九年级构词法专题复习(鲁教版)

1、构词法专题复习一、复习目标：初步了解英语词汇的构成方法，并通过构成法知识，认识未学过的单词，扩充词汇量。二、复习重点：掌握已学过的几种常见的前缀、后缀构词及含义。如：un- dis- -tion等。 三、知识结构：构词法英语单词的构成方法主要有三种，即合成法、派生法和转化法。（一） 合成法：将两个或者两个以上的单词组合在一起而构成的新词，叫作合成词。 A、 合成名词：例：weekend, loudspeaker,typewriter,reading-roomhandwriting,mother-in-law B、 合成动词：例：understand,typewrite C、 合成形容词：例：E

2、nglish-speaking, man-made,snow-white,warm-hearted, good-looking,well-know,fast-food,100-metre,six-year-old,one-eyed. D、 合成副词：例：underfoot,sometime,anywhere E、 合成介词：例：without,inside,intoF、 合成代词：例：myself,ourselves, anyone, nobody, nothing(二)派生法：在词根上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意相近、相反或相关的词。A、 前缀（1）表示否定的前缀：否定前缀表示“不”，一般构

3、成反义词，通常情况下不改变单词的词性。第- 1 -页共3页会改变词义。（二） 转化法：转化就是一个单词不改变化它词形，只改变词性。多数单词在改变词性后还保留原意。具体可分为以下几类：A、 动词名词。可以转化为名词的动词有：work,study,print,surprise,walk,Look,swim,rest,talk,drive,call,visit,rain,snow等。例：He usually walks to school.The old couple like to take a walk in the park after supper.B、 名词动词。例：Have you wa

4、tered the plants,yet?第- 2 -页共3页四、中考例题演示：1、-Help to some cookies,children06济南-Thanks.A. himself Byourselves C.yourself D.themselves导悟：选B。此题考查反身代词的用法。这是一个祈使句，排除A、D。children一词，说明是复数，故选B，而非C。拓展：反身代词的构成：利用构成法来复习，十分易记。第一、 二人称的反身代词是：形容词性物主代词+后缀self/selves如myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves.第三人称的反身代词的构成是：

5、宾格+后缀self/selves.himself,herself,itself.themselves.2.It was(luck)that we missed the last bus and had to walk back.06烟台答案解析：填unlucky。从语法上，空白处要填一个形容词（作表语），从句意上看，此致处应是否定性的，故填lucky的反义词unlucky。拓展：luck是名词；luck+后缀y-lucky幸运的，（adj）lucky+ly-luckily幸运地（adv）类似的还有：fortunate（幸运的）-fortunatelyunfortunate（不幸运的）-unfo

6、rtunately3：Mr Green has lived in the_ hotel since he came to China.A. five-star B.five-stars C.five stars D.five stars考点解密：此题考查“基数词+连字符+单数名词”构成复合形容词的用法。这种复合形容词常用来表示时间、度量等。如a two-day conference(为期两天的会议)，a six-foot hole(一个六英尺深的洞)等。此题中的the five-star hotel意为“五星级酒店”。本题答案为A。五、跟踪训练：A、 根据所给的首字母或汉语提示填空，完成下列句

7、子。1、His sister was only an(8岁大的)girl when she could surf in the sea.2.They said they saw a monster(怪兽)appear in the lake,but soon it d into the water.3.Yao Ming is the most successful Chinese basketball p in NBA.4.David didnt go to work because of his i.He went to the hospital to see the doctor.5.Lo

8、ok at the sign“Danger”!It says its d to swim here.B、 用所给的词的适当形式填空。6.She is one of the best(sing)in China at the moment.7.John is a very good(drive).He always drives very carefully.8.Whats the weather like in spring in your hometown?-Oh,its(rain).9.He said he wanted to be an in the future because he loved art.10.Well have a (discuss)this afternoon.We are going to talk about.how to celebrate the New Yea