北邮实验三DLX处理器程序设计

1、«i电大学廿算机学院卄算机系统结构课程实验2015年4月实验三DLX处理器程序设计、X、实验类别：综合型实验目的：学习使用DLX汇编语言编程，进一步分析相关现象实验学时:4四、实验组人1/1五、实验设备环境:DLX汇编语言环境穴、实验原理：掌握向量运算算法和编程方法。七、教学要点与学习难点：DLX汇编语言八、实验容和要求:自编一段汇编代码，完成两双精度浮自一维向量的加法(或乘除 法)运算，并输出结果。向量K®>=16。观察程序中出规的数据/控 制/结构相关九、实验步骤：(1 )熟悉DLX汇编语言。(2) 编写两双精度浮点一维向量的HII法运算程序。(3) 对此程序完成

2、上面实验二中1 )、2)、3)、4)方面的分析。程序代码.data向量长厦为205.5,647.3,&2,9.1,5.5,667.7,889.8,1resultis；初始化两个用于松加的一维向量(双精度浮点敛),Ia:. double1.9,2.1,3.7,4.6,10.1,11.2,12.3,13.4,14.5,15.6,16.7,17.8,18.9,19.0,20.2b:.double1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,10.9,11.8,12.7,13.6,14.5,15.4,16.3,17.2,18.1,19.9,20.8PrintfFormat:.asciizhThe.align

3、 2PrintfPar:.word PrintfFormatr:. space200；r为保存相加给果的向量空间 .text.global mainmain:addi r1,r0,0 ;Hit数相 1®的次数addui r4,r0,8 ;r4 为常数 8loop:；備坏it算向量ft!加给杲subi r2,r1,20 ;r1=20 时，跳转到 finishbeqz r2,finishmultu r3,r1,r4；r3为当甫分量相对于向量基址的|務(毎个分量占8B)Idf0,a(r3) ;® a中第门个分量Idf2,b(r3)；取1)中第r1个分量adddf4,f0,f2内加

4、结果放在f4中sd r(r3),f4;将相#1结果放入结果向量r中addi r1,r1,1;下一分量j loopfinish:;输出向量Hl加的结果addi r14srO,PrintfPartrap 5trap 0运行结果C DLX-Standard-I/OOKThe result is3.0000004.3000007.0000009.00000011.00000013.00000015.00000017.00000018.90000021.00000023.00000025.00000027.00000029.00000031.00000033.00000035.00000037.0000

5、0038.90000041.000000Statistics可以看到具体数据情况和产生相关的比例等-LLJJ XITotal:179 Cyde|s) exeojted.ID executed ty 187 Inljvclioofs).2 ln$Uuctior($l curenlly in Pipelne.Hardware configuration: Memoiy cize 927G8 IddcEX-Stagei；. 1. requied Cycfe: 2 fmjIEX-Sfdce' 1. required Cycles: 5 fdi/EX-Stcgcs: 1 z rouircd Cy

6、cles: 19 Fawaidna disabledStalls:RAW Halle: 263 (55022 of al Cycles) WAW skals; 0 (0.00% ol ell Cyctei) Sbuctural state: 0 (QCOX of all Cycles) Conlrd 火Ils: 21 (4.99% of oil Cycles) Frap6 1.26% cf all CyclesTotal: 29051(3)(6167 of allCycke)Condit ional Branches):T okl: 21 (11.23% of dl Instiuctions)

7、. thered: taken 1 (476% of all cord Brencke not token 20 (£6.24% of dl cond D torches)Load/S t ore-1n© truution缶:T otal: 50 (32.08% of dl Iniuctions, iherecf:Loads 40 (G£G7 of Load7Store-ln2tnjctions)Stores: 20 (33.33% of Load/Store-lnstiuctiDn)F1omting pcint ©tage inst:ruutiono

8、:T otal: 40 (21.394 o( dl Instiuctions thereof:Addtio”: 23 (50.002 d Floalirg point 荻age inst) Multiplications: 20 (50. COS of Fbatng port stage inst.) OMsion?- 0(0 CO of Roathg pont stege inst.)Trars：Traps: 2(1.07 ol dl Instiuctbns)结果分林1. 数据相关由Statistics中的知道,发生7 55.02%的数据相关。查看可以发现, 产生的相关都为RW读写相关。它们

