视听说III原文和答案解析Unit

1、* *VLS Uint2II. Basic Listening Practice1. ScriptM:Nowwe have satelliteandhigh-poweredmicroscope,it s easy to thinkwe knoweverything about the world; but we still don t understand EI Nino.W: Right.Scientistsall overthe worldover are evenuncertainaboutthe cause of thewarm Pacific current that brings

2、storms or drought the mysterious EI Nino.Q: Which of the following is true according to the conversation?2. ScriptM:Everyoneis talkingaboutenvironmentalproblem:acid rain, the greenhouseeffect,holesin theozonelayer. We shouldthinkpositively.Whatcan we dotoimprovethings?W: I agree. We could do a lot m

3、ore to harness the suns energy for heating and lightingin our homes. In Japan 43,000 solar roofs were installed in 2002.Q: How do the man and the woman view the environment?3. ScriptW: We lived in Beijing some years ago. It was always difficult to keep the house clean withwind from the north blowing

4、 sand from the desert at us.M:That s whythe Chinesegovernmenthas beenencouragingpeopleto planttreesalong the edges of the Gobi Desert. Now those trees act as wind barriers.Q: What did the government encourage people to do?4. ScriptM: Many old refrigerators and cars are environmental hazards because

5、they contain CFCs* *that destroy the ozone layer.W: Yes, butgovernmentor organizationsare helpingpeopleto safelydisposeof oldrefrigerators or, in the case of cars, to upgrade their air conditioning.Q: What are government departments helping people to do?5. ScriptM: Hey, that s an aerosol spray youre

6、 using on your hair! Build a bomb or set fire to theapartment to kill us quickly instead of making holes in the ozone, so we die of cancer.W: Cool it, man. This spray doesnt contain CFC s. And youd better read a little more. In2003 the hole in the ozone layer shrank by 20 percent, so thereQ: What do

7、es the man mean?s no reason to panic.Keys: 1.B 2.D 3. A 4.A 5.CIII. Listening InTask 1: We should have proper respect for nature!ScriptMartha:Do you think most people in your culture respect nature?Ed:I think so. Ummmore now than before.Martha:What do you think is the most serious environment proble

8、m in the world today?Ed:TodayI thinkdamagetotheozonelayeris a bigproblem;andanotherproblem is pollution in big cities and things like that.Martha:How do you learn about environmental problems?Ed:Ummthrough school. A lot of clubs promote environmental safely, and someTV programs, too. They talk about

9、 environmental safely and stuff like that.* *Martha:Ed:Martha:Do you think students should learn more about the environment at school?I think so. So, as they grow older, they can be more aware of all the problemsthat are going on. And also to prevent more problems from occurring.If you could create

10、a new law to help the environment, what would it be?Ed:A new law for the environment? Umm Id probably say that when throw away their cigarette butts, they have to throw them into the garbage bin,peoplenot just throw them everywhere because it s just littering and I hate that. So they should be fined

11、 if they throw them on the floor on the ground.Martha:That s a good environment?idea.WhatdoyoupersonallydotohelpprotecttheEd:I m so against littering. I never litter. If I see somebody litter, I get really angry.So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin.While being interviewed by Martha, Ed sa

12、id more people in his culturerespect natureever before.Whenasked aboutthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemin the worldtoday, he mentioned the damagedozone layerand thepollutionin big cities.Ed learnedaboutenvironmentalproblemat school.A lotofclubsandsomeTVprogramspromoteenvironmentalsafely.He believes

13、thatstudentsshouldlearnmoreabout the environment at school. Then they can be moreaware ofall the problems andprevent more problemsfrom occurring.When asked about a newlaw he would like to create to help the environment, he saidthatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts , theyhavetothrowtheminthegarb

14、age bin. They should befinedif they throw them on the floor.Personally, Ed is so set againstlitteringthat he never litters. He always throws histrash* *into the garbage bin.Task 2 River pollutionIf you see dead fish floating on the river or notice that the water is discolored andsmelly, you know the

15、 river has been polluted, and there are four main possible causes forit.First,fertilizer.If largeamountsoffertilizerorfarmwastedrainintoa river,theconcentrationsof nitrateandphosphatein thewaterincreaseconsiderably.Algaeusethese substances to grow rapidly, turning the water green. This massive growt

16、h of algaeleads to pollution. When the algae die, they are broken down by the action of the bacteria,whichquicklymultiply, usingup all the oxygen inthe waterandthereforecausingthedeath of fish.Second,industrialwaste.Factoriessometimesdischargechemicalwasteintorivers.Examples of such pollutants inclu

