中考英语专题复习专题十七完形填空第9讲完形填空

1、专题十七完形填空第9讲朝阳二模教学目标”1 .掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2 .掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3 .通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。名师点拨/知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备 ，以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示

2、。 并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优一良一差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况includingprep.包括在内Many patients were helped by Michael, including a little baby expectedadj.预料的；预期的Chris entered the world earlier thanexpected.risen./v. 上升；升起；提局Histemperature rose相关词：raisequickly choosev.选择相关词:-chose-chosenreenterv.再次进入相关词：“re- ”表示“再；又”的前缀，如re

3、writelosev.丢失；失去相关词:lose lost lost ; lose oneself incontrolv./n.控制相关词：under control; out of controlbadlyadv.1）差的2）很；非常3）严重的They are badly in need of help.a truck hit his car badly realizev.意识到imaginev.想象相 关 词：imaginationarrivev.至1J达；至1J来相关词：arrivalbelievev.信任；相信相关词：beliefaffectv.影响相关词：influencepassv

4、.1）路过2）递3）及格4）时间流逝leavev. 1）离开2）留下3）丢下leaving hints to my parents I left my bag on the bus.followv. 1）跟着2）沿着（道路）3）听从4）理解Why didn ' t you follow my advice Sorry, I can ' t follow you.reportv./n.报告；报道plainv.抱怨；埋怨相关词:plainttouchv.1）触摸2）感动n.1）触觉2）触碰3）联系Her story touched us all deeply.I ' m t

5、rying to get in touch with him.messagen.信息；消息chancen.机会effortn.努力You should putmore effort into your work.recordv.1）记录2）录首n.1）记录2）纪录3）唱片encouragev.鼓励相关词：encouragementbe known for因而出名There Michael was known for his hard work.be trapped in陷入一困境He was trapped in his car watching fire rise up around his

6、 legs.in time及时相关词：on timehold back1）抑制（感情）2）隐瞒3）阻拦all he could do was to hold back tears.二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备，以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1. Many patients were helped by Michael, including a little baby called Chris. 结构分析：本句含有“过去分词作定语”的结构，修饰名词“ baby”。句子翻译：很多病人都得到过Michael的帮助，其中包括一个叫Chris的小婴儿。仿句练习：中国

7、的很多城市都发生了很大的变化，包括以西湖而闻名的杭州。Great changes have taken place in China, including Hangzhou known for its West Lake.2. What Michael did meant the world to Chris' parents, especially the next daywhen Michael 34，. -i .，T r i ，to them that their baby's fever had gone.结构分析：本句含有1. What引导的主语从句；2. When

8、引导的定语从句，修饰名词the next day ; 3.that 引导的宾语从句。句子翻译：对Chris的父母来说，Michael所做的意味着全世界，尤其是第二天 Michael 他们他们的baby已经退烧了。仿句练习：我永远都不会忘记这个暑假，特别是我们一起追蝴蝶的那天。I ' ll never forget this summer vacation, especially the day when we chased the butterflies together.3. What Michael could never have expected was how Chris w

9、ould reenter his life 30 years later.结构分析：本句含有1. What引导的主语从句；2.how引导的表语从句。句子翻译：Michael从没有预料到的是 30年后Chris会怎样再次进入他的生活。仿句练习：我想知道的是我们要如何准时完成这个任务。What I want to know is how we can finish the task on time.4. He was trapped in his car watching fire rise up around his legs.结构分析：本句含有“ doing做伴随状语”的结构。句子翻译：他被困

10、在车里看着火在他腿的四周燃烧起来。仿句练习：我们安静的坐着，认真地听老师讲课。We sat quietly, listening to the teacher carefully.5. WhenMichael realized that the little babyhe once saved had just saved him, allhe could do was to hold back tears.结构分析：本句含有l.when引导的时间状语从句2.时间状语从句中又含有that引导的定语从句和省略引导词的定语从句3.主句部分含有省略引导词的定语从句和“to do做表语”的结构。句子翻

