.向东的；朝东的6. _adv. 向上地；上升地adj.上升的；向上的7. _vt.& vi. 包围；围绕_n.（复数）周围的事物；环境 _adj. 周围的8. _vi.& vt. 测量；衡量；判定n.计量制；计量单位；措施9. _prep.& adv. 在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上10. _ prep. 在之内11. _n.

2、边界；国界；边沿 vt.& vi.与接壤；接近primecontinentchatsceneryeastwardupwardsurroundsurroundingssurroundingmeasureaboardwithinborder学生用书见P75 重点单词重点单词slightslightlyurbanmixmixtureconfirmwealthydistancemistmistydowntown12._adj. 轻微的；微小的 _adv. 稍稍；轻微地13. _adj. 城市的；市镇的14. _vt.& vi. 混合；调配_n. 混合（物）；混合状态15. _vt. 证

3、实；证明；批准16. _adj. 富有17. _n. 距离；远方18. _n. 薄雾_adj. 有薄雾的；模糊的19. _ adj. 市区的adv.在市区；往市区 重点单词重点单词approximatelydawnbroadtraditionterrifyterrifiedterrifyingpleasedimpressimpressive20._adv. 接近；大约21. _n. 黎明；拂晓；破晓22. _adj. 宽阔的；广泛的23. _ adv. 在附近adj.附近的；邻近的24. _vt. 使恐怖；恐吓_adj. 恐惧的；受惊吓的_ adj. 令人恐惧的25. _adj. 欣喜的；高兴

4、的；愉快的26. _ vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记_adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 重点短语重点短语rather thansettle downcatch sight ofhave a gift forin the distanceat dawnlook over.rush through.1._ 与其；不愿2. _ 定居；平静下来；专心于3. _ 看见；瞥见4. _ 对有天赋5. _ 在远处6._ 在黎明时刻7. _ 眺望8. _ 穿行过1.“the+序数词+形容词的最高级”结构It is the second largest country in the world. (教材P33)2.r

5、ather than结构用法Rather than take the airplane all the way， they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. (教材P34) 重点句型重点句型3.独立主格结构作伴随状语It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall， some measuring over 90 meters. (教材P34)4.as far as的用法Its too bad you cant go

6、 as far as Ottawa， Canadas capital. (教材P38) 重点句型重点句型语法要点语法要点同位语从句The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. (教材P34)surround vt.& vi.包围；围绕People say it is Canadas most beautiful city， surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. (教材P34)人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。1学生用书见P

7、76 surround.with. 用包围 be surrounded by/with. 被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境(1) surroundings多指具体环境。 environment多指人文环境。 The best way to learn English is to surround yourself with it. 将自己沐浴在英语的氛围中，这是学习英语的最好方法。 By no means can you imagine that he should say “How can I work when I am sur

8、rounded by idiots?” to his colleagues. 你绝对想象不到他居然对他的同事说：“和那么多白痴在一起，我怎么能工作呢？” He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded by the police.他试图逃跑，但发现已被警方包围时只好放弃了这个念头。 From the top of the hill you can see all the surrounding countryside.从山顶上你可以看到周围的山村。 The little girl grew up in beau

9、tiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment. 这个小女孩成长的周边环境很好，但家庭环境不幸福。measure vt.& vi.测量；衡量；判定 n.办法，措施；尺寸，计量单位It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall， some measuring over90 metres. （教材P34）那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。2 measure.by. 用来衡量 be measured by/in. 用来衡量/计算(2) take meas

10、ures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 take measures/steps/action against sth. 采取措范某事 take sbs measure=take the measure of sb.给某人 量尺寸 make sth.to sbs measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 in some measure 在某种程度上；稍微，多多少少； in large measures 在很大程度上 (1) The nurse weighed me and measured my height.护士称了一下我的体重，然后量了一下我的身高。 You sho

11、uld take effective measures to improve your working conditions.你们应采取有效措施来改善你们的工作条件。 In the old days， my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。 His success was in some measure the result of perseverance.他获得成功在一定程度上是他坚持不懈的结果。 You cant measur

12、e someone by the clothes they wear.你不能以衣着衡量一个人。confirm vt.证实；证明(尤指提供证据来证明)；批准The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red， gold and orange， and there was frost on the ground， confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. （教材P38）第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面上覆盖了

