新版牛津8BU4Agoodread知识点及练习

1、龙文教育学科导学案教师:学生:年级： 日期:星期:时段:学情分析课题8BU4 A good read学习目标与 考点分析1、掌握本单元重点词汇及短语2、掌握疑问词+动词不定式的用法3、掌握本单元的重点句型4、区分 must和have to的区别学习重点1、疑冋词+动词不定式to do2、must和have to的区别学习方法归纳，总结，练习学习容与过程Comic strip & Welcome to the un it1. Have you decided what to do with these books?你已经决定怎样处理这些书了吗？do with意思是： 对付，处理，相当于及物动词，

2、在特殊疑冋句中，do with与what拾配使用。例：What do you do with this problem? 你怎样处理这个问题？拓展：deal with也意为 对付，处理，用于特殊疑冋句中，与 how拾配使用。例：1 don t know how to deal with the problem.我不知道怎样处理这个问题。2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我得用它们来够冰箱上的书。1) use sth. to do sth.意思是：用某物来做某事， 也可用为use sth. for (doing) sth.。

3、被动语态为：sth. beused to do sth.例: We use computers to play games.= Computers are used to play games.我们用电脑玩游戏。2) reach为及物动词，意为 够到，到达I m too short to reach the apple on the tree我太矮了，够不着树上的苹果。3. They improve my kno wledge of the past.它们提高我对过去的认识。Knowledge是名词，意为 知识，认知，学冋，后可接of的短语作疋语或that从句作冋位语，表示关于某方面的知识或对

4、某人或某事的了解或理解，此时knowledge前须加定冠词the。例: He is poor in mon ey, but rich in kno wledge. 他贫于金钱，但富于学冋。She has a rich knowledge of Chinese history.她对中国的历史了解很深。4. What do you like to do in your spare time?你空闲时间喜欢干什么？Spare是形容词，意为“空闲的，多余的”例：How do you spend your spare time?你怎样度过你的空余时间？拓展：spare也可作为动词，意思是：为留出，匀出例

5、：Please spare some time for your hobbies.请为你的爱好留出一点时间。Readi ng1. After our ship crashed aga inst the rocks, I swam as far as I could.在我们的船触礁以后，我尽可能远地向前游。1）against是介词，意思是：靠着、顶着、迎着、衬着，例：The teacher s deiskagainst the wall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。The red flag looks very bright agai nst the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳

6、。2）as far as意为：与 一样远、一直到，在否定句中也可写为so far as,例：We walked as far as the river.我们一直走到河边。拓展：as far as也可表示为就 而言， 从来看， 尽所能”例：we II help you as far as it is possible.我们会尽可能帮助你。2. By the time I fin ally felt the land un der my feet, I was tired out.我能感觉到陆地在我的脚下，我已经精疲力竭了。Be tired out意思是：疲倦，精疲力竭例：Those player

7、s were tired out after the fierce match.那些队员在那场激烈的比赛之后感到精疲力竭了。 拓展：be tired of对感到厌倦;be tired with因而疲劳 例：I am tired of livi ng aboard.我厌烦了国外的生活。He was tired with climbing that steep hill.我爬那座陡山爬累了 .3. It moved up over my stomach and n eck un til it was sta nding n ear my face.它在我肚子和脖子上移动直到它站在离我脸很近的地方。

8、until意思是“直到”，表示某一种动作一直持续到某一时间。用在肯定句中，句子的谓语动词必须用延续性动词。Notuntil意为“直到才”，表示直到某一时间，某一动作才发生，之前该动作并没有发生。 用在否定句中，主句中的谓语动词通常是短暂性动词。例：I studied English until 9 o clock last昨晚我学英语直到九点钟。（表示九点前一直在学）I didn t leave until 9 o cloc我as晚直到.九点钟才离开。（表示九点才离开）4. He was the same size as my little fin ger. 他和我的小手指一样大。the sa

9、meas意思是“与 一样”，这里as是连词。例：My dress is the same color as yours.我的长裙和你的颜色一样。拓展：the same as 意思是“与 一样” 例：This answer must be a crib: its exactly the same as Joness.这个答案可能是抄袭来的，跟琼斯的答案一模一 样。5. However, they soon got up aga in and con ti nued moving across my body.但是，他们很快又起身，并继续在我身上移动。continue意思是“继续”，指动作或状态的

