高一英语衔接练习NO.1语音基本知识

1、、26个英文字母及发音音标A a eIQ q kju:F f efV v vi:K k keIH h eIt ?E e i:U u ju:J j d ?eIZ z zi:zedO o ?L l elI i a IY y waIN n enC c si:S s esP P pi:M m emB b bi:R r a:G g d?i:W w ' Ablju:T t ti:D d di:X x eks从以上我们可以看出，英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素，比如:字母：AaHhJjKk音标：eIeIt ?d ?eIkeI2）含兀音音素i:字母：BbCcDdEe GgPp Tt音标：bi:si:

2、di:i: d ?i:pi:ti:3）含兀音音素e字母：FfLlMmNn Ss XxZz音标：efelemen es ekszed1）含元音音素eIVvvi:4）含元音音素ju:字母：UuQqWw音标：ju:kju:'d A blju:5）含兀音音素aI字母：IiYy音标：aIwaI二、英语音标英语音标一共有48个，具体如下：二代兀日12个单元音长兀日i：?： u：a短元音e? ? ? ? ? A 8个双元音aI ©?I ? I? e? ? a?辅音10对tsdz mn?清辅音ptkfs即ft? tr浊辅音bdgvze?d? dr3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wj、48个英语国际

3、音标发音规则及练习兀日1、前元音i:? e?所谓前元音是指发音时要使用舌前部，也就是说舌前部要向硬腭抬起，舌尖要抵住下齿，口形扁平，不要收圆。四个前元音中发i:的时候舌前部抬得最高，牙床近乎全合。发?的时候舌前部比i:稍低，牙床也开得稍大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。发第三个前元音e的时候舌前部比?又要第一些，牙床也开得更大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。发第四个前元音? 的时候舌前部最低，牙床开得最大。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。i:meheshethesChinesemeet?sitsix isitthismilkedeskpenbedeggred

4、? bagmapapplecathand2、后元音a :A?:?u:?所谓后元音是指发音时要使用舌的后部，也就是说舌后部要向软腭抬起。发后元音时舌尖可以不抵下齿。除了后元音a:提用中常唇外，其它四个音都要用圆唇，发音时嘴要拢圆。个别的音如 ? u:嘴唇还要向前突出。其次， 要注意后元音的舌位。五个后元音中°:两舌位最低，开口最大。A的舌位比a潸肖高，开口度比a潸肖小。?:的舌位比A又要更高一些。?的舌位比?:又要高一些，开口度再小一些。 u:的舌位最高，开口最小。发?音时，要注 意双唇收圆，不然容易发成 a:,所以学习这个音时可以先发a:,然后将双唇收圆，就会发出?音。a :part

5、halfaskclassfatherAcutlovetouchbuscome?:sortdoorsawtalkfour?putbookwoman look couldu:dozoobluerulermove?topcockboxwhatwant3 、中元音3 :?所谓中元音是指发音时要使用舌的中部，也就是说舌的中部要稍稍抬起，舌尖可以轻抵下齿，口形扁平或中常。3的舌位比?稍高。3 : bird serve term work turn? about China letter actor again上面提到了 12 个单元音。英语里还有8 个双元音。这8 个双元音又可分成两类，合口双元音和集中双

6、元音，下面分别讲解。4 、合口双元音eI aI ?I ? a?所谓“合口双元音”是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是一个合口元音?或?。发双元音时要注意从第一个元音向第二个元音滑动。在滑动过程中，口形、舌位都有明显的变化。另外，还要注意双元音的下面几个特点：1）、前长后短（前音长后音短） 。 2）、前重后轻（前音发得重，后音发得轻） 。 3）、前音清楚，后音模糊。eI cake plane snake table babyaI bike life light type nice?Itoyvoicecoinenjoyboy?goboathopeknowhomea? now how loud house

7、 out5、集中双元音I? e? ?所谓集中双元音是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是中元音? 。发音时要注意第一个元音向第二个元音滑动时的口形和舌位的变化。比如发I?时舌位由前元音I向中元音?的滑动。口形由半合的扁唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发e?时由相当于前元音e的舌位向中元音?滑动，口形由半开的中常唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发?时由后元音?向中元音 ?的滑动，口形由半合的圆唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。I ? fear beer ear hear deere?care bear fair where chair?sure tourpoor moor cure辅音1 、爆破音爆破音一共有六个，根据发音时声带

