非谓语动词教学设计

1、句型式语法教学教学设计-非谓语动词I教材分析：本节课为语法课，学习非谓语动词各种形式及其用法；非谓语动词作主、宾、 表、定、状、补语等的用法；掌握可以用非谓语动词作宾语的词；复合结构及独 立结构的构成和用法。教师通过特殊句型的展示，让学生分析句子中所包含的非 谓语动词的语法规则，总结并掌握其语法规则的使用，以练习题的形式检验掌握 的结果。II教学重点难点：1不定式的基本用法；2. 现在分词和过去分词的区别；3. 非谓语动词作定语、宾补、状语的用法；4. 非谓语动词作定语、宾补、状语的用法III三维目标：1. 知识技能目标：帮助学生理清非谓语动词的基本含义，在句子中所起的成分以及在句子中的使用方

2、法。让学生学会总结并掌握语法规则。根据新课标，要求学生掌握并能运用进行时，并能够通过“输出”环节表达出来。2. 过程方法目标：鼓励学生积极参加课堂活动，体现以学生为中心的课堂教学 目标。通过学生个人探究和小组合作学习让学生更好地融入课堂教学。3情感态度目标：通过这节课的学习，让学生参与课堂，总结要点，从而增强 学生学习英语的兴趣和自信心IV教学方法：语法翻译法，归纳总结法，讨论法，发现法 V教学过程：（l）Lead ing inQuestion 1什么是非谓语动词？在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。非谓语动 词分为三种形式：动名词，不定式和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）

3、 即：动名词： doing;不定式：to do;分词：doing doneQuestion2非谓语动词的时态与语态1）、不定式时态语态主动被动一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have bee n done进行式to be dong无2）、动名词时态语态主动被动一般式doingbeing done元成式hav ing donehav ing bee n done3）、分词时态语态主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式hav ing donehav ing bee n doneHe came here to borrow a book.I pre

4、te nded to be read ing whe n mother came in.She is said to have bee n se nt to europe on bus in essBeing a student, he was interested in books.Having done his homework, he went to bed.The questi on being discussed is importa nt.否定形式：not +不定式，not +动名词， not +现在分词注：1.动词不定式的一般式：所表示的动作常发生在谓语动词的动作之后或与谓语 动

5、词所表示的动作同时进行；动词不定式进行式：所表示的动作正在进行；动词不定式完成式：所表示的动作则在谓语动词的动作之前发生。2. 动词ing的一般式：所表示的动作在谓语动词之前、后或同时进行要看语境； 动词ing的完成式：所表示的动作在谓语动词之前发生。Question3非谓语动词的句法功能主语宾语表语定语状语补语动名词不定式分词Ask the stude nts to look through the form and decide how to finsh it.(a rem in ded questi on )II.Explanation(通过句型展示的方式，进行训练，然后总结非谓语动词的

6、句法功 能，以及句法功能的解决规则)一、 作主语：动词不定式短语；动名词短语 the work in ten minutes is very hard. ( finish) 十分钟之内完成这项工作 是很难的。 your heart means failure. ( lose)灰心意味着失败。 aloud is very helpful. ( Read) 朗读是很有好处的。 stamps is in teresti ng. (Collect) 集由 E很有趣。二、it作形式主语：动词不定式短语、动名词短语 It is very hardthe work in ten minutes. (fini

7、sh )十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。 It means failure your heart. (lose) 灰心意味着失败。 It's no use(quarrel)争吵是没用的。总结：常用句式有：It takes sb.+some time+to doIt+be+形容词 +of (for) sb +to do。it is / was no use / good + doing sth.it is / was not any use / good + doing sth.it is / was of little use / good + doing sth.it is / wa

8、s useless doing sth.it is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。it is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处三、做宾语 I promised（buy） a gift whe n I met him.我承诺下次见他给他买个礼物 I lost my job,so I could n'afford（buy）the car 我对了我的工作，所以我买不起那辆车。 She has arrange（see） her pare nts next week也已经安排

9、好下周去看她父母。. They have n't finishedthe dam. （ build ）他们还没有建好大坝。 We are looking forward tobeijing.（visit）我们一直期待着去参观北京。（通过让学生练习填写句型空格，得知分别填写to buy;to buy ;to seebuiding; visiting ）句型总结：主语+谓语动词+宾语to do ; doing +其他思考：宾语使用如何区别动词不定式和动名词？（通过观察，学生会发现不同的谓语动词会用不同形式的宾语）总结1.常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：wan t,hope,wish,offe