10、继续或持续不中断。可以表示一件事一直在做，中间没有停歇； 也可以表示中间有一个中断，接着又做下去，可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。后可以加名词、动名 词、不定式或that从句。例：She looked up for a moment, then continued drawing. 她抬头看了一下，然后继续画画。6.1 did not know what to say either. I tried to pull one hand free and fin ally man aged to break the ropes. 我也不知道说什么。我尽量空出一只手并且最终设法弄断了绳子。1）eit

11、her是副词，用于否定句中作“也”解释，通常置于句末。Either还可以用来强调否定含义的短语。例：I don t like the red shirt and I don t like the gre我不喜欢这件红色衬衫我也不喜欢这件绿色的。As for me, I shall n ot return there either.如果是我，我也不会回到那儿去。拓展：either用作代词，意为“（两者之中）任一、任何一个”，在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数，用作 定语时，只能修饰单数名词。例：Either of the books is popular with the students.两本书中任

12、何一本都受到学生的欢迎。2）manage意为“设法完成，管理”，名词为 management例：How did you manage to get their approval? 你怎样得到他们同意的？Un der strict man ageme nt, his bus in ess gained ground. 在严格的管理下 , 他的生意有了起色 .Grammar1. 疑问词+不定式（to do）疑问词有疑问代词 who, whom, what, which, whose和疑问副词 when, where, how, why。此外，连接词 whether 也适用。“疑问词+不定式”结构有

13、下列五种功能：当主语，如：When to hold the meet ing has not yet bee n decided.何时开会还没有定下来。Where to live is a problem. 住哪里是个问题。当宾语，如：We must know what to say at a meeti ng. 我们必须知道在会上说些什么。He could not tell whom to trust.他无法分辨该信任谁。当表语，如：The problem is where to find the finan cial aid.问题是到哪找到财政援助。当名词同位语，如：Tom had no

14、idea which book to read first. 汤姆不知道先读哪本书。当宾语补足语，如：Jim is not sure whose to choose. 吉姆不确定选择谁的。Mary and Joh n are not certa in whether to get married or n ot.玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。适用于疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remem

15、ber, thi nk, wonder, understand 等。有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，例如：I could not decide which dict ionary to buy.=I could not decide which dict ionary I should buy.我不能决定买哪本字典。Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好

16、老师。疑问词+有些动词，如ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的 不定式动词”结构。例如：Have you told him where to get the applicatio n form? 你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？2. must 和 have to 的用法。区别1： must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为必须”而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求（无奈）而为之，多译为 不得不干某事”。例：I must clean the room because it is to

17、o dirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。We must be there on time.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。I have to do my homework now.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。I have to leave school because my family is poor now.因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。区别2： must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。例：Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. Hi

18、s father has to go to takecare of him.大明受伤了。医生说他大概得住院两周，他的父亲得去照顾他。We don t have to go to school on Sundays星期天我们不必上学。区别3： must的否定为mustn，多表示禁令”例: No! You must n t turn left! You must turn right into The Strand.不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到 strand中。由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用 needn或don t have to意思是 不必”；

19、此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！例: 1） Must I finish my homework before eight o clocks,ou must.我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。2） Must I atte nd the meet ing?No, you n eed n t/ don t have to. You can ask Tom to go in stead.我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。Integrated skills & Study skills1. All the British publish ing houses refuse

20、d to publish it. 所有的英国都拒绝出版。refuse是动词，及物动词或不及物动词，意思是拒绝，回绝。一般形式为refuse+to do sth.或refuse sth.sb.例：We asked him to come, but he refused.我们叫他来，可是他拒绝了。He refused to change his mind. 他拒绝改变主意。She refused their in vitatio n.她拒绝了他们的邀请。2. So far到目前为止，至今若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，谓语动词用现在完成时。例：So far there has b

21、een no bad news.到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。So far 50 people have died in the fight in g.到目前为止，已有 50人在战斗中丧生。若不强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，则只是侧重描述一种客观现象，则可用一般现在时（谓 语动词通常为某些状态动词）。如：So far, it is only talk.至今还只是空谈。This is likely to be the biggest conference so far. 这很可能是迄今为止规模最大的一次会议。3. How many books can I borrow at a

22、time?一次我能借多少本书？at a time意思是一次，每次”，常用于数词+at a time”的结构中。例：He checked one person at a time as they came in.当他们进来时，他一个一个地检查。拓展：at one time一般指过去某一时期，曾一度(once)”或“同时”的意思。例：At one time I used to like her, but not any more now.我曾一度很喜欢她，可现在不喜欢了。4. For example, Treasure Island tells the story of a young boy w