13、一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。3 confirm+n./代词/that-从句证实/确定/使坚定 It has been confirmed that. 已经确定(2)confirmation n.证实；确认；批准(3)confirmed adj.证实的；惯常的(1) The experiment confirmed his theory.那实验证实了他的理论。 The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.最近的空难坚定了我的信念，即我们需要更有力的安全措施

14、。 He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的一段时间内担任队长。 It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.已经确定会议于下周召开。distance n距离；远方，遥远；疏远In the distance， they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls， which is on the south side of th

15、e lake. （教材P38）远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。4 at/from a distance 隔一段距离；从远处 at a distance of 在远的地方 In the distance 在远方 keep sb.at a distance 对冷淡，与疏远 keep ones distance from 与保持距离(2)distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的(1) All of a sudden, a tiger appeared from a distance, running towards them.突然，远方出现一只老虎，正朝他们飞奔而来

16、。 The railway station is at a distance of two miles away from our school.火车站离我们学校有两英里的路程。 I saw some smoke in the distance.我看到远处有些烟。 Its better for you to keep him at a distance.你最好不要和他亲近。impress vt.使铭记；铭刻；给留下极深的印象What impress you?（教材P39）什么让你印象深刻？5 impress sth.on/upon sb. impress sb.with sth. be imp

17、ressed by/at 留下印象 be impressed on ones mind/memory 被印在脑海里 impression n.印象;感想 have/leave/make a/an.impression on sb. 给某人留下的印象（3）impressive adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的(1)(2)使某人牢记某事 His parents try to impress on him that it is very important to be honest.他的父母尽力让他记住诚实是很重要的。 Her words were impressed on my me

18、mory.她的话语使我铭记在心。 My father impressed me with the value of hard work.父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。 I was deeply impressed by/at/with his speech.他的演说给我留下了深刻的印象。 I get the distinct impression that were not wanted here.我们明显感到我们在这里不受欢迎。manage to do something 设法做某事Earlier that day， when they crossed the Rocky Mountains

19、， they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(教材P34）火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。1学生用书见P77manage to do sth.表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果，相当于succeed in doing sth。 try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作。 try doing sth.表示“尝试着做某事”。 Though we left home very late， we managed

20、 to catch the last bus.尽管我们出门很晚，但我们赶上了末班车。 Philosophers try to find the answers to these questions by using logic.哲学家试图用逻辑的方法找到这些问题的答案。 Why not try using a new method to solve the problem? 为何不尝试用一种新方法来解决这道难题呢？catch sight of 看见；发现Earlier that day， when they crossed the Rocky Mountains， they catch sig

21、ht of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. (教材P34）火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。2at first sight 乍看起来at the sight of 一看见in sight 在看得见的范围内lose sight of 看不见，没看见lose ones sight 丧失视力out of sight 在看不见的地方 I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus.我看到公共汽车的后面有一个空座位。

22、At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.乍看起来，他们的要求似乎蛮合理的。 Suddenly they got separated，and then lost sight of each other.突然，他们分开了，看不见彼此。rather than 结构用法Rather than take the aeroplane all the way， they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. (教材P34)她们不想一路

23、乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再乘火车从西向东横穿加拿大到达东海岸。1学生用书见P77rather than意为“宁愿而不愿；而不是”，侧重句子主语或说话人主观上的选择，其后常用动词原形。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词（短语）、动名词、分词、不定式、动词等， 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 would rather do sth.than do sth. would do sth.rather than do sth. prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.（2）would r

24、ather从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示过去的愿望。宁愿做而不愿做（1） I think he, rather than you, is to blame.（连接两个代词）我想不是你，而是他应受责备。 They were charging us by volume rather than by weight.（连接介词短语）他们是按体积而不是按重量向我们收费。 Rather than make money in this way, I prefer to starve to death. （连接两个动词短语）我宁愿饿死也不愿以这种方式赚钱。 We w

25、ould rather go on with the experiment than give it up.我们宁愿把这个实验进行下去，而不愿放弃不做。 Old as he is, he would work rather than sit idle.他虽已年迈，但他宁愿工作也不愿闲着。 I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside.我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假。 Id rather you hadnt told him the truth.我宁愿你没把事实真相告诉他。vas far as 的用法Its too bad you

