天津耀华BHB6M2-3非谓语分词专练

1、耀华滨海学校 Book 6 M2-3 Grammar Special 非限定动词ING；TO DO SII English 2010-2011Grammar (M2-3) v-ing as Adverbial clauses (v+ -ing; v- to do)第一部分：语言认识：在课文中标出-ing, -ed形式的分词概念基础: 限定动词 finite verb Grammar limited by person, number, tense, and mood. Used of a verb that can serve as a predicate or the initial ele

2、ment of one.例如: They have finished writing the article. He likes going fishing every weekend. 【语法】限定的; 由人称、数量、时态和情态限定的。用作谓语或谓语开头部分的动词 非限定动词 non-finite verb Grammar a non-finite verb does not show a particular tense or subject, and is either the infinitive or the participle form of the verb. 在英语中，不作句

3、子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，为非限定动词，也称为非谓语动词。从动词性质来讲，也根据英文本名，这里采用“非限定动词”的称法。非限定动词指动词的几种特有的形式在句中分别担当名词、形容词和副词的作用，丰富语义表达，不受人称、数、量、时体、语态等要素的限定，而只根据句子中的名词动词间的语义、逻辑关系进行相应的变化，以准确生动的表达意义。这是英语语言特有的语法形式，是学习的重点。突破关键在于多阅读积累语言，增强语言差异意识和规则运用意识，透彻理解语言、句法的逻辑，形成严谨的句法结构分析思路，提高理解和运用能力。 非限定动词形式为以下三种：1. -ING 形式：动名词(the Gerund)

4、，现在分词(the Present Participle)；2. -ED分词(the Past Participle)。3. 动词不定式(the Infinitive)；二非限定动词的用法1语法功能：分别担当名词、形容词、副词用，在句中作相应的成分。 句子成分非限定动词 主语表语宾语补语定语状语同位语不定式üüüüüüü动名词üüü(极少)üü现在分词üüüü过去分词üüüü2. 非限定形式的语法

5、功用与概念特征概念特征分词Participle v-ing 分词- 主动，现在，进行 与句子谓语同时发生Hearing the news, they got excited 在句中与其逻辑主语表达主谓关系v-ed 分词-被动，过去，完成 与句子谓语同时发生Given a chance, I can surprise the whole world.在句中与其逻辑主语表达动宾关系-Having v-ed/done 先于句子谓语发生Having finished homework, she went out to play.-Having been v-ed/done Having been bi

6、tten by a snake, she was frightened at it.-Being v-ed/done(adj化的分词) 句首，表原因或让步关系Being tired, the player lay down for a rest. 动名词Gerundv-ing 动名词 -习惯，完成，功用He likes playing the guitar. I remembered posting the mail. It is a swimming pool. 不定式Infinitive -TO DO 不定式 -具体，过程，将来下列动词后的宾语可用分词作宾补：see, watch, fin

7、d, notice, observe, look at; hear, listen to; feel; make, have, get; leave, keep, set, want, send, would like,等。第二部分 解题思路3.非限定动词与限定动词对比相同点不同点限定动词1)如果是及物动词都可带宾语：They built a garden. They suggested building a garden.2)都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well.3)都有主动、被动态,

8、 “体”/式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化：He was punished by his parents.(限定动词被动语态)He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)We have written the composition.(限定动词的完成时)Having written the composition, we handed it in.(完成式)4)都可以有逻辑主语：They started the work at once.(限定动词的逻辑主语)The boss ordered them to start the work

9、.(不定式的逻辑主语)We are League members.(限定动词的主语)We being League member, the work was well done.(现在分词的逻辑主语，分词的独立主格结构)限定动词即谓语动词。在句中运用时受到主语的人称、数量、时态(动作发生的时间)、语态(动作的执行者或承受者)的限定，需要变化形式，以确切的表达意义。非限定动词1)非限定动词有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词)，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。2)非限定动词有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补语。3)非限定动词有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中作状语。注：解