23、ho sailed the sea to look for hidden treasure.比如，金银岛讲一个小男孩出海寻找宝藏的故事。1) look for意为 寻找”，是有目的地找，强调 寻找”这一动作。如：What are you looking for ?你在找什么?Im looking for my bike .我在找我的自行车。2) find意为 找到”发现”，强调 找”的结果，其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如：Did you find Li Mi ng yesterday ?你昨天找到明了吗？No , we looked for him everywhere , but did

24、 nt find him .没有。我们到处找了，但没有找到他。拓展：find发现，发觉例：I did nt find the joke at all amusi ng. 我认为这笑话一点也不可笑。3) find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等弄清楚”查明”一件事情，其后的宾语常常是某个情 况、事实。如：Please find out when the train leaves .请查一下火车什么时候离站。5. I also want to travel and have excit ing experie nces in the future.在将来我也想去旅游并且有激动人心的经历

25、。1) experienee用作名词，表示 经验”体验”，是不可数名词；而表示 经历”，通常是可数名词。女口： Experienee is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。I know from experie nee that he will arrive late.据我的经验，他会迟至U的。He had many in teresti ng experie nces while travelli ng in Africa.他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。表示做某事的经验，其后接in (of)doing sth.。如：He has had many years expe

26、rie nee in (of) wheat pla nti ng / pla nting wh他有 多年种小麦的经验。比较： have experie nee in (of) teach ing = have teachi ng experie nee(教学经验)2) 用作动词，表示 体验”经历”等，只用作及物动词。如：The child had never experieneed kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待。He experie need great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。3) exp

27、erieneed为形容词，意思是有经验的”。He quite experieneed in teaching beginners. 他在教初学者方面很有经验。Task & Self-assessment1. Who do you usually ask for advice on books?通常是谁给你读书的建议？advice为不可数名词，意思是建议”，可用some, much, a piece of, pieces of等修饰，不能说 an advice或 many/a few advices，表示 有关的建议时，用介词 on 接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。例如：Let s ask

28、for his advice on what to do next.我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。 常见搭配：give advice on对提出建议take/follow one s a接受某人的建议 ask for advice 征求意见act on one s ac照某人的建议去做accept/refuse one s接受ce拒绝）某人的建议offer advice to sb.向某人提供建议want one s advi（需要某人的建议动词形式 advise，是及物动词. 常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth. advise doing sth. advise th

29、at sb. should do sth. 例如；He advised waiting till the proper time.他建议等到适当时机才行动。 My teacher advises me to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开。 We advise measures （should） be taken to stop pollution at once.我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。2. They also ope n up a whole new world to me.他们也为我开创了一个崭新的世界。Open up意思是：开启，开创，开辟例: A new terri

30、tory has been opened up for trade. 一个新的贸易区开发了。拓展：1）（景色等的）展现例：A beautiful view opened up before us. 一幅美景展现在我们面前。2）开发，开辟，创建例: open up a new situation / a bright future / more waste land开创一个新局面/美好的前程/开辟更多荒地3 ）吐露真情例：She never opened up to me on the subject.关于那个问题，她从未对我开诚布公。4）变宽，展现，揭示例: After a while the

31、 road opened up and they traveled more quickly .过了一会儿，路变宽了，他们也走得更快了。课练习与训练单元知识点复习I .词汇单词(A)名词1.大批，大群2.信心_3. 一本4.经历，经验5.手指6.徳国一7.习惯&知识9.陆地10.等级11.图书管理员12.小说13.出版社14.读物15.销售虽16. 一系列17.用膀腹部19.成功20.烹饪21.作家22.逢议23.评论(B)动词1.继续2.曲交3.抬岛4.勉强完成5.必须6.出版 7.拒绝一&归还9.捆，绑10.触动11. iRif12.续借13.航行(C)形容词1.加拿大(人)的2.古典的3

32、.法国(人)的4.隐裁的5.空闲的6.丑爾的7.不能的&极小的(D)副词1.也2.在线地(E)连词直到为止(F)介词1.絮靠2.在的对面3.从一边到另一边一短语1. 一本好的读物2.处理_3.不得不4.够到冰箱上的盒子5.对感兴趣6.便我过去的知识更加完善7.在某人的空闲时间里&訪播到岩石上9.筋疲力尽10.醒来11.和一样尺寸12.向下看一-13.爬过我的全身14.肆倒15.继续移动16.设法成功做某事一17. 大群1&睡觉19.逃跑20.发现某人自己不能动弹21.对某人大威22.和某人交流|23.建议某人做某事24.上交25.如此多的有趣的书26.决定做某事27.自学法语2&石一些评论29