11、译：当Michael意识到他曾经救过的那个小婴儿刚刚救了他的性命，他所能做的就是抑制回自己的眼泪。 仿句练习：当我意识到爱和感恩是多么的重要时，我所能做的就是尽力去帮助那些急需帮助的人们。When I realized how important love and gratitude was, all I could do is to help those badly in need of help.方法篇“方法得当，事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲

12、爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连_型，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键诃可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上卜文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中 的上文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在卜一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到： 结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。、完形填空解题策略

13、方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现" 是指某一词汇以 原词、t司形变化 （如 protect 和 protection） 、同义词/近义词（如road 和trail） 、反义词（如 wrong 和 correct） 、上下义词（上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总 称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult 是 my father 的上义词； coat 是 clothes 的下义词）等里出现.在语篇之中。例题例 1: He is very kind and friendly to others. Because of his , he is quite popularwit

14、h the people around him.A. ability B. honesty C. relationshipD. kindness【分析：通过上文“He is very kind and friendly to others: 由"kind ”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】例 2: The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more andmore.A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. ha

15、rd-working【分析： 通过上文 “ The old man tends toforget things from time to time", 由 "forget ” 可知他越来越"健忘"。故选A。（forgetful "健忘的"，unforgettable "难忘的"。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对 上下文的语义和整个语篇 的理解,进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注 意挖空处的上卜文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例： When we talked, I discovered（

16、发现） some differences in school life between the US andChina. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little_17_ than thatin China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通过上文each class lasts fifty minutes in the US和卜义 We usu

17、ally have fortyminutes in each class.可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是 40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注息挖空处表不 逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折， so 表因果，first of all、 then 和finally 表顺序 等）。例题例： My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera very

18、 much, but he can' t sing6 .6. A. badlyB. easilyC. wellD. excitedly【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera "和连词"but",可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好"，故选Q】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法” 是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关， 有些内容是我们 已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，

19、该 技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异世，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animalsthat liveon land. Only some kinds of whales （鲸鱼）are bigger than elephants, but they live in the2 .1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A

20、. river B. lake C. seaD. forest【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A. biggest 。第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C. sea。方法方法五：固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们 需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例 1: Whentwo people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure

21、 that the listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to注意"，故选 D=例 2 ： but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there.10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took【分析：考查固定短语“take photos 拍照”，故选 D。】语篇精讲障碍

22、阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解 跑偏】（朝B日二模） After medical school, Michael movedto Southern California. He becamea 3l at Mission munity Hospital. There Michael was known for his hard work. Many patients were helped by Michael, including a little baby called Chris.In August 1985, Ch

23、ris entered the world earlier than expected, weighing only 1.5 kg. A few month later he was back in the hospital. His temperature rose quickly with all the symptoms of meningitis （脑膜炎症状）.Michael didn't 32 this young patient's side.aAnything could have gone wrong at thatpoint, so I stayed the

24、re through the night to make sure everything was done 33 , " Michael said. What Michael did meant the world to Chris' parents, especially the next day when Michael 34 to them that their baby's fever had gone. Then Chris' parents chose Michael to be their son's doctor for his chi

25、ldhood. When Chris finished primary school, the two lost 35 . What Michael could never have expected was how Chris would reenter his life 30 years later.At around 5 a. m. on March 29, xx, Michael was driving home when suddenly a truck 36 control and hit his car badly in front of him. "Then I fe

26、lt heat and looked down and could see fire around my legs! ” As he tried to open the door, he realized it was 37 . He was trapped（使陷入困境） in his car watching fire rise up around his legs. After more than 40 years helping othersas a doctor, suddenly he needed 38 . But he could never have imagined wher

27、e it would e from.Luckily, less than a mile away, a group of firefighters （消防队员） were ing. Guess who was in this group? It was Chris. They arrived there in time. They helped Michael out of the car and sent him tothe hospital. As Chris learned the name of the person he had just saved, he said, “I sur

28、ely 39him. But I couldn't believe it." When Michael realized that the little baby he once saved had justsaved him, all he could do was to hold back tears.“It really makes you think about40 ,“ Michael says, aEverything we do is so impor tant andaffects（影响）so many others.”文章大意为（只给出关键词即可） 参考关键

