听力基础词汇

1、（一）短对话1. 短对话常见基础场景.     医疗场景基础词汇：a, 医生和病人doctor医生surgeon外科医生physician内科医生 therapist治疗医师dentist牙科医生patient患者，病人b, 药品名称aspirin阿司匹林pain-killer止痛片pill/tablet片剂drug/medicine药品syrup（含药）糖浆hypnotic= sleeping pill安眠药c, 疾病名称pneumonia肺炎fever/temperature发烧flu/influenza流行性感冒cough咳嗽stomachache

2、胃疼toothache牙疼 cancer癌症fracture骨折malaria 疟疾insomnia失眠d, 身体部位tooth牙齿forehead额头throat咽喉 ankle脚踝stomach胃liver肝脏 kidney肾脏heart心脏lung肺wrist腕部e, 其他相关词汇examine检查recipe处方prescription处方，药方 ward病房，病室infirmary医务室emergency room急诊室surgery外科手术therapy治疗，疗法physical therapy理疗经典考题：例1：1999年1月真题10. A) The admission of a

3、 patient.B) Diagnosis of an illness.C) The old mans serious condition.D) Sending for a doctor.听力原文：M: Hello, this is doctor Marita from the emergency department. I have a 70-year-old patient with a fractured ankle.W: OK, send him to ward 3.Q: What are they talking about on the phone?题目解析：通过选项的内容提示，猜

4、到题目很可能与医疗场景相关。听到原文答案点doctor, emergency department, patient, fractured ankle, 以及女人的答语send him to ward 3（送到三号病房）可知是在谈论接收病人，即admission of a patient。答案A。 例2：2006年6月真题8. A) In a restaurant. B) In the library. C) At the dentists. D) At a bookstore.听力原文：M: Im afraid there won't be time to do anoth

5、er tooth today. Make sure you don't eat anything like steaks for the next few hours. And we'll fill the other cavity tomorrow.W: All right! Actually, I must hurry to the library to return some books.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?题目解析：通过选项的内容提示知道该题就地点提问。听到原文答案点tooth,

6、 eat, fill the other cavity (补蛀牙) 可以知道答案是牙医诊所。迷惑选项是女人读到的library即选项B。答案C。 .     校园场景基础词汇：a, 选课，退课等相关动作以及课程名称selective /optional course选修课 required course/ compulsory必修课take the course选课drop the course退课register注册 sign up for the course选课pick up = learn学习、选(课)cancel取消full报满pla

7、y truant逃学skip the class翘课lecture讲座seminar讨论班workshop专题讨论会credit学分introductory course初级课程advanced course高级课程computer course计算机psychology course心理学philosophy哲学physics物理学 economics经济学computer science计算机科学sociology社会学 geology地质学chemistry化学biology生物学biochemistry生物化学science理科arts文科b, 作业及考试的说法homework/ as

8、signment作业book report读书报告presentation课堂展示 reading list书单turn in/ hand in hand上交deadline最后期限 due到期 extension延期paper / essay论文 term paper学期论文thesis毕业论文proposal开题报告mid-term exam期中考试final exam期末考试quiz测验 pop quiz不提前通知的考试grade/ score分数pass及格fail 不及格passing grade及格分make-up exam补考retake重考 c, 学生会students'

9、; union学生会chairperson主席candidate候选人vote选票d, 教师的说法professor教授assistant professor助教授associate professor副教授instructor讲师tutor/ mentor/ director导师supervisor论文导师faculty全体教职员工dean系主任department系president校长 e, 年级及学位的名称freshman大一学生sophomore大二年级生junior student大三学生 senior student大四学生，高年级生undergraduate student本科

10、生 graduate/postgraduate student研究生graduate school研究生院bachelor's degree学士学位master's degree硕士学位doctor's degree博士学位post-doctor student博士后alumni/ alumnus校友经典考题：例1：2003年6月真题  8. A) Do the assignments towards the end of the semester.     B) Quit the history course and choos

11、e another one instead.    C) Drop one course and do it next semester.    D) Take courses with a lighter workload.听力原文：M: Mr. Smith, our history professor, announced we would be doing two papers and three exams this semester. I wonder how I'm going to pull through wh

