人教新目标九年级英语Unit13知识点总结和同步练习(无答案)

1、Unit13 Were trying to save the earth！【重点短语】1. at the bottom of the river 在河床底部2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中4. play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净5. land pollution 土地污染6. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟7. cut down air pollution 减少空气污染8. make a diff

2、erence 产生影响17. take action 采取行动18. turn off 关掉19. pay for 付费20. add up 累加21. use public transportation 使用公共交通22. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸23. use paper n apk ins 使用纸巾24. turn off the shower 关掉喷头25. ride in cars 开车出行【重点句型】1.Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.即使河底都充满垃圾2.Everyone in

3、town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。3.The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days.空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。4.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。5. I used to be able to se

4、e stars in the sky.我过去能在天空中看到星星。6. The air has become really polluted around here. I getting very wormried. 这儿的空气真的已经被污染了，我非常担心。7. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。【知识点】1. cost vt.1. 花费；价格为；值例句： It must cost a good deal to live here. 住在这里一定要花很

5、多钱的拓展： take， spend ，cost ，pay 的用法都可以表示 “花费”，但用法却不尽 相同。1)spe nd 的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1) spend time /money on sth.在.上花费时间(金钱)。例：I spent twohours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3) spend mon

6、ey for sth.花钱买.例: His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了。2)cost 的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示 值” 常见用法如下：( 1 ) sth. costs( sb.) 金钱， 某物花了(某人)多少钱。 例：A new computer costsa lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间，某物(做某事)花了(某人) 多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时 间才记住了这些

7、单词。注意：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost 并且不能用于被动句。3)take 后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：(1)It takes sb. +时间+ to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took themthree years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2) doing sth. takes sb. +时间， 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this cartook him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。4)pay 的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money

8、 for sth.付钱(给某人)买.例: I have to pay them20 pou nds for this room each mon th.我每个月要付 20 英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth.付. 的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3) pay for sb.替某人付钱。例：Don?蒺 t worry!Ill pay for you.别担心， 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb.付钱给某人。例：They pay us every month.他们每月给我们 报酬。(5) pay money back 还钱。

9、例： May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it backnext week. 你能借给我 12 块钱吗？下周还你。(6) pay off ones money 还清钱。2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.这种方法不仅残酷，而且对环境有害。(1) not onlybut also 意为 不仅.而且.”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also 有时可以省略。如： She not only plays well, but also wr

10、ites music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且 还会作曲。He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本， 还饰演其中的角色。He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作， 星 期日也工作。2)若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致如：Not only you but also he has to leave.不只是你，他也得离开。(3) 若连接两个句子， not only 后面的句子要用倒装，如:Not only did

11、he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily 他不仅说得 更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。3. work n. (音乐，艺术)作品work 的用法作名词1) 不可数，意为：工作；劳动；作业； 功课事，成果，产品；工艺品，针 线活如:It takes a lot of work to dig a deep well 挖一口深井很费事。I have to bring my work home today. 今天我得把工作带回家做。2) 作可数名词着作，作品He is making a study of William Faulkners works

12、. 他在研究威廉 ?福克纳的 作品。作不及物动词( vi. )1) 工作，劳动，干活(+at/on) She works in a restauran 她在一家饭店工 作。2)(机器等)运转，活动The mach ine wont work 机器不转了。3)(由于使用等)逐渐变动；慢慢地前进4)起作用；行得通Your suggestion works well. 你的建议很有效。作及物动词( vt.)1) 使工作，使干活Dont work yourself to death. 别拼命做了。2) 开动；操作Please tell me how to work the machine. 请告诉我如

13、何操纵这机器。3) 通过努力取得；靠做工取得4) 使缓慢前进；使逐渐变动Can you work the screw loose? 你能使这个螺钉松开吗？5) 造成，引起；激起This scientist worked miracles. 这位科学家创造了奇迹。6)安排，经营，管理He worked the farm with great success. 这个农场他经营得很成功。8) 影响；说服Ill try to work him to my way of thinking. 我要设法说服他同意我的想法。9) 精工细做10) 计算，算出【语法归纳】动词不定式做目的状语时的用法To cut

14、down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。本句中 To cut down air pollution 是动词不定式作目的状语。 动词不定式做目的状语时的用法一、不定式和不定式短语作目的状语 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语， 主要用来修饰动词， 表示某一动作或状态 的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as tQ 例如：Ive written it down in order not

15、to forget.He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. 在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的， 因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较：To draw maps properly, you n eed a special pe( 正)To draw maps properly, a special pen is n eede(.误)由 in order to 引导的目的状语， 既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首， 而由 so asto 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。比较：They started early

16、 in order to get there in time.（正）In order to get there in time, they started early.（正）They started early so as to get there in time.（ 正）So as to get there in time, they started early.误）二、不定式的复合结构作目的状语当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时， 要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for +名词或宾格代词）作状语。例如：He ope ned the door for the child

17、re n to come in.She fetched several bottles which she placed on the coun ter for Harry to in spect.三、目的状语从句与不定式的转换英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况：1. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定 式或不定式短语作状语。例如：Well start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.Well start early in order

18、 to/so as to arrive in time.2. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的 复合结构作状语。例如：I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeti ng.I came early （ in order） for you to read my report before the meeting.同步练习I.根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。1.His experienee in that foreign company is one of the greates

19、t _（adva ntage） over others.2.“Stop_ （talk） and listen to me ” the teacher said to us.3. Youd better keep the win dow ope n whe n _ _ _ （sleep） in summer.4. She felt sorry for_ (be) late aga in.5. The old man used_ (like) basketball whe n he was young.6. He has bee n used to_ (live) alone, so he n e

20、ver feels Ion ely.7. There is a_(wood) table in the middle of the room.8. There used to be many_ _ (fisherma n) in the village.9. I did nt buy the car because it_(cost) too much.10. Her_(act) tell us a lot about her purpose.11. Every one should play a part in_(clea n) it up.12. The air is badly_ (po

21、llute) because there are more cars on theroad these days.13. Our actions can make a_(differe nt) and lead to a betterfuture!14. _ (en vir onment) project groups are teach ing the public aboutit.15. They asked gover nments_ (develop)laws to stop selli ng sharkfins.16. So far, no scie ntific studies_

22、(show)that shark fins aregood for health.17. We can t afford_ (wait) any Ion ger to take actio n.18. People might think that big things should be done_(save)the earth.19. It s difficult farents with young children to use public (tra nsport).20. The books_(collect) to don ate to the poor kids.21. If

23、somethi ng can_ (recycle), it means you can collect and use it.22. Pan das are_(special) loved by the people around the world.23. Sorry, sir. I don t think this is_ (create) eno ugh.24. The public will realize the_ (importa nt) of protecti ng theen vir onment.25. Vincent Van Gogh is_ (probable) the best-k nown pain ter in theworld.II.单项选择( ) 10. -How do you like the short play ?() 1. The water is _ . We must be careful of _A. pollute, pollute B. polluted,