10、题注意在分词作状语时，需要区分-ing和-ed形式的逻辑主语，(即动作的执行者或承受者)，要分析分词的逻辑主语是否与句子的主语一致，这是学习运用分词是很重要的一点，在语法书中，两者一致时即“同主格结构”，为一般常见结构。两者不一致时，则称为“独立主格结构”，实即“异主格结构”，如上表中最后的例句。再例如：Night coming, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. All the guests seated, we began out dinner. 第三部分 练习I. 用分词或其他动词形式填空。说明句中动词和主语的关系（动宾、主谓关系）1. They

11、 went to the park, _. (sing and dance)2._his homework, he played basket-ball. (do/finish)3. The problem _ at present is very important. (discuss)4._ many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. (tell)5. Can you hear her _ the song in the next room? (sing)6. The matter had better _ as it is. (l

12、eave)7. I object to _.(make fun of)8. The mother wanted her son _without delay. (operate on)9. A job worth _ is worth _ well. (do)10. A job worthy _ is worth _ well. (do)II.用分词结构改写下列句子。11. When the boy was called, he stood up. 12. The cup dropped to the ground. As a result, it broke into pieces. 13.

13、 When they heard the news, they got excited.14. If time permits, well do another two exercises. 15. It looked as if there was about 500 pounds there. I was so surprised that I just stood there, holding the notes in my hands. At that moment, the door swung open, and Roy walked in. III. Multiple Choic

14、e 61. _ by the window lost in thought for a long time, I realized that no scene in the world remains _.A. Stand; unchanged B. To stand; unchanging C. Standing; unchanged D. Stood; unchanging2. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs or boxes.A. having s

15、eated B. seating C. seated D. being seated3. _ in the book, he didnt hear the sound.A. Burying B. To be buried C. Having been buried D. Buried4. The international agreement, _ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on Feb 27.A. intended B. being intended C. int

16、ending D. to intend5. A harmonious society is like a symphony orchestra each person contributes a small sound, but when _ with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music.A. combining B. being combined C. combined D. to be combined 6. _ the right decision _ the future is probably the most important thi

17、ng we will ever do in our life.A. Making; concerned B.Make; concerning C. To make;concerned D. Making; concerning7. Teamwork is very important in modem society. _ an effective team member, you need to develop a teamwork attitude.A. Become B. Becoming C. Having become D. To become8. The car ran into

18、a crowd of middle school students, _ to hospital immediately.A. two of whom sent B. two of them sent C. two of whom are sent D. two of them sending9. The heavy snow swept across many parts of China, _ many peoples family reunion at the 2008 Spring Festival impossible.A. made B.making C.to make D. ha

19、ving made10. The test part _ to Peter, John was so disappointed that he felt unwilling to continue his taking part in the play.A. given B. giving C. to give D. having given11. _ help the people in the snowstorm in the South made him worried.A. Not known how to B. Unknown what to do to C. His knowing

20、 not how to D. His not knowing how to12. Such _ the case, she had to admit to have stolen the money.A. be B. was C. being D. had been13. The women waited on the windy lawn, their skirts _ against their legs, keeping their hats on with difficulty.A. being blowing B. to blowC. to lie blown D. blown14.

21、 The No. 5 subway line, _ in October, 2007, has greatly improved the traffic condition in Beijing.A. opened B. was opened C. being opened D. to be opened15. _ true events, the film follows the life of Braddock, a boxer in New York.A. Being based on B. Basing on C. Having based on D. Based onIII. 巩固练

22、习Consolidation Practice 题组11. The great hall was crowded with many people, _ many children _on their parents laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. included; sitting2. Its said that the Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics di

23、d.A. holding B. to be held C. held D. to be holding3. _ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.A. Being no rain B. There was no rainC. To be no rain D. There being no rain4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _ him a millionaire overnigh

24、t.A. making B. makes C. to make D. made5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _.A. to escape burning B. to escape being burnedC. escaping burned D. escaping from burning6. Taking this medicine, if _, will of course do good to his hea

25、lth.A. continuedB. to continueC. continuesD. continuing7. The little boy still needs the _ 20 dollars to do with some things _.A. remaining; remained to be settledB. remaining; remaining to be settledC. remained; remained to settleD. remained; remaining to settle8. _ his age, the little boy read qui