9、分别为:addi r1,r0,0subi r2,r1,20 subi r2,r1,20beqz r2,finish multu r3,r1,r4Id fOta（r3）Id f2,b（3）addd f4,f0,f2addd f4,f0,f2sd r（,f4IT Gode OtU Own-lQlxJ±Jb«qs CjiuhOdilon.才iMoai勿2. 控胃相关由Statistics中的可以看到，发生了 4.39%的控制相关。系貌按照预消成功来执行指令，执行一条指令后马上将其下条指令trap读进来。3. 结构相关由干程序只简单的做了一次JJU法，所以没有结构相关产生。4. 増

10、加浮点运算册件对牲能的影喑下图分别为浮点运算部件为1和4的时候数据情况对比! statistics |LJ X|Total473 Cycfell 他 OH 刖ID weculed S187 Instr ucri|t|. 2lnstfuct>0fi|2j cmetM妙 h Ppeir»*Hrdvare configurat LanMowiv32恋I By©(RcEGStag 話 1.阳 quied C冗切 2ImdEX-Slajn 1, irquid Cydes 5 frfv>>Sws攵 l.reqirjCyclBsr 19For/Astdrg d話bted

11、.Stalls:RAW rtak 263 |羽 02Z ol al Cpctes) 切AS 勿站 0(0.03 dal Cy：M Siiucludl itak 0 (0 CO ; o! Nl 3 能 I Ccnltd italr 21 |4.39X & al CyckiJ Troo 次灰 6(1.25 c(alC*:fes) TcUl 2 £Q%)(6Q6挨 d al CychdCondi tioad.l Braxiches):Tctat 21 (11.237： cf d Indrucbcnx) Iherecf taken 114.76幺 of al cond Bfaicbe

12、e) not later). 33 向.24% ol al ccrid 8rarch«)Lod-/S t oxe-Instructions.Tclal 60(32.0Ki dInsbucbcns lherecf Lo対夂 3(66.673 & Lad7Skrc In如加曲) Stoiei； 20 (33.33 c4Lce/Slc&lrr细 ucbow)Floating point stage iastructioas：T cUl 4。.3及 d el IntbucbcnsJ, Ibcrecf. 幼ctwsr 刃(W nccFloohrg g"如RirwU 忆

13、BbBict"： 20 (50.03 cf Fbairig pcit We in次 J rvisbra 0(0.OJX cf Fbaliigpcenl stage inrt )Txap.Trap if 2(1 07% ol 1 lrdlimthns|nsiflomcs IxVotal:1478 Cydef) executedID cxecvtcd ty 18? I冋rudb何2 lnsbuclhr(sj cunerfiy n Fpeire1 Hardware configuration1 Meroiy xce jC?7688/wGd1EXSi岂®: <feqUiedC

14、yde 2 frrrjEX $tao3« l.rGQuradCjch S (drvEX-S lages: 4, requted Cdes: 19Fccwaidrqd 価 bdStalls:ROW .dte. 23 P5.02u(dl Cyvi) «AW 勿別玄 OfO.OCofalCiides) Stiucfird atailr 0 (0 ODX ol al Cydei"Cor<rd 泅尿 21 |4 59% d 目IC隔*Trap 及灰:6 方N o! al Cycles) IoW: 293 StdbKEO 6 怎少皿 CyctedCondicional

15、Branchss): "Told: 21 |11.23 ol ol Imlructbm). iterccf 以代 1 (4.763; ol al con.8 is由斶 rwl 曲 Eti: 23 (S5 24 龙 & dl cond 引 ancb&m)LgocI-S toze-I ns t ructionsTM 60132.03 ot al IhUruoliohsl ibarec Lob诊 0(66 67 & Locd7S»crd r«lnjd：ion| Staiec 33 (3233 d Load- lcce-lnxliucbcns|FL