10、r,fail,pla n,learn,prete nd,refuse,ma nage,help,agree,promise,prefer2. 动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid （避免）,excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit （承认）,deny （否认），mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk （冒险），appreciate（感激）,be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't

11、 help情不自禁地）,think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent （from）,keep from, stopromprotect from, set about, be en gaged in, spe nd（in）, succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to,pay atte nti on to, in sist on, feel like拓展： We found it no good making fun of others.我们发现取笑他人不好动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾

12、语it Marx found jt important to study the situation in Russia, 马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定 式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：句型：主语+谓语动词（feel,make find have,take等动词）+ it +宾语补足语+不定式（动名词）+其他四、rememberforget/mean/try/ regret/stopcontinue为谓语动词后可接不定式和动名词，意义大不同。We rememberedthe film.（see）我们记得看过这部电

13、影。I regrethis advice.（ follow）我后悔没听他的劝告Your failure mea nsthe work agai n. （do你 的失败意味着得重做这件工作。总结 remember , forget , try , mean , stop , reget ,want , need , require1）forget to do忘记要去做某事（此事未做forget doi ng忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生2）stop to do停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doi ng停止正在或经常做的事3）remember to do记住去做某事（未做）

14、remember doing记得做过某事（已做）4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾regret doi ng对做过的事遗憾、后悔5) try to do努力、企图做某事try doing试验、试一试某种办法6) mean to do打算，有意要mea n doing意味着7) go on to do继而(去做另外一件事情) go on doi ng继续(原先没有做完的事情)8) propose to do打算(要做某事) propos ing doing 建议(做某事)9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do表示具体行为；+doi ng sth表示抽象、倾向

15、概念五、作表语：不定式、动名词和分词A. 不定式作表语His wish is(buy) a luxurious car in the near future他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。The most important thing is(negotiate) with them about the future of the plan最重要的事情是要和他们关于未来的计划做个商讨。总结：女口果主语是以 aim, duty, hope, idea, happ in ess job, pla n, problem, purpose thing, wish等为中心的名词，或以 what引导

16、的名词性从句，不定式 作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。B. 动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。Our work is(serve) the people我们的工作是为人民服务。His : hobby is( collect)stamps.他的爱好是集邮。C. 分词作表语Travelling is(interest) but tiring .旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。The argume nt is very(con vi nee).他的论点很令人信服。They were very(excite)at the news 听分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分

17、词做表语，现在 分词应该是“令人”，过去分词则是“感到。所以，凡表示“令人的” 都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用-ed形式。Brain stormi ng:这类词常见的有：interesting使人感到高兴-interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的-excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的-delighted感到高兴的 disappo inting 令人失望的-disappo in ted感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的-encouraged感至U鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的-puz

18、zled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的-satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的-surprised感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的-worried 感至U担心的六、做定语(后置)：不定式、分词。He was the last one(leave) school yesterday 昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。The train (arrive) was from london.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 The child (stand)over there is my brother站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。The room(face) sout

19、h is our classroom 朝南的房间是我们的教Have you read the novel(write) by dicke ns ?你读过狄更斯写的小说吗？Those(elect) as committee members will atte nd the meeti ng.当选为委员的人将出席这次会。总结：不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系现在分词表示主动意义，正在进行；过去分词一般表示被动含意，状态或做完(完 成)的事。拓展：下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意：作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：v - ing和过去分词。v - ing表示正

20、在进行； 过去分词表示已经完成。如：falli ng leaves正落的叶子falle n leaves落下的叶子boiling water正沸腾的水boiled water沸腾过的水(白七、做状语：不定式，分词1. (shut) the door behind him, he went out他出去后将门随手关上。2. They stood by the roadside (talk) about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划3. (give) more atte nti on, the trees could have grow n better. 如果对这些树多关心一些，

21、它们本来会长得更好。4. (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。5. They stood by the roadside(talk) about the plan他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的)6. Tom hurried to the home,onl (fin d)he left the key at the office.Tom急匆匆的回到家，结果发现钥匙忘在办公室了。分析：小题1，2填shutting,talking,因为动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系；小题 3, 4选填