29、词：Michael; helped; Chris; 30 years later ; saved him参考答案：Michael saved a little baby called Chris and had been his doctor in his childhood. Thirtyyears later, whenMichael was trapped in his car during an accident, it was Chris who saved him.【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁；词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人物故事类记叙文3921

30、2-15分钟_/10（朝B日二模） After medical school, Michael movedto Southern California. He becamea 3l at Mission munity Hospital. There Michael was known for his hard work. Many patients were helped by Michael, including a little baby called Chris.In August 1985, Chris entered the world earlier than expected,

31、weighing only 1.5 kg. A few month later he was back in the hospital. His temperature rose quickly with all the symptoms of meningitis（脑膜炎症状）.Michael didn't32 this young patient's side.aAnything could have gone wrong at thatpoint, so I stayed there through the night to make sure everything wa

32、s done 33, " Michael said.What Michael did meant the world to Chris' parents, especially the next day when Michael 34 to them that their baby's fever had gone. Then Chris' parents chose Michael to be their son's doctor for his childhood. When Chris finished primary school, the t

33、wo lost 35 . What Michael could never have expected was how Chris would reenter his life 30 years later.At around 5 a. m. on March 29, xx, Michael was driving home when suddenly a truck 36 control and hit his car badly in front of him. "Then I felt heatand looked down and could see fire around

34、my legs!” As he tried to open the door, he realized it was37 . He was trapped （使陷入困境） in his car watching fire rise up around his legs. After more than 40 years helping others as a doctor, suddenly he needed 38 . But hecould never have imagined whereit would e from.Luckily, less than a mile away, a

35、group of firefighters （消防队员） were ing. Guess who was in this group? It was Chris. They arrived there in time. They helped Michael out of the car and sent him to the hospital. As Chris learned the name of the person he had just saved, he said,“I surely39him. But I couldn't believe it." When

36、Michael realized that the little baby he once saved hadjustsaved him, all he could do was to hold back tears.“It really makes you think about40 ," Michael says, aEverything we do is so important andaffects （影响）so many others.”31.A. teacherB. driverC. doctorD.worker32. A. missB. passC. leaveD. f

37、ollow33. A. fastB. rightC. warmlyD. slowly34. A. reportedB. listenedC. showedD. plained35. A. hopeB. touchC. trustD.message36. A. hadB. keptC. lostD.took37. A. openB. shutC. safeD. cold38. A. helpB. wishC. chanceD.effort39. A. recordB. interruptC. encourageD. remember40. A. studyB. dreamC. timeD. li

38、fe语篇精讲：参考答案：31 35 CCBAB 36 40 CBADD文章大意：本文讲述了一位叫作 Michael的医生很多年前救治了一名叫Chris的小婴儿，多年后在一场车祸中，他又被Chris救命的故事。答案解析：31.通过上文“After medical school, Michael moved to Southern California.",可知 Michael学的是医学专业，因此可推断出他毕业后成为一名医生。故选Co32 .通过下文“I stayed ther e through the night”可知 Michael在那儿待了一晚上，可推断出他没有离开， 故选C33

39、 .通过上文“Anything could have gone wrong at that point ”可知在那个时刻任何事情都很有可能出错， 因此可推断出Michael留在那里是为了确保一切都正确，故选B。34 .通过下文“their baby's fever had gone "可知孩子退烧了，因此可推断出作为医生的Michael应该是向孩子父母报告这件事情，故选Ao35. 通过下文 “ What Michael could never have expected was how Chris wouldreenter his life30 yearslater. ”可知

40、他们有很长时间失去了联系，另外“ lose touch ”为固定搭配，意为“失去联系”。故选B。36 .通过下文“hit his car badly in front of him. ”could see fire around my legs!""可知 Michael 出了车祸，因此可推断出是那辆卡车失去了控制进而撞了 Michael的车才导致的车祸，故选 C37 .通过上文“he tried to open the door "和下文"He was trapped in his car ”可知他困在车里了门打不 开，故选B。38 .通过上文“Afte