8、是否振动可以分为清辅音和浊辅音两种。清辅音有三个： p ， t ， k ；浊辅音也有三个： b ， d ， g 。这样，六个爆破音就可以归纳为清、浊相对应的三对。第一对是： p ，第二对是： t ， d ，第三对是k ， gp ，双唇音，发音时，双唇紧闭，气流从口腔冲出，送气有力；清音，发音时不震动声带。pen map top pipe cupb ，双唇音，发音时，双唇紧闭，气流从口腔冲出，送气有力；但 它在词尾时发得很轻，不如 p 送气有力；浊音，发音时震动声带。bee beep about lab batt ，齿槽音，发音时，舌端抵齿槽，气流从口腔冲出，送气有力；清音。 butter th

9、at fat debt dealerd ，齿槽音，发音时，舌端抵齿槽，气流从口腔冲出，但在词尾时发得很轻，不如 t 送气有力；浊音。desk food deep door dotk ，后舌音，发音时，后舌隆起，气流从喉咙口用力冲出，送气有力；清音，发音时不振动声带。cook book kick bucket tickg ，后舌音，发音时，后舌隆起，气流从喉咙口用力冲出，送气有力；但在词尾时发得很轻，不如 k 送气有 力；浊音，发音时振动声带。get game good dog tag2、摩擦音摩擦音一共有十个。其中八个音又可以分为清、浊音相对应的四对。第一对是唇齿摩擦音f ， v 。发音时下唇

10、轻触上齿，气流通过时摩擦成音，f是清辅音，v是浊辅音。第二对是舌齿摩擦音即，e。发音时舌尖要轻触上齿边缘。聂清辅音，e是浊辅音。第三对是舌端齿龈摩擦音 s, z。发音时舌端靠近（上）齿龈，气流通过时摩 擦成音。 s 是清辅音， z 是浊辅音。第四对是舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音? ， ? 。发音时舌端向齿龈后部靠近，气流通过时摩擦成音。 ?是清辅音， ?是浊辅音。第九个音是声门摩擦辅音h 。第十个音是舌尖齿龈后部摩擦辅音r 。发这个音时舌尖要卷起来，靠近齿龈后部。这个音的本音是r 。f foot fit after knife toughvvery fivelive cover carve0thick

11、 thank tooth mouth thinkeother the there they fathers see saw soup boss sayz zoo cause pause hers these? cash fish short wish sure? vision pleasure measure treasure visualh home hard head behind wholerred write frog carry rose3、破擦音破擦音共有六个： t ? ， d ? ， tr ， dr ， ts ， dz 。破擦音由两个成分组成：开头是爆破音，结尾是摩擦音。六个破擦

12、音也可以分成清、浊相对应的三对。第一对是 t?, d?。在t?, d?中的第一个成分，即爆破音 t , d 由于受了后面摩擦音? ， ?的影响，发音时舌位靠后，在齿龈较后部分发音。这一点也适用于第二对破擦音tr ，dr 。这里， t, d 由于受了后面摩擦音r 的影响舌位也要靠后，后面再加上r ，分别念成tr, dr 。第三对破擦音ts ， dz 中的清辅音ts 很像汉语普通话里的 c （雌、雄的“雌” ） ，加上声带振动就能发出浊辅音dz 。t ? cheap fetch chalk teach watch d ? jaw jazz danger age cage tr tree trade

13、 transport troop street drdrill dress dry dream drinkts students guests pockets puts spirits dzodds ends hands friends sends4、鼻辅音 英语里有三个鼻辅音，即 m ， n ， ? 。发鼻音时，由于口腔通道被堵住，声音只能从鼻子里出来。发第一个鼻辅音m时双唇闭拢；发第二个鼻辅音 n,（不闭嘴）舌尖要贴住上齿龈；发第三个鼻辅音 ?,（不闭嘴）舌后部 要抬起来，贴住软腭。mmymakefarmmapnumbernnewnightknifenearfinish?longinkba

14、nkthinksing5、舌边音英语里的舌边音有两种发音方法。 1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音，它的发音是l ； 2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音，它的发音是l 。发这个音时可以先摆好发后元音?的舌位，然后把舌端贴住上齿龈。这样发出来的音就是l。l清晰舌边音 law lake follow large last模糊舌边音 little gentle middle article giggle people6、半元音半元音M, j的舌位和元音u： , i：相似，但半元音的发音方法和元音不同。元音可以单独成音，可以延长。 半元音则不能单独成音，不可延长，必须很快滑向它后面的元音，和元音拼

15、合在一起发音。由于这一特点也有人把 半元音w , j称为“滑音”。wwhywhatswimwashwhitejyesyellowyouyetbeyond四、课本单词enjoyable 有乐趣的encouragement 鼓励experience 经历，体验cooking做饭；烹饪，烹调assembly集会，会议for free 免费headmaster 校长extra 额外的，外加的earn获得；赚，挣得fond喜爱的，喜欢的respect尊敬，敬重be fond of 喜爱，喜欢devote 致力于；献身Spanish 西班牙语（的）；西班牙人（的）literature 文学sculptur