26、 cant go as far as Ottawa， Canadas capital. (教材P38) 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。2as far as在本句中后跟名词，意为“远到”，“直到”，强调至某一指明地点或距离。在否定句中，也可用so far as。as far as作从属连词时，意为“就来说”“在范围内”，引导状语从句，强调程度或范围，从句中动词常用know，see，remember，concern等，相当于so far as。as/so far as I am concerned 就我而言as far as the eye can/could see 就视力所能及as

27、/so far as it goes 在有限程度上（通常指不满意） Standing here， you can see as far as the foot of the hill.站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。 She didnt go as/so far as the others (did).她走得不像其他人那样远。 As far as I know， it is convenient to do shopping in that small town.就我所知，在那座小城市里购物很方便。 Besides， as far as he was concerned， what other

28、 people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为别人的想法不是最重要的。 Its a good plan as far as it goes, but there are a lot of things they havent thought of.从某种程度上来说，这是一个好的计划，但是他们还有很多东西没有考虑到。独立结构的用法独立结构的用法It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall， some measuring over 90 metres.（教材P34）那儿的湿度

29、很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。3some measuring over 90 meters 是独立结构作状语，起补充说明作用。独立结构通常由名词通格或代词主格+v.-ing分词，v.-ed分词，不定式，形容词，副词或介词词组等成分构成，通常在句中起状语分句的作用。 Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the companys basic businesses will be divided into five groups, each with its own executive.在重组过程中，

30、这个控制着整个公司的基本业务的巨大的组织机构将会被分为5个小组，每一个小组都有自己的业务主管。 So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.这么多人缺席，会议不得不被取消。 The meeting over, they all went home.会议一结束，他们就都回家了.品句填词品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）1.He responded to an e-mail from his boss, the director of the arts and culture program, (confirm

31、) that he is available for lunch.【答案】【答案】confirming2. (surround) by tall trees and all kinds of flowers, our school looks very beautiful. Every spring many visitors come to visit our school and take photos.【答案】【答案】 surrounded3.The university held a very （impress） opening ceremony and all the student

32、s were very happy.【答案】【答案】impressive学生用书见P794.If you match that glove against this, you will find that one is (slight) lighter than the other. 【答案】【答案】slightly5. (tradition) in China, businessmen are looked down upon, and depicted as（描写成） corrupt, while government leaders, scholars and workers are h

33、ighly respected. 【答案】【答案】Traditionally6.Youd better not take Lily going horse riding； she （terrify） of horses since childhood.【答案】【答案】has been terrified7. According to the United Nations, up to two-thirds of the forest and its unique plants and wildlife could be lost by 2040 unless more effective me

34、asures (take) to protect it.【答案】【答案】are taken8. Each country should develop and pursue its own program the limits of national resources.【答案】【答案】within9.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy， （wealth） and wise.【答案】【答案】wealthy10.My parents didnt expect me to have agift music; they didnt t

35、hink that I would become a musician, so they allowed me to do whatever I wanted【答案】【答案】for.单句改错单句改错（含词汇和本单元的语法）1.Small tsunamis were observed along the coast, measured between 10 and 20 centimeters, said the expert.【答案】【答案】measuredmeasuring 2.I turned to her and caught a sight of a tear before she q

36、uickly brushed it away.【答案】【答案】去掉第一个a 3.Approximately half of Chinese steel consumption is in construction, most of that is for property development.【答案】【答案】thatwhich 4.One evening as we were chatting round the fireside, the children came running to us with the exciting news it had been snowing.【答案】

37、【答案】在news 后加that 5.He feels that he can relax and enjoy cross dressing more and not feels so terrified of be found out.【答案】【答案】bebeing6.Cut off from their families, they can usually only manage two to three years in the desolate Himalayan region border China.【答案】【答案】borderbordering7.If you carry wit

38、h you the baggage of the past or the burden of the future, you let a lot of your energies go to waste.【答案】【答案】baggagesbaggage 8.At the dawn, just as it was forecast, the sun was shining, it was windless and not even a wisp of cloudlet could be seen.【答案】【答案】去掉dawn 前的the 9.I have no idea that because the doctor has witnessed too many deaths in hospital, so when he sees a life leaving, he can feel so natural.【答案】【答案】thatwhether10.This has been the first time for me to get in touch with my new school. No doubt it has left a good im