26、te well.A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D. Having considered9. _ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.A. Judged B. Judging C. Having judged D. To judge10.Tom enjoys _ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesnt he? Yes, he does. But what his sister en

27、joys _. A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance11. His letter, _ to the wrong number, reached me late.A. having been addressed B. to have addressedC. to have been addressed D. being addressed12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as

28、it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _ all seven astronauts aboard.A. having killed B. killing C. being killed D. killed13. There are lots of places of interest _ in our city.A. needs repairing B. needing repairedC. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired14. What caused the party to be p

29、ut off? _ the invitations.A. Tom delayed sending B. Toms delaying sendingC. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send15. I was afraid _ to my customers because I was afraid _ them.A. of talking back; to loseB. of talking back; of losingC. to talk back; to lose D. to talk back; of losing题组216. Stan

30、ding on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _ the flowing of the smog around me.A. enjoy B. enjoying C. enjoyed D. to enjoy17. Is Tom a good talker? No, he never speaks to me other than _ something?A. ask for B. to ask for C. asked for D. asking for18. I cant get my car _ on cold mornin

31、gs, so I have to try _ the radiator with some hot water.A. run; to fill B. running; fillingC. running; to fill D. ran; filling19. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _ in all directions before he was sent _ by his wife.A. flying; to sleep B. flying; sleeping C. to fly; t

32、o sleeping D. to fly; to sleep20. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _ but the door _.A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting21. We found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _ on the scene of the launch of Shenzhou V spaceship.A. fixed B.

33、 fix C. fixing D. to fix22. A doctor can expect _ at any hour of the day or night.A. calling B. to call C. being called D. to be called23. The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teachers question, _ just a minute. So hes usually the teachers pet.A. thought B. having thought C. and to think

34、 D. thinking24. The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door _, _ there for a while and then entered it.A. open; to stand B. opening; stood C. open; stood D. opened; standing25. _ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour, and then an old man suddenly started to cross the road in front

35、of me.A. Driving B. I was driving C. Having driven D. When I was driving26. Mr. Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _ was nowhere to be seen.A. repairing B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired27. What did the librarian _ out of the library?A. permit to take B. forbid to be ta

36、ken C. allow to take D. insist being taken28. Mum, why do you give me so much popcorn? _ the boring time.A. Kill B. Killing C. To kill D. Having killed29. What Yang Liwei wanted to do when he got out of the spaceship was _ the joy with all the Chinese. A. share B. shared C. having shared D. about to

37、 share题组330. When she was alone at home, Mary needed a friend _.A. playing with B. having played withC. with whom to play withD. with whom to play 31. _ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _ out of life.A. Seeing; frightened B. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frightened D. To see; fright

38、ening32. The competitor never dreamed of _ for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.A. there was a chance B. there being a chanceC. it being a chance D. it was a chance33. _ everything to go wrong in advance, and you wont feel quite so bad when it does.A. Having expected B. Expect C. To

39、expect D. Expecting34. You _ part in the party on time. Sorry, I was delayed by the accident.A. are to take B. have supposed to takeC. were to have taken D. supposed to take35. _ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all.A. When compared B. To compare C. While co

40、mparing D. It compared36. _ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _ at the party.A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticing C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; noticed37. The matter _ your study surely requires _ carefully.A. relating to; dealing with B. related to; dealt withC. related to;

41、being dealt withD. relating to; having dealt with38. _ made her parents worried a lot.A. Her not to come back B. Not her to come backC. Her not coming back D. Not her coming back39. Everything _ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.A. to take B. taken C.

42、to be taken D. taking40. He moved away from his parents and missed them _ enjoy the exciting life in New York.A. much so as to B. very much toC. too much to D. enough to41. What do you think of the plan? Its easier said than _.A. carried out B. carrying outC. carry out D. to carry out42. Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum (论坛)because they knew what _ from the forum.A. to get B. to be got C. got D. getting43. There was a famous person at the party whom everyone would like _ to themselves.A