16、e雕像，雕塑average 一般的，普通的；平均的dessert 甜点struggle 奋斗，努力；挣扎， 难事；斗争；努力look back (on) 回忆，回顾challenging具有挑战性的satisfaction 满忌五、课文M1U1 School life in the UKGoing to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because s

17、chool starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m. This means I could get up an hour later than usual as schools in China begin before 8 a.m.On the first day, all students went to attend assembly. I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane. We soon became best friends. During assembly, the headmaste

18、r told us about the rules of the school. He also told us that the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China.I had many teachers in the past year and they each taught only one subject. Mr Heywood was my class teacher. My fa

19、vourite teacher was Miss Burke. She was the teacher who taught us English literature. In our class there were 29 students. This is about the average size for British schools. We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes, so it was diffi

20、cult to remember all the faces and names.I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit challenging for me at first because all the homework was in English. I felt lucky as all my teachers were very helpful and I enjoyed all my subjects: English, Histo

21、ry, English Literature, Computer Science, Maths , Science, PE, Art, Cooking and French.My English improved a lot as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library. I usually went to the Computer Club at lunchtime, so I could e-mail my family and friends back

22、 home for free. I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings. Cooking was really fun as I learned how to buy, prepare and cook food. At the end of term we held a class party and we all had to cook something, I was glad that all my classmates enjoyed the cake that I made.Students at that scho

23、ol have to study Maths, English and Science, but can drop some subjects if they don 't like them, for example, History, French and Art. They can choose other subjects like Woodwork, Computer Science or Languages such as Spanish and German. In Woodwork class I made a small table. Though it didn&#

24、39;t look like a table when it was finished, Istill liked it very much.I missed Chinese food a lot at lunchtime. British food is very different. British people eat lots of desserts after their main meal. After lunch, we usually played on the school field. Sometimes I played football with the boys. S

25、ometimes I just relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass.I was very lucky to experience this different way of life, and I really hope that someday I can go back and study in Manchester again.Tell the sentences True or False:1. Wei Hua's favorite teacher was Mr. Heywood2. Most British classes hav

26、e fewer than thirty students.3. Wei Hua had more homework in her school in China.4. It was very expensive for Wei Hua to communicate with her parents.5. In the UK, students can choose to stop studying any subject.6. The cake made by Wei Hua did not taste good.Project Starting a New School ClubWe hav

27、e a radio club in our school. It is great because it is run by the students for the school. I am lucky as I am one of the hosts.It was started 2 years ago as CD layers were not allowed in school. One day I just began thinking about music if music could be played during break time. He approved the id

28、ea, and 2 years later I am the oldest student member of the radio club.Our club is much more than just music. Every morning we tell students about the weather and recent news, puls some special messages that teachers want us to broadcast.During exam time we have a special programme that tells studen

29、ts the things they should or shouldn 't do for preparation. At the end of the school year, many students who are graduating use our club to give messages to their close friends and teachers.When parents come to visit the school and talk to the teachers in the evening, we always play songs sung b

30、y students, and we also give special messages to inform the parents of events such as outings and school plays.I'm graduating soon. I shall miss the radio club, but I know that it will continue without me.(Kate Jones)Our school club Poets of the Next Generations ' was started by our English

31、teacher Mr Owen. We meet on the last Friday of every month to talk about poems and poets that we like. When we meet, we first select poems that we love, and then read them out loud. We do this in a group and listen to each other talking about poems in our group meetings.When I attended the first mee

32、ting, I was required to write a poem and I had to read it out to the group. It was a little scary at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying. I once read a poem about nature in our school garden. I chose an old and circled everyone around it before I read. The group

33、 said it was one of the best poems they had heard.六、拓展练习 I.完形填空A teenage girl couldn '馈stand her family rules, so she left home.She wanted to be a star and became famous. But she had a little education and 1 years later, she had to ask for food on the street for a living. Now her father has died

34、. Her mother is an old woman. But she is still 2 her daughter. She has been to every corner of the city. Everywhere she goes, she _3_ a big photo of her daughter on the wall. At the lower part of the photo she writes,“I still love you Come back home!”One day, the daughter saw one of the photos. She

35、was so surprised that she couldn' t/elieve hethat me?” Shmoved 5 and read the words, “I still love you " She cried. She coulback home. Whain she got home, it was early morning. She pushed the door. The door opened itself. She rushed to the bedroom at once. Her mother was sleeping there. She