16、coting point stage instxvetions:IaW: 40 忆1.29怎 ol al Instruclhns). IbsiecfAdciii：)也 201510 血 of Fbsbro羽 a h$i.)M UtpIcaliDns: ED 15叮JZ ot FbAng part stag inst) Drv»icn: 0(QOG d Fhng pci-i rfege iraljTrops:7reps: 2(1.0?/ol al Inxliuzlicnsj由上图的对比可知，当浮点运算部件个数给边后统廿结果均相同，也就是其数量对该函数没有任何性能方面的改进。分期其原因为

17、，这主要是因为函数中没有连续的浮点加指令，乘、除指令。5. « M forward SJ件对性能的影响下图左侧为没有勾选enable forwarding吋的运行数摒结果,右侧为使用 T forwarding 技术。 rustics |LJ| 八ITotal:47C Cyb(s) executed.ID e»?cuted t$i 187 lnitiuctDn($)2 lrtsauaior($) cuferitl/ m Fipeire.Hardvare con f igxirat ion: Memory size 32738 B>tes faidEX-Stag: 4.

18、required Cycig 2 fmUEX-Skgsi. 4. requred Cyfei； 5 fdvGX-Stage 4Z requred Cycles: 19 Forwarding di油led.Stalls:RAW ddk: 260 (55.02% of ol C>cb) WAW 0 (O OOX of 剖匚阳同 Sljuctucl 玖alls. C (0.00% of al Cycles) Control staik 21 (4 29 of dl Cjicles) T idp sials: 6 (1.26% of dl Cycles) Total: 2S0 StdlH(GQG

19、7 of all Cycles)Conditiono1 Eronches):I obi 21 ('123 d all InstruclonsJ. thefeot taken; 1 (4.76 of dl cond. Brorchcs) rot taken 20 (95.2伐 d all cond. Bf«rtche?)Load-St cxe-Instruot ionm: r otal 60 32.0% cf all lnstructbn$L thereot Lords 40 (GG.G7% of Lood /S tore Instrudion$| Stores 20 (23

20、33X of Load-TStoie-lnstructionsJFloatiriT peint mtmgm instruction©:Total 40 (21.38 cf alllnstrucfonsLthereotA&kicm: 20 (500% ol Flowing pant ztago insl) Multplcahcns: 20 (50 OOX of Floating cont stage inst J DWisicn?: 0(0.00鬼 of Fbotng point 血gc imtjTraps: T rape: 2 (1.07 cf alllndructionc)

21、 swngJLWJJSJTotal:356 Cycle(纣 ©xecUed.ID ewcU.od187 Injtiuclion(s).21nstruchcn(s) current n Ppeline.Hardvaxe coni iquratLon:Memory size: 32768 By2今 fadJEX-Stages 1 z required Cycles 2 fnulFX Stages 1Z requred Cycles?: 5 fdivEHI Gtagcs: 1Z requred Cycles: 19 For/vardina enabled.Stalls:RAW stalk

22、141 (29 G1/i d all Cjide?). thereof: LD 如s 20 (14.1 Q% of RAW 如对 Branch/Jun 21 (14.89 ol RAW FloDbng poirt stalk: 1 CO (70.92宠 of RfiM otalb)WAW aallc: 9(000 of al CycleslStrudud ddk: 0 (0.00 of all Cycle?)Contiol skals: 21 (6 COZ of al Cycles)T rep stdlh: 6 (1.68Z of Wl C>cte$)Total 168 Stal(s)

23、(47.19% of dl C烛幼Conditional Branches>:Tuidl 21 (11 23% ofallln$Uuaicn$),lh&eof. taken: 1 (4 76X of al cond. Branches! not token: 20 (95.24% ol oil cond. Branches)Load-S tore-1 ne t xuo 匕 i one:Total 60 (32 08% of all ln$trucxicnz thereof: Loack: 413(65 67 d Lead-JStore-lnstruclicns) Stores; 20(33.33% of Load7Slc(e-lnstruelienj)Floatinm point ©tag© inetruotionm:Total 40 (21 39X of all ln$tructicn$)z thereDf:Adriilicns: 20 (5QCO of Roatng pant saje inst) Mdliplcations; 20 (53.00% cf Flowing point stage inst) Divisions: (I lO OOX of Floeting point stage ircs