动词ing形式做主语和宾语

1、2021/8/61Have you ever seen these signs?parking, spitting, littering, smoking-ing forms2021/8/62The ing form as the Subject and ObjectUnit 2 2021/8/63 主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having donehaving donehaving been having been donedone2021/8/64 动词动词-ing形式作主语表示形式作主语表示抽象的抽象

2、的或或泛指的泛指的动作动作, 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数。如：。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. To read aloud will help you improve your English. 动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语 2021/8/65Ing做主语和动词不定时做主语和动词不定时做主语有什么不同？做主语有什么不同？动名词动名词常常表示常常表示泛指泛指的动作，的动作，而不定式通常指而不定式通常指具体具体的动作的动作。2021/8/66 动词动词-ing形式作主语表示形式作

3、主语表示抽象的抽象的或或泛指的泛指的动作动作, 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数。如：。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. To read aloud will help you improve your English. 动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语 2021/8/67作主语作主语1 1. .名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1) 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的._ is

4、something we should never do2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 _ is very important for me3)说比做容易。说比做容易。_ is easier than doing.Playing tricks on othersLearning new wordsTalking2021/8/68 用形式主语用形式主语it，把真正的主语，把真正的主语动名词结构移置动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如是某些形容词或少数名词，如 no use

5、, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time等等; 形容词有形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。等。 如：如： Its no use sweeping tears. It was a waste of time doing such a thing. Exer. P13_作主语作主语2021/8/69归纳归纳: 常用常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：形式作主语的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的It is/w

6、as no good/use doing 做做是没用处的是没用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的2021/8/610在在there be+no +v-ing结构中作主语，结构中作主语，=“It is impossible to do ”表示表示“没没法法不允许不允许.”。 如：如：1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知，除非己莫为。若要人不知，除非己莫为。2)这种事开不得玩笑。这种事

7、开不得玩笑。 There is _ about such matter.3)无法知道他什么时候离开。无法知道他什么时候离开。 There was _ when he would leave. 作主语作主语no jokingno knowing2021/8/611There is no doing 无法无法; 不允许不允许 There is no sense in doing 做做没有道理没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干干无意义无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比没有比更糟的更糟的 There is/was n

8、o point doing 干干无意义无意义 我们不知道要去哪儿。我们不知道要去哪儿。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.2021/8/612注意注意: There is no need to do sth 干干没必要没必要, 在此句式中在此句式中to do不可换为不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。没有必要告诉她。There is no need to tell her. 2021/8/613 1. 有些动词有些动词和短

9、语和短语等后能接动词等后能接动词-ing形式作形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：Were considering _ (pay) a visit to the Science Museum. Im fond of _ (collect) stamps and coins.动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语payingcollecting2021/8/614考虑建议盼原谅，考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。不准冒险凭想象。常跟动词常跟动词

10、ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine2021/8/615这类动词还有这类动词还有: give up, insist on, m

11、ention, feel like, prefer doing to doing , end up, be busy (in) , prevent/stop/keep fromprotect/preserve from.pay attention to, be accustomed to , be used to doing , get down to ,stick to , lead to , object to 等。等。2021/8/616我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid _the same mistake晚饭后你想和我

12、一起散步吗晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Do you feel like _a walk with me after supper? 人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。People couldnt help_ that foolish man repeatinghavinglaughing2021/8/617 注：注： need, require, want作作“需要需要”解时解时, 后接动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被主动形式表示被动意义动意义, 相当于相当于to be done。The radio needs / requires / wants

13、 _（repair）. repairing / to be repaired2021/8/6182. 既可接既可接动名词动名词又又可接不定式可接不定式作宾语的动词作宾语的动词, 常见的有常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget，remember, hate等。等。 like, love, hate, prefer 用用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同或不定式意义上没有什么不同, 动名词动名词表示泛指的动作表示泛指的动作, 不定式不定式表示具体的一次性动作。表示具体的一次性动作。B. 在在begin/s

14、tart, continue之后之后, 用动名词和用动名词和不定式不定式, 意义无甚区别意义无甚区别.C. 在动词在动词forget, remember, regret之后意义不同之后意义不同2021/8/619不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。 Dont forget to write to your mother我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。I regret missing the report我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。 I regret to say I cant take your advice2021/8/62

15、0go on doinggo on to domean doing mean to dostop doing stop to do 做某事做某事继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 意味着要做某事意味着要做某事想要做某事想要做某事 停止做某事停止做某事停下来停下来(别的事别的事)开始开始2021/8/621try doing 试着做某事试着做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help

16、to do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事2021/8/622V-ing 形式的复合结构Do you mind my coming late for the film?Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.me coming late for the film?物主代词与名词所有格与物主代词与名词所有格与V-ing构成逻辑上的主谓关系构成逻辑上的主谓关系 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+doing 名词名词s + doing代词宾格代词宾格+doing名词名词+doing作主语、宾语作主语、宾语作宾语作宾语2021/8/623_ma

17、de him very upset.His losing bike B. Toms losing bikeC. Him losing bike D. Tom losing bike 2021/8/624 注：注： 动词动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面形式的否定形式是在其前面加加not，带有逻辑主语时，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词应在动词-ing形式之前形式之前。如：。如：_(没有刷牙没有刷牙)made her smell bad.Your schoolmates _(没有按时回没有按时回家家)made her parents worried.Not cleaning her teethno

18、t coming home in time2021/8/625Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold2021/8/626 2.The woman found it no good _ her daughter too much money. A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave3. _ made the student _ inter

19、est in his studies. A. Being punished; to lose B. Punished; lose C. Being punished; lose D. Having been punished; lost2021/8/6274. Our English teacher suggested we practise _ English every day. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke5. I really cant understand _ her like that. A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating2021/8/6286. _ the homework made his father lose his temper. A. The boys not having d