12、en two other courses have similar requirements.W: Well, can't you drop one course and pick it up next semester?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?题目解析：通过选项的内容提示知道该题就校园场景的选课、退课内容提问。女人的话中cant you drop one course and pick it up next semester，是答案点的位置，用cant you引导建议。选项C中，do it 即替换原文中的pick it up

13、。答案C。 例2：2002年6月真题  1. A) Registering for course.     B) Getting directions.     C) Buying a new computer.     D) Studying sociology.听力原文：W: The deadline for the sociology and computer courses is the day after tomorrow. M: But I haven't deci

14、ded which courses to take yet. Q: What are the man and woman talking about？题目解析：该题涉及到校园场景之选课。注意短语register for的意思“注册一门课程/选课”，作为替换，在男人答语中出现take。答案A。 例3：2002年1月真题  7. A) The deadline is drawing near.    B) She can't meet the deadline.    C) She turned in the

15、proposals today.    D) They are two days ahead of time.听力原文：M: When are we supposed to submit our project proposals, Jane?W: They are due by the end of the week. We've only two days left. We'll just have to hurry.Q: What does the woman mean?题目解析：注意due“到期”的意思，此外We've only t

16、wo days left. We'll just have to hurry.同样在提示A选项“截止期限临近了”。符合统计规律：作业总是时间不够用。答案A。 例4：2009年12月真题  14. A) They were both chairpersons of the students' union.     B) They have known each other since their schooldays.     C) They are going to hold a

17、 reunion party.     D) They have been in close touch by email.听力原文：W: I received an email yesterday from Henry. Do you remember he was one of the chairpersons of our Students Union?M: Yes, but I havent heard from him for ages. Actually, I have been out of touch with him since our

18、 first reunion after graduation.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?题目解析： 该题体现校园场景之学生会的内容。but I havent heard from him for ages. Actually, I have been out of touch with him since our first reunion after graduation 其中,out of touch意思是“失去联系”，first reunion after graduation“第一次毕业后的重聚”，说明两个人的关系可以追溯到学生时期

19、schooldays,“他们从学生时期就认识对方了”。另外，大家会注意到ACD三项的大部分单词或短语都被读到，这正是“视听反向”的解题思路，这一点将在之后的内容中继续讲解。答案B。 例5：2002年12月真题  10. A) Selecting the best candidate.     B) Choosing a campaign manager.     C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him.    

20、 D) Running for chairman of the student union.听力原文：M: You are my campaign manager. What do you think we should do to win the election? Im convinced Im the best candidate for the chairman of the Student Union.W: We wont be able to win unless you get the majority votes from the women students.Q:

21、What is the man doing?题目解析：这道题涉及到学生会主席的竞选。从what do you think we should do to win the election“你认为我们如何才能赢得竞选”, the best candidate for the chairman of the Student Union“最好的学生会主席候选人”，以及get the majority votes from the women students“获得女生的多数选票”来判断男人此刻正参与学生会主席的竞选。答案D。 例6：2011年6月真题  13. A) Mark i

22、s not fit to take charge of the Student Union.     B) Mark is the best candidate for the post of chairman.     C) It wont be easy for Mark to win the election.     D) Females are more competitive than males in elections.听力原文：W: Mark is the

23、best candidate for chairman of the student union, isnt he?M: Well, that guy won't be able to win the election unless he gets some majority vote from women students. And Im not sure about that.Q: What does the man mean?题目解析：同例5相似，这道题也涉及到学生会主席的竞选。通过男人的话进行语义推断，wont be able to win the election unles

24、s he gets some majority vote from women students“除非能得到女学生的多数选票否则很难在竞选中获胜”，and Im not sure about that是指“我也不确信他能否获得女生的多数选票”。于是推断出男人的意思是“Mark要赢得这场竞选并不容易”。答案C。 .     图书馆场景基础词汇：shelf书架stack书库 reading room阅览室 copier复印机study lounge自习室librarian图书管理员index索引，目录volume卷，宗library ca

25、rd借书卡check out外借catalogue书目author作者fine罚款renew续借put on reserve被限制馆内阅读magazine杂志journal期刊periodical期刊 quarterly季刊current issue现刊back issue过刊 latest number最新一期textbook教科书，课本reference book参考书经典考题：例1：1995年1月真题  3. A) A teacher.     B) A psychologist.    C) A librarian.