41、r more than 40 years helping others as a doctor ”,可知 Michael 现在需要帮助，故 选A。39 .通过下文“Chris learned the name of the person he had just saved”可知当年的那个小孩也就是现在的消防员Chris记起了当年救他的医生Michael ,故选Db40 . 通过下文 “Everything we do is so important and affects（影响） so many others. ” 可知这是 Michael得出的一些生活感悟，故选 D精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导

42、下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇 【至少掌握10个】单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）realize语篇中的学到的方法 【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握2个】方法一:词汇复现法如：本篇文早中的 38. （help ）方法二:上下文推理法方法三:逻辑推理法方法四:文化背景常识法方法五:固定搭配法能力提升/基础过关、词汇/短语翻译单词词性及词义备注1including2adj.预料的；预期的3rise翻译：His temperature rose quickly.4v.选择5reenter相关词：“re- ”表示“ ”的前缀6lose7v./n.控制

43、8badlyadv.1) 差 的 2) 3)提示： They are badly in need of help. a truck hit his carbadly 9v.意识到10imagine名词：11arrive名词：12v.信任；相信13affect14v.1）路过2）递3）及格4）时间流15leavev. 1) 21 3116followv. 1）跟着2）沿着（道路） 314） _一提示： Why didn' t you follow my advice ? Sorry, I can ' t follow you.17report18plain19touchv.1)触

44、摸 2)n.1)触觉2)触碰3)翻译： Her story touched us all deeply.WhenChris finished primary school, the two lost touch.20message21n.机会22effort23record24encourage25be known for26be trapped in27in time28hold back二、句子翻译1 .很多病人都得到过 Michael的帮助，其中包括一个叫Chris的小婴儿。2 .对Chris的父母来说，Michael所做的意味着全世界，尤其是第二天Michael告诉他们他们的 baby

45、已经退烧了。3 . Michael从没有预料到的是30年后Chris会怎样再次进入他的生活。4 .他被困在车里看着火在他腿的四周燃烧起来。5 .当Michael意识到他曾经救过的那个小婴儿刚刚救了他的性命，他所能做的就是抑制回自己的眼泪。6 .完形练习（朝阳二模） Finally I got my drivinglicense（ 驾照）last summer. Momdecided to go with me to takemy first trip around an empty parking lot. I knew my mother was an excellent 31 . She

46、had driven over 20 years without getting one ticket. However, I found that she was not the best teacher for me.It wasn't that she shouted, or told me that I was doing poorly. Her“helpful instructions ”32managed to make me more nervous.Since I could no longer practice with her, the job was 33 in

47、the hands of my father. The idea of learning from Dad was not so 34 . I loved him dearly, but I just did not see Dad as someone I could be fortable learning from. He almost never talked. We shared a typicalfather-daughterrelationship. He ' d ask how school was, and I ' d say it was fine. Unl

48、uckily, that was the most of our 35 . Spending several hours alone with someone who might as well have been a stranger really frightened me.As we got into the car that first time, I was not surprised at what happened. Dad and I drove around, saying almost nothing, except for a few instructions on ho

49、w to turn. As my lessons went on, however, things began to 36 . Dad would turn the radio 37 so I could fully enjoy his favorite music. Then he actually began 38. I was soon hearing about past failed dates, “basic body“ gym class, and other stories from his past, including some of his first meeting w

50、ith Mom.I thought why Dad was telling me so much in the car. In all the years that I had 39 why my father never spoke that much, I had never stopped to consider that it was because I had never stopped to listen. Homework, friends, and even TV had all called meaway from him, and I never thought my 40

51、 father had anything to say.Since I began driving with him, my driving skill has greatly increased. More important is thatI got to know my father more and more. Just living with him wasn't enough it took driving with himfor me to get to know someone who was a mystery（神秘）.31. A. doctorB. workerC. writerD. driver32. A. everB. onlyC. stillD. yet33. A. droppedB. returnedC. placedD. started34. A. excitingB. surprisingC. movingD. hurting35. A. instructi