22、given，faced因为动词与其逻辑主语是被动关系；小题 5，6选填to talk,to find,因为分别做目的状语和“意料之外”的结果状语，而且动词与其逻辑主语 是主动关系。总结：1. 分词作状语的基本原则分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。2. 分词作状语的句法功能分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、 伴随状况等。(2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别1) 分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。2) 动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。

23、3. 基本句型（试题句型）：不定式或分词+宾语+其他，+主句（通常是完整的句子）（判断用动词的那种形式，主要看动词和主句主语的逻辑关系，主动用现在分词， 被动用过去分词，表目的或结果等时可用不定式。）4. 下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的：a： not/never tooto, toonot to , but/only too to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义b:做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find, hear,see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。c：不定

24、式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用 for引导主语。八、做宾语补足语：不定式，分词句型：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语要点：宾语补足语的判断主要看在谓语动词的动作下，与宾语的逻辑关系，并根据谓语动词的种类含义，可分为下列几种方面：1 不定式作宾语补足语，如：ask sb to do sth （sb作宾语，to do sth作宾补，宾语+宾补二复合宾语）。类似的动词有: invite, tell, want, encourage, advise, order, requir, foce, beg, cause, allow, permit ,forbid （禁止），warn （警告

25、），remind, teach, call on 号召），depend on 指望）， would like / love （想要），prefer, wish, expect, （hope不带复合宾语）注： help sb （to） do sth.句型：主语+谓语（以上例词）+sb.sth.+to do sth.2、使役动词后接不带to的不定式let / make / have sb do sth.但使役动词的被动语态常用：be made to do sth.注：get sb to do sth .也译成 让某人做 Though he had often made his little sis

26、ter, today he was madeby his little sister.A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry3、感官动词后作宾补的非谓语形式感官动词：feel, see, hear, watch, notice句型：感官动词+ sb + do / doi ng / done分别表示全过程、正在发生、被动完成）1）They knew her very well. They had see n herup from childhood.A. grow B. grew C. was grow ing D.

27、 to grow A2）The miss ing boy was last see nn ear the river.A. playi ng B. to be playi ng C. play D. to play A4> with的复合结构：with +宾+宾补。作宾补的词可以是：形容词、副词（in, out）, 介词短语，非谓语形式）。With的复合结构的宾补中的非谓语形式to do表示将 来，doing表示主动和进行，done表示被动和完成。且with后面的宾语与其后的 宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。1）with+宾语+介词短语He was asleep with his head

28、 on his arms.2）with+宾语+过去分词（宾语与宾补之间是被动关系）All the after noon he worked with the door locked.3）with+宾语+现在分词（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系）With win ter coming on , it's time to buy warm clothes.4) with+宾语+to do (不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.5) with+宾语+形容词/副词An ders on was lyi ng o

29、n the bed with all his clothes on.The murderer was brought in, with his handsbehi nd his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied D5、have句型：have sb do sth, have sb/ sth doing, have sb /sth done have sth done表示两种意义：请别人做，而不是主语做；意外事故引起的。如: He did n ' keep on ask ing me the time any I

30、on ger as he had had his watchA. to repair B. repaired C. repairi ng D. repair B6、find + 宾语 + 宾补(doing / done) , keep + 宾+doing, catch sb + doing 撞见某 人在做)，smell sb +doing (察觉到某人在做)He looked around and caught a manhis hand into the pocket of a passager.A. put B. to be putt ing C. to put D. putt ing D

31、7、表示 认为”的 think, believe, consider, judge等，常用句型：think sb (to be )+ adj. / n. , be con sidered to have done stl被 认为已做了某事8、make on eself un derstood / heard / known 即用了过去分词作作宾补9、句型 It is said / reported / thought / known that 可变成：sb / sth be said / reported to have done sth.女口： Robert is saidabroad, b

32、ut don' know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to study C. to be study ing D. to have bee n study ing A九、特殊的独立结构常见的独立主格结构有如下几种：1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如：The girl (stare) at him (= as the girl stared at him), he didn t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。Time(permit) (= i

33、f time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.女口果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如：The problems (solve) (= as the problems were solved), the quality has bee n improved.随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。Her glasses(break)(= because her glasses were broke n), she coufdrt see thewords on the blackboard.由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的 是一次具体性的动作。如：He is going to make a model pla ne, some old parts ( help).借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。They said good-bye to each other, one (go)