英语修辞手法汇总大全Rhetorical-Devices

1、2021/8/61Rhetorical Devices Figures of Speech2021/8/62 An expression such as a metaphor or simile or a device such as personification or hyperbole in which words are used in a nonliteral way to achieve an effect beyond the range of ordinary language. 通过隐喻或明喻，拟人或夸张等这些形象化说法，文字能用非字面的意义获得超过普通语言的效果2021/8

2、/631.Simile & Metaphor 1. Simile 明喻明喻 He is brave as a lion. The water lay gray and wrinkled like an elephants skin. 2. Metaphor My love is a red red rose. Applications for jobs flooded the company.2021/8/64 一种暗喻的句式一种暗喻的句式: n. (A) + of + n. (B) More Examples: I have the devil of a teeth sick. Do

3、wn with the Bourbons, and that great pig of Louis XVI ! Your turn to practice: 他们有一个宝贝女儿。他们有一个宝贝女儿。 They have a treasure of a daughter. 他住在贫民窟一样的屋子里。他住在贫民窟一样的屋子里。 He lives in a slum of a house.2021/8/65 3.Metonymy The substitution of the name of one thing for that of another with which ot is closely

4、 related 换喻2021/8/66 Metonymy 以典型的人体组织、器官或部位代人的抽象行以典型的人体组织、器官或部位代人的抽象行为或能力为或能力: She was a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not the one to let my heart rule my head. 她十个让人动情的姑娘，而我则不她十个让人动情的姑娘，而我则不是让感情支配理智的人。是让感情支配理智的人。 以特征指人或物以特征指人或物: Gray hairs should be respected.2021/8/67 Metonymy 以作家名借代作品

5、或观念以作家名借代作品或观念: He has never read Li Bai. 以容器借代被盛的东西以容器借代被盛的东西,或以产地代产品或以产地代产品: He is too fond of the bottle. Hollywood-American film industry 2021/8/68MetonymyMore examples:John Bull-EnglandUncle Sam-USAThe Pentagon-US military establishmentThe White Street-US PresidentHelen-beautiful woman2021/8/69

6、4. Synecdoche 提喻The naming of a part to mean the whole or the whole to a partWe need more hands to do this job.This is a fleet of 50 sails.The birds sang to welcome the smiling year.2021/8/6105. Personification 拟人 The thirsty desert drank up the water. Its really a beautiful morning: the trees are w

7、hispering and birds are singing2021/8/6116. Transferred Epithet: the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriate 转类形容法转类形容法 More example： This bad news has brought me a sleepless night. They climbed to a dizzy height and then jumped down.2021/8/6127. Rhetorical quest

8、ion: 反诘 A question neither requiring nor intended to produce a reply but asked for emphasis. More example: If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? (Shelley: Ode to the West Wind) 2021/8/6138. Anti-climax: 突降法 The sudden appearance of an trivial idea following one or more significant ideas. It is

9、usually comic(滑稽的滑稽的)in effect. The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.2021/8/6149. Climax: 渐强法 Arrangement of phrases or sentences in ascending order of importance. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. (Francis Ba

10、con: Of Studies)2021/8/61510. Alliteration: 头韵法 and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. The use of a phrase or sentence of words beginning with the same letter or sound. It should be used only when the writer makes a strong emotional response to his subject. For instance, it can

11、achieve musical effect. Example 1: We felt strong, smug, secure. Example 2: US trade policy is often viewed as inconsistent, incoherent and incomprehensible to the countries of the origin.2021/8/61611. Assonance Assonance: the use of the same or related vowel sounds in successive words 半谐音半谐音 A deep

12、 green stream The rain in Spain falls on the plain2021/8/61712. Consonance 尾韵 指相同词尾辅音的重复出现指相同词尾辅音的重复出现 The rain in Spain falls on the plain When I lent I was a friend, when I asked I was unkind.2021/8/61813. Pun 双关 It is a play on words based on the similarity of sound and sharp difference in meanin

13、g. Seven days without water makes one weak. He lies first on one side, and then on the other, and remains wide awake all the time. He lies still when he dies.2021/8/619 14. Euphemism: the substitution of an inoffensive expression for one that may be disagreeableFor Death:to be asleep in the Arms of

14、God (本义）安睡在上帝的怀中本义）安睡在上帝的怀中to be at peace (本义）平静了本义）平静了to be at rest (本义）在休息本义）在休息to be called to God (本义）被召唤本义）被召唤到上帝那到上帝那to be called home (本义）被召回本义）被召回家家to be home and free (本义）到家本义）到家自由了自由了to be taken to paradise (本义）被本义）被送进天堂送进天堂The call of God (本义）上帝的召本义）上帝的召唤唤to depart (本义）离去本义）离去The final de

