英语笔译实务-3级配套训练-第五单元--汉译英(二)宋朝

1、笔译实务 3级配套训练 第五单元 汉译英（二）英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第四单元 汉译英（二）宋朝公元960年，一个新兴势力，宋（公元9601279），再次统一了中国大部分地区。但在1127年宋朝廷因没能打退游牧民族的入侵而被迫放弃北方。所以宋朝又被分成北宋（公元9601127）和南宋（公元11271279）两个阶段。宋朝的创始人建立了有效的中央集权制；广泛任用民间的学术文人；地方的军事官员及其党羽都被中央任命的官员所替代。这种官员体系使得宋朝的权力比以往任何朝代都更集中在皇帝和官僚机构手中。宋朝城市发展方面是非常显著的，这不单指其在管理上的职能，而且还包括其作为贸易、工业和海上贸易的中心的

2、职能。在文化方面，宋朝在过去几百年的基础上又发展了，这些发展不仅包括唐朝的思想，还包括历史文献、绘画、书法、及光滑的瓷器等。👉 课文词汇宋朝 the Song Dynasty 游牧民族 nomadic北宋 Northern Song 南宋 Southern Song中央集权制 centralized bureaucracy / government / administration官僚机构 bureaucracy光滑的瓷器 glazed porcelain👉 参考译文The Song DynastyIn 960 a new power, Song (960-12

3、79), reunified the greater part of China (most of China Proper). However, the Song period divides into two phases: Northern Song (960-1227) and Southern Song (1127-1279). The division was caused by the forced abandonment of north China in 1127 by the Song court, which could not push back the nomadic

4、 invaders.The founders of the Song dynasty built an effective centralized bureaucracy staffed with (appointing / employing) many civilian sholarancial crisis / economic malaise. Although there is the risk that markets may not have touched the bottom/have not yet bottomed, the current low stock price

5、s offer an opportunity/chances for retail/small investors to gradually invest in selected blue chip stocks that may have previously been out of reach/that were too costly for them in the past. In the event that you decide to invest (make an investment), here is a list of pitfalls/mistakes you should

6、 avoid:1. Inadequate Asset Allocation (All Your Eggs in One Basket). Asset allocation is the process of dividing your pool of money among different asset classes (spread your funds over various types of assets), e.g. between income investments such as fixed deposits and bond funds, and/or growth inv

7、estments which will include stocks or property/real estate. The mistake many investors make is to put (Inexperienced investors often err by placing) most of their money in one form of investments, say, stocks or properties. As a result, when the property and stock markets decline, these investors ar

8、e in an extremely vulnerable position. It is always prudent to keep aside about 6 months salaries as a safeguard against sharp declines (a sudden plunge) in the stock and property markets or in the event that you need cash urgently.2. Lack of Diversification. Having decided that you want to put asid

9、e some money in an investment portfolio comprising, say, equities, you should always aim to diversify the stocks within your portfolio so as to minimize your risk.For example, if you want to invest in stocks (In the case of stock investment), you should not concentrate on/focus on a single stock. In

10、 addition, you should diversify between different industries/sectors/trades, and if resources permit, within different geographical regions (in the case of ample funds, from different parts of the globe). As a new investor (If you are a first-time investor), you may not have a lot of funds at your disposal. The purchase of one stock alone could utilize the greater part of (the bulk of) your savings. One way to diversify is to inves