33、.保持安挣30.保持书干净整洁3L准时32.开启33. 一位英国作家34.对有槪念35.拒绝做某那36.到目前为止37.很成功3&把翻译成39. 一次40.例如41.结果42.事实上43.在另一方面44.讲的故申45.給某人许多信心46.乐意尝试新事物47.有令人滋动的经历4&将来49.向某人征求建议50.阅读习惯51阅读不同类型的书52.给某人许多建议53.稱助某人发送54.等等n.根据句直和中文提示完成单词1 Could you help me choose a good（读物）？2. Unluckily, the Titanic crashed（碰，拉）the iceberg.3. I

34、saw a huge（大群）of ants moving this way and that under the biff tree.4. Amy has collected much（经脸）in teachinR history.5. Its importarrt for us to fonn a good eating（习惯）.6. You must study harder to improve your（知识）of the past.7. The man is so strong that he can（举起）this heavy box easily.& Millie is tryi

35、ng her best to raise her English to a higher（等圾）.9. A srrall publishing house in New York has accepted to publish her new（小说）.10. Its said that it is easy to（续借）the books from our school library.11. The sales of Last Century are over 100million（册）12. What do you think of the（系列）of Harry Potter?13. L

36、inda $ what do you often do in your（空闲的）time?14. The old womans kindness（触动）us deeply.15. Can you see the（极小的hole in my sweater?HL用括号内所给词的适当龙式填空1. Evans comes from She is awriter. （Canada）2. Would you please give me some neighbors?3. Lucy is better at（class） music（advise） on how to get on well with

37、my4. Ricky is full of（confident） to get the first prize in the coming Maths exam.5. Several tomb raiders are looking for（hide） treasure6. Bob comes from Japan* but he can speak（France） fluently.7. Im surprised to know the ant has two（stomach）.8. Was the chanty show a great isuccew八9. J. K. Rowling i

38、s a(success) British writer.10. My mother often encourages me(study) hard at all the subjects.11. After a long trip. Lucy found herself(able) to move.12. Daniel wants to travel around the world and have his own exciting (experience) in the future.13. When Tom was a child, he taught(he) Chinese.14. M

39、illie is still not sure what(wnte) about in the report.15. Jacks father refused(take) our suggestions.IV根据中文提示完成句子1. - 海伦你已经决定怎样处理这台旧电脑了吗？、一没呢.the old computerf Helen?2. 在我们的业余时间里我们应该尽可能多地练习讲英语In our spare time, we should3. 昨天晚上立到打扫完教室，我们才离开学校.Wethe schoolthe classroom last night.4. 最后,我们设法解决了那道数学难t

40、 we the difficult Maths problem.5. 那个小人和我的小手指The small man is6. 怀特小姐推荐了如此多的冇趣的书，以至于我不能决定先看哪一本.Miss White recommended _ I couldnt decide7. 作为一名图书管理员你必须保持书的干净整洁.9 youthe books clean and tidy.& 谢谢你帮我把这本丽I译成徳语.-不用谢.Thank you for_ -Itl9. 琳达，你一次能在忘们学校图书馆借阅多少本书聃?Linda, _in your school library?10. 我的堂兄弟不再像过

41、去一样害茶了,他乐意尝试新事物。My cousin* and he new things.11. 我对小说感兴趣。我的最爱是中国四大古典名著.Inovels. My favourite books are 12. 磁J是我绘好的蘇.我们经常聚在_起讨论看什么Bob is my best friend We often _and13. 阅读不仅能够帮助我放松，还能开拓一个新的世界.Reading can not onlybut also14. 这本小说讲述了关于一个勇敢的年轻人独自在海上航行寻找隐藏的宝藏的故事。The novel 15.米期有时候感到很孤独她不知道和谁交谈.Sometimes Millie . She doesnt, knowV单项选择( )1.)2.)3.Im going on a field trip but 1 haven decidedeA. what to do B. to do what C. where to go D. to go where This physics problem is too difficult Can you show me Wang Lin?Sure would you please tell me)4.A. what toB. wh