15、parture (本义）最后离本义）最后离去去final sleep (本义）最后一觉本义）最后一觉For Death:to be asleep in the Arms of God (本义）本义）安睡在上帝的怀中安睡在上帝的怀中to be at peace (本义）平静了本义）平静了to be at rest (本义）在休息本义）在休息to be called to God (本义）被召唤到上本义）被召唤到上帝那帝那to be called home (本义）被召回家本义）被召回家to be home and free (本义）到家自由了本义）到家自由了to be taken to para

16、dise (本义）被送进天本义）被送进天堂堂The call of God (本义）上帝的召唤本义）上帝的召唤to depart (本义）离去本义）离去The final departure (本义）最后离去本义）最后离去final sleep (本义）最后一觉本义）最后一觉2021/8/620to fade away (本义）消失本义）消失 to make ones exit (本义）退场本义）退场to kick off (本义）开球本义）开球to be free (本义）解脱了本义）解脱了to be gone (本义）去了本义）去了to be no more (本义）不复存在本义）不复存在

17、to close ones eyes (本义）瞑目本义）瞑目to come to an end (本义）结束本义）结束to go beyond (本义）到远方去本义）到远方去to expire (本义）呼气本义）呼气to go off (本义）离去本义）离去to go ones last (本义）走到自己的终点本义）走到自己的终点to go ones place (本义）回老家本义）回老家to go to ones resting place (本义）到休息地去本义）到休息地去to go to west (本义）西去本义）西去 to kick the bucket (本本义）踢翻水桶义）踢翻水

18、桶to lose ones life (本义）失去了生命本义）失去了生命to pass away (本义）离去本义）离去to stop living (本义）停止生存本义）停止生存to take ones rest (本义）休息本义）休息to shut up the shop (本义）关门本义）关门to rest (本义）休息本义）休息to rest in peace (本义）安息本义）安息to return to dust (本义）归之尘土本义）归之尘土to sleep (本义）长眠本义）长眠with God (本义）和上帝在一起本义）和上帝在一起with their Father (本义）

19、与圣父在一起本义）与圣父在一起to fall (本义）倒下了本义）倒下了to do ones bit (本义）尽职了本义）尽职了to lay down ones life (本义）放下自己本义）放下自己的生命的生命to be no longer with us (本义）不再与本义）不再与我们在一起了我们在一起了to be out of pain (本义）摆脱痛苦本义）摆脱痛苦to breathe ones last (本义）呼了最后本义）呼了最后一口气一口气to cancel ones account (本义）销帐本义）销帐pay ones last debt (本义）付最后一笔本义）付最后一

20、笔债债2021/8/62115. Antithesis: 对照对照 对比对比 .between what people claim to be and what they really are. .took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land. .a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever2021/8/622 Antithesis: more examples More haste, less speed. There is more danger from a pretende

21、d friend than from an open enemy. Small sorrows speak: great sorrows are silent.2021/8/62316. Parallelism/parallel structure We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. I Have a Dream2021/8/62417. Repetition 反复反复 We have but one aim and one single purpose no

22、thing will turn us-nothing We will never parley, we will never negotiate. This is our policy and this is our declaration2021/8/62518. Hyperbole 夸张 America laughed with him. The trial that rocked the world. His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. The wave ran m

23、ountain high.2021/8/62619. Oxymoron Oxymoron is formed by conjoining of two contrasting terms. It can help us to appriciate more fully the implied complexity of descriptions and feelings. Malone called my conviction a victorious defeat. bitter sweet memories living death2021/8/627Oxymoron O serpent

24、heart, hit with a flowing face Did ever dragon keep so fair a cave? Beautiful tyrant! fiend angelical! Dove-featherd raven(乌鸦乌鸦)! Wolfish-ravening(掠夺掠夺) lamb! (Here Juliet is expressing her mixed feeling about Romeo, when she hears he has killed her cousin.)2021/8/62820. Irony The expression of actu

25、al intent in words that carry the opposite meaning. 反语反语 until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th century Hiroshima-the liveliest city in the world2021/8/62921. Ridicule instance of being made fun of 嘲嘲笑笑 Bryan, aging and paunchy, was assisted Bryan mopped his bald dome in sil

26、ence. He didnt say a cat was the same as a man?2021/8/63022. Sarcasm Its a cutting remark, a verbal sneer. It s used to hurt others feeling. 挖苦 Why dont you do a dance around the ashes? “There is some doubt about that.” Darrow snorted.2021/8/63123. Satire: 讽刺作品 It generally refers to a piece of literary work- prose, poetry or drama. It uses ridicule to expose and to judge behaviour or ideas that the satirist finds foolish, wic