17、de cyanide, lead, copper, and mercury. These substancesmay enterthe waterin such highconcentrationsthatfish and otheranimalsare killedimmediately. Sometimes the pollutants enter the food chain and accumulate until theyreach toxic levels, eventually killing fish and other animals.Third, oil pollution

18、. If oil enters a slow-moving river, it forms a rainbow-colored filmover the entiresurface, preventing oxygen from entering the water.Fourth,warmwater.Industryoftenuseswaterforcoolingprocesses,sometimesdischarging large quantities of warm water back into rivers. A higher temperature of thewater lowe

19、rs the level of dissolved oxygen and upsets the balance of life in the water.* *Questions and key1. What is the passage mainly about?D) The causes of river pollution.2. Why does the river water turn green?A) Because nitrate and phosphate in the water increase.3. What harm does industrial waste cause

20、?B) Poisoning.4. Which of the following is true of oil pollution?C) It prevents oxygen from entering the water.5. What harm can warm water in a river bring?D) Lack of oxygen.Task3: Curbing Carbon emissionsScriptAlthough it is not an easy task, China is striving to fulfill the promise to cut its carb

21、ondioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percent in the next 10 years.ZhangGuobao,DirectoroftheNationalEnergyAdministration,said,"Thegovernmentputsgreatemphasison seekingharmoniousdevelopmentbetweencitiesandtheenvironment,and is readjustingthe energystructureby givingpriorityto thedevelo

22、pmentof cleanandlow-carbonenergies,includinghydroelectric,nuclear,wind,and solar power."Government authorities have closed small, coal-fired plants with a total capacity of60.06millionkilowattsin thepastfouryears.This year'stargetof closing10 millionkilowatts of capacity will be achieved by

23、 August. "We have promised to the international* *community that 15 percent of our power will be generated from non-fossil sources by2020," Director Zhang said. At present, non-fossil energy accounts for only 7.8 percent.China is making efforts to increase the proportion of clean energy in

24、 its total energyconsumption. Statistics show that China invested US$34.6 billion in clean energy last year,exceeding the United States which invested US$18.6 billion. Thus, China has become theworldleaderingeneratingclean energy. Fiveyearsearlier, China'sinvestmentin cleanenergy was only US$2.5

25、 billion.However,China's carbonemissionreduction targetcannotbeachieved easily. Theshift to a low-carbon economy might be met at a cost to society. For instance, more than400,000 people were laid off as a result of the shutdown of small coal-fired power plantsin thepastfouryears.Manystudiesindic

26、atethattheeffortto curbgreenhousegasemissions maydelayChina'sdevelopment,affectpeople'sincome,andleadtounemployment.l. What is the passage mainly about?D) Cutting carbon dioxide emissions: China's achievements and problems.2. From four years ago until August this year, how many kilowatts

27、 of coal-fired plant capacity willhave been closed?D) More than 70 million.3. By 2020, whatwillbe the proportionof non-fossilenergyin thetotalpowerinChina?A) 15%.4. Which of the following is true of the investment by China and the United States in* *clean energy last year?B) China's investment w

28、as almost twice as large as the United States'.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a problem arising fromcurbinggreenhouse gas emissions?C) Causing more strikes.IV. Speaking OutMODEL 1Our globe is in dangerJohn:How is your Grandmagetting along during this usually hot wea

29、ther?Nora:Overthelastfewyears,Grannyhasbeencomplainingthatthehot,humidweather is killing her. She believes the weather has changed.John:Whatshe meansis the climate s long-termconditions;weatherrefers onlytoday-to-day conditions.Nora : Yeah, she says summer is hotter, and winter wetter. But I tried t

30、o comfort her, saying,“It s all in your mind, Granny. ”John:She s right, you know. The greenhouse effect doesbring global warming and rain.Nora:How can I explain global warming and greenhouse gases to a 97-year-old Granny?John:Tell her the earth now is like a real greenhouse made of glass panels tha

31、t let in lightand trap heat.Nora : Think she ll want to know that carbon monoxide from earth makes greenhousegases?John:Everybody should know what cause global warming; otherwise we wont stop it.Nora:Ill tell Grannynot to burn any more wood or coal, or to use spray on the hair.John:OK, joke about it

32、, but it won t be so funny whenthe polar icecaps melt and oceans* *rise.MODEL2Rainforests will soon be only a memory.ScriptSusan:Hey, Chris, there is an environmental group on campussave the rainforests.Chris: So what?asking for donations toSusan: So what?! Dont you want to save the rainforests?Chri

33、s:But there re no rainforests in our country.They need hot, tropical climates.Susan: Come on. A rain forest is any forest whereheavy rainfall leads to dense vegetation.Tropicalrainforestscan be foundin hoe, tropicalareas, butthereare also coolrainforests, including one in southeast Alaska.Chris:How