36、 7 her mother up, "It ' s me! Your daughter is back home!” The mother and daughter looked at each cexcitement, full of happy tears. The daughter asked, 8 is the door unlocked? A thief could get in." The mother ansoftly, “ The door has never locked you left. We miss you all the time. We

37、 believe that you' ll come back soiAs everyone knows, parents love their children forever. Children should also understand their parents and share their happiness, sadness, even everything with their parents. 10 this way, both parents and children can be happy.1. A. a littleB. a fewC. muchD. mor

38、e2. A. looking forB. looking afterC. looking atD. looking up3. A. sets onB. puts upC. cuts upD. makes up4. A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. head5. A. fartherB. furtherC. closerD. away6. A. goingB. goC. to goneD. to go7. A. wakeB. wakesC. wokeD. waking8. A. whatB. whoC. whenD. why9. A. sinceB. forC. beforeD.

39、unless10. A. withB. inC. byD. onII.阅读理解I came to study in the United States a year ago .Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.After the accident .my roommate called a doctor for me. I was ve

40、ry grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I ' d have to have a good lawyer. A

41、nd only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to

42、see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time .The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did an

43、ything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him. And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for timeand I left witho

44、ut getting a cent.1. The author ' s roommate offered to help him becaus .A. he felt sorry for the authorB.he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a verygood oneD.he wanted the author to have a good lawyer2. A good doctor is essential for the author to.A. be properl

45、y treatedB.talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD.eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury3. The word charge "in the third paragraph means.A. be responsibleB. giveC. ask as a priceD. claim4. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this

46、passage are very.A. friendlyB. selfishC. professionalD. busy5. What conclusion can you draw from the story?A. Going to court is something very common in America.B. One must be very careful while driving a car.C. There are more bad sides in America than good sides.D. Money is more important than othe

47、r things in the US.III . Project 单词surf冲浪opening hours开放时间academic学业的，学术的run管理；操作exchange交换；交流host主持人；主人，东道主former以前的approve批准，通过：赞成，同意graduate毕业生，毕业charge使承担责任；收费，负责，掌管fluent流利的in charge of负责.掌管painting绘画，绘画作品schoolmate同学，校友donate捐赠broadcast广播，播放kindness善意preparation准备，筹备splendid极佳的，非常好的event重要）事件；

48、社交活动；比赛项目independent独立的outing短途旅行，远足make use of利用graduation毕业title 书的）名称；（文章的）题目，篇名poet诗人dynasty朝代，王朝generation一代，一代人somehow不知为什么；不知怎么地literary乂字的recent新近的，最近的select选择，挑选professor教授courtyard庭院，院子inform通知，告知composition作品，成分IV .完形填空Once upon a time there was a child ready to be 1. So one day he asked

49、God, They tell me you are sending me to 2 tomorrow, but how am I going to live there being so 3 and 4 ?” God replied, Among the many angels, I chose 5 for you. She will be 6 you and will take care of you.”But the child wasn 't sure he really wanted to go. But tell me, here in 7 , I 8 do anything

50、 else but sing and smile. That's enough for me to be 9 " Your angel will sing for you and will also smile for you every day. And you will feel your angel's 10 and be happy.”And how am I going to be able to understand when people talk to me,“ the child continued, if I don't know the

51、language that men talk?"God patted him on 11 head and said, Your angel will tell you the most beautiful and 12 words you will ever hear, and with much 13 and care, your angel will teach you how to speak.”And what am I going to do when I want to talk to you? ” God had an answer to that question

52、too. Your angel will place your hands together and will teach you how to 14 .”ve heard that on earth there are bad men, who will 15 me?” Your angel will defend you 16 it means risking her life! ” But I will always be sad because I will not see you anymore, “the child continued cautiously. God smiled

53、 on the young one. Your angel will always talk to you about me and will teach you the way for you to come back to me, even though I will always be 17 you.”At that moment, there was much 18 in Heaven, but voices from earth could already be heard. The child knew he had to start on his 19 very soon. He

54、 asked God one more question, softly, Oh God, if I am about to leave now, please tell me my angel's name.”God touched the child on the shoulder and answered, Your angel's name is not hard to remember. You will simply call her 20 .”1. A. fallenB. leftC. bornD.dead2. A. earthB. moonC. universeD. heaven3. A. youngB. smallC. nothingD. threatened4. A. desperateB. hopelessC. 1onelyD. helpless5. A. itB. the oneC. herD. one6. A. visitingB. giving birth toC. waiting forD. adopting7. A. the worldB. earthC. heavenD. home8. A. don't