26、    D) A publisher.听力原文：W: I'm looking for textbook for my Psychology course. Its called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”. Do you have it?M: Yes, we do. You'll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf.Q: What's the mans occupation?题目解析：通过选项的内容提示知道该题就人物职业提问。小词textbook

27、, the top shelf知道男人的职业是图书管理员。答案C。 例2：2003年6月真题  3. A) John can share the magazine with her.     B) She wants to borrow Johns card.    C) She'll let John use the journal first.    D) John should find another copy for himself.听力原文：M: Hey, wher

28、e did you find the journal? I need it, too.W: Right here on the shelf. Dont worry, John. I'll take it out on my card for both of us.Q: What does the woman mean?题目解析：原文中I'll take it out on my card for both of us. 中both在替换A中的share。答案A。 .     修理工场景基础词汇：fix修理power电能garag

29、e车库flat tyre瘪轮胎sink水池plumber管道工wire电线heater加热器，暖气机electrician电工carpenter木匠mechanic机械师，技工repairman修理工经典考题：例1：2001年1月真题  7. A) An auto mechanic     B) An electrician    C) A carpenter    D) A telephone repairman听力原文：W: This is Mrs. Thatcher, My heater

30、is not getting any power, and the weatherman says the temperature is going to fall below zero tonight. Could you get someone to come over and fix it?M: This is the busiest time of the year. But Ill speak to one of our men about going over sometime today.Q: Whom did Mrs. Thatcher want to come over?题目

31、解析：通过选项的内容提示知道该题就人物职业提问。小词heater, power, fix知道女人现在需要修理电器设备的电工。此外，原文中the weatherman says the temperature is going to fall below zero tonight“天气预报员说今晚气温将降到零度以下”是为了提示heater的意思。答案B。 例2：2007年12月真题  15. A) A car dealer      B) A mechanic     C) A driving e

32、xaminer     D) A technical consultant听力原文：W: Its always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to be slipping.M: If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.Q: Who is the woman probably speaking to?题目解析：通过选项的内容提示知道该题就人物职业提问。小词ca

33、r, first gear（一档）, clutch（离合器）知道男人的职业是修理汽车的机械师。答案B。 .     租房及装修场景基础词汇：rent房租let出租lease租约，契约 landlord房东tenant房客utilities公用事业费hall门厅corridor/passage走廊cabinet橱柜poster海报、宣传画shower pipe淋浴管道leak漏洞，裂缝maintenance维修，保养paint油漆peel off剥落、脱落stove炉子 经典考题：例1：2010年12月真题  11. A) The ma

34、n is the manager of the apartment building.      B) The woman is very good at bargaining.     C) The woman will get the apartment refurnished.     D) The man is looking for an apartment.听力原文：W: This is one of our best and least expensive tw

35、o-bedroom listings. Its located in a quiet building and its close to bus lines.M: That maybe true. But look at it, its awful, the paint has peeled off and carpet is worn and the stove is ancient.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?题目解析： 女人的话提到了该公寓的位置和交通，男人说but look at it, its awful, the paint

36、 has peeled off and carpet is worn and the stove is ancient“但是看看这，太糟糕了，油漆都剥落了，地毯都蛀虫了，炉子也老旧”说明男人正在挑剔这个女人提供的公寓，也就是男人正在找公寓。答案D。 例2：2002年6月真题  2. A) The man will probably have to find a roommate.     B) The man is unlikely to live in the suburbs.    C) The man wil

37、l probably have to buy a car.    D) The man is unlikely to find exactly what he desires.听力原文：M: Im looking for an apartment with a monthly rent of around $200 in this neighborhood. Could you give some advice on that?W: Well. Its rather hard to find anything for less than $300 around t