34、did you know that?Susan: Well, I ve just read a book on rainforests. You know, 140nillion people live in theworld s rainforests, and 35 percent of the world only in rainforests.s plant and animal species existChris:Wow, I m impressed. So what else have you learned?Susan: Most of the world s rainfore

35、sts are in danger of destruction by and developers. They are disappearing at a rate of 1000 acres a minute!loggers, farmersChris: It s terrible!Susan:Yeah, we ve gottofinda way tosave them.Nowwouldyouliketogiveadonation?Chris:Sure.* *Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Most of the world s rainforests are i

36、n danger of destruction by loggers, farmers and developers. They are disappearing at a rate of 100 acres a minute!B: What a tragedy! , Many of the world s plant and animal species exist only in rainforests. A : We really need to save the beautiful forests.B: Yeah, we ve got to find a way to save the

37、m.A: Do you know our mayor is making a call to plant trees?B: Yeah, we do have to plant more trees. I hear China doesn t have a lot of forestscompared with many countries.A : That s true. I ve just read an article about afforestation. Chinas forest coverage ratewas 18.21percent last yea, ranking onl

38、y 130th in the world.B: No wonder we have to plat more trees.A : Don t loseheart.Progresshas beenremarkable.In 2000the ratewas just16.55percent.B: Any other good news?A: China has stepped up its tree-planting efforts. Now its the worlds No.1 planter oftrees.B: Wow, I m impressed.MODEL3What a terribl

39、e sandstorm!ScriptSusan:Hey, John. You re back. A few days ago,a big sandstorm hit our cityJohn:Oh, that s bad.* *Susan:The air was full of dirt and sand and dust. I had to wear a scarf around my head.John:The dust, as I know, comes from Mongolia. And from my reading in science, Iveheard the dust of

40、tencomes after a long period of drought.Susan:This is a serious problem in many parts of the world, and unfortunately our city isone of them.John:And if the drought continues, the soil is easily airborne. And then if the wind comes,the soil can be lifted upon the cold are that rises up, and it can t

41、ravel very longdistances.Susan: Normally, when theres a wind, it can clear the air, and you have beautiful weather.But when the dust is brought in with the wind, then you cant breathe, you cant see well, and its dangerous for driving, or for walking.John:Yeah. You know, when the dust is lifted up it

42、 can go as high 3,000 meters. And itsnot just China that has problems, but many other countries. For example, the middleof Australia sometimes has dust storms, and someof the dust goes up very high,goes across the ocean, and falls down on New Zealand.Susan:Not a very nice neighbor.John:Is there a so

43、lution to the problem?Susan:We need toplant more trees and grassso that the soil can stay where it is.John:No wonderthe government islaunchinga newafforestationprogramin a bid taddress the environmental problem.V. Let s TalkMan1: Well,it's inspirationallanguagewhichis niceand lovelyand fluffy,bu

44、t doesn'treally actuallycommit anyone to doing anything, and so it's really hard to* *take to the bank. I mean, people's livesare on the line in the developingworld wherewe areseeingtheimpactsfeltfirstandforemost,Andobviouslytheatmospheresimplycan't takethekindofemissionswe'vebee

45、nseeing inthe business-as-usual scenario and there's no real commitmentto change that. There's no realcommitment to put serious money on thetable and that's a big problem.On-screen text: Wind FarmThis is a great photo op for all the world leaders, but if it's not backed by action, it

46、really doesn't mean much at the end of the day.Man 2: What's in there is very disappointing. It does not constitute a_ a deal. It's a hollowshell that willneed to be filled in, and it has some numbers, it talks abouttrying to avoid two degrees. That's thesame language that the G8 use

47、dlast July. But it lacks anythingonemissions cutsasyetthatwouldguaranteethatwe'reactuallyonthe, ontrack togetthere.Andthefinancingcommitments.there is a mention of a 1OO-billion-dollar figure and theattempttoraise ormobilizethatlevelofresources, butthere'snoguaranteethattherewillbenewmoney,t

48、hatthemoneywillbereal,thatthere's actually a commitment to get there, or that it will be channeled in new ways,as yet.Key(1) -b(2) - a(3) -h(4) -d(5)-g(6)-e(7)-c(8)-f* *VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: The environment and the developmentScriptLi:Hi Professor Wang, Im Li Lin, a correspond

49、ent from the University Newspaper. Thestaff and students here are getting more and moreinterested in the relationshipbetween the environment and development. What do you think is the most seriousenvironmentalproblem atpresent?Whatmeasuresshouldweadopttoimprovethe environment and develop the economy at the same time?Wang:Therearemanyenvironmentalproblems:airpollution,waterpollution,desertification,over-fishing,destructionofnaturalhabitats,acidtrain,over-consumpt