38、here; rents are lower in the suburbs. But youll need transportation if you choose to live there.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?题目解析：男人希望找到200美元月租的公寓，但是女人说在这附近只有300美元月租的，在郊区可以有便宜租金的公寓但是如果住在郊区就需要买车了。也就是说男人恐怕难以找到恰好完全符合他需求的公寓。答案D。 例3：2002年12月真题  8. A) Hang some pictures for decorati

39、on.     B) Find room for the paintings.    C) Put more coats of paint on the wall.    D) Paint the walls to match the furniture.听力原文：M: How do you like the way Ive arranged the furniture in my living room?W: Fine, but I think the walls could do with a few

40、 paintings.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?题目解析：第二个人说的话but后面的内容成为答案，but I think the walls could do with a few paintings也就是建议男人可以在墙上挂一些paintings，注意此处painting的意思是“画”，也就是建议挂一些用以装饰的图画。这道题容易错选D。答案A。 .     购物消费场景基础词汇：purchase购买merchandise商品discount打折discount rate贴现率，折扣率o

41、rder订购shopping mall百货商店complain投诉compensation补偿，赔偿经典考题：例1：2010年12月真题  16. A) Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.     B) Replace the shirt with one of some other material.     C) Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt. 

42、60;  D) Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.听力原文：W: Id like to exchange the shirt. Ive learned the person I bought it for is allergic to wool.M: Maybe we can find something in cotton or silk. Please come this way.Q: What does the woman want to do？题目解析：女人想换货，其中allergic to wool意思

43、是“对羊毛过敏”。男人说也许可以找到棉质或丝质的。选项B“用其他的材质调换衬衫”为答案。答案B。 例2：2001年1月真题  4. A) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.    B) It is run by Mrs. Winters husband.    C) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.    D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.听

44、力原文：M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice, I want to buy a dress for my wife, and can you tell me where I can get one at a reasonable price?W: Sure, go to Richards. It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alone.Q: What do we know about Richards shop?题目解析：男人提到了buy a dress,

45、希望能够知道一个reasonable price的店铺。女人推荐Richards,她说It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alone.“这家店铺的货品都是最新款式并且还会给独自购物的丈夫们一个百分之三十的折扣”。也就是说这家店encourage husbands to shop on their own，选项和原文同义替换。答案D。 .     机场场景基础词汇：airport机场passport护照boarding pass登机牌lugg

46、age/baggage行李porter脚夫departure离港take off起飞land降落schedule时刻表delay/postpone推迟counter柜台economy class经济舱business class商务舱cabin机舱经典考题：例1：2002年6月真题  4. A) The woman doesnt think it a problem to get her passport renewed.    B) The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.   

47、 C) The woman hasnt renewed her passport yet.    D) The womans passport is still valid.听力原文：M: Have you run up against any problems in getting the passport renewed?W: I havent started applying yet.Q: What do we know from the conversation?题目解析：女人的答语I havent started applying yet我还没

48、申请呢。答案D，护照仍旧有效。其中，另外三项的大部分单词或短语都被读到，该题又是视听反向的例证。valid意为“（在一段时间内）有效的”。答案D。 .     酒店场景基础词汇：reserve预订（reservation）be booked up订满cancel取消suite套房，房间honeymoon suite蜜月套房standard suite标准间front desk前台hotel reception酒店接待处、前台hotel receptionist酒店接待员room service客房服务single room单人房double r

49、oom双人房经典考题：例1：2000年1月真题  1. A) To cancel his trip.    B) To go to bed early.    C) To catch a later flight.    D) To ask for a wake-up call.听力原文：M: I hope I wont oversleep. Ive simply got to catch the first flight to New York.W: If I were you, Id request the wake-up call from the hotel reception.Q: What does the woman advice the man to do?题目解析：女人说话中的建议句型是答案点If I were you, Id request the wake-up call from the hotel reception.“如果我是你，我就会从酒店前台那儿要求一个叫早服务。选项ask for替换原文中request。答案D。 .     餐厅场景基础词汇：order点菜menu菜单wine lis