牛津上海版八年级上册情态动词专项讲解及练习（有答案）

1、情态动词一什么叫做情态动词助动词(auxiliary :g'ziljri)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词基本的有十四个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to，had better 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能。2 情态动词的特征后面必须加动词原形。三情态动词的介绍1.can

2、(could)1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。Two eyes _ see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。_ the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？【答案】can Could2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。The temperature _ fall to 60, that is 60 below freezing. 气温可降至60，也就是零下60。He _ have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。You mustn't smoke

3、while you're walking around in the wood. You _ start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。【答案】can cant (couldnt) could 3）表示允许。_ I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？He asked whether he _ take the book out of the reading-room.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。【答案】Can could4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Where _ they

4、 have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？He _ be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。How _ you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？【答案】can (could) cant (couldnt) can 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。_ you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？Im afraid we _ give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。【答案】Can (Could) couldnt2. may (might)1）表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。You _

5、 take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。He told me that I _ smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。_ I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont ./ Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。【答案】may might May (Might) May (Might) 2）表可能（

6、事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。He _ be at home. 他可能在家。She _ not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。He was afraid they _ not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。They _ be having a meeting, but Im not sure. 他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。【答案】may may might might3. must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。We _ do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进

7、地做。You _ talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。-_ we hand in our exercisebooks now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗？-No, you _. / No, you dont have to. 不必。（这种情况下，一般不用mustnt）【答案】must mustnt Must neednt 2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。He _ be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。Shes wearing a diamond necklace. She _ have a lot o

8、f money. 她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。【答案】must must4. shall1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。_ I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？_ the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗？What _ we do this evening? 我们今晚做什么？【答案】Shall Shall shall2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。You _ do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令）You _ have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允

9、诺）He _ be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（警告）Nothing _ stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心）【答案】shall shall shall shall5. should1）表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。You _ be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。You _ waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。【答案】should shouldnt2）表推测，意为“想必一定、

10、照说应该、估计”等。The film _ be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。They _ be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。【答案】should should6. will1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。I _ do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。None is so blind as those who _ see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。If you read the book, I _ lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本

11、书，我会把它借给你。【答案】will wont will2）表请求，用于疑问句。_ you close the window? Its a bit cold. 请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。_ you drink some more coffee? 再来一点咖啡好吗？【答案】Will Wont3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish _ die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。The door _ open. 这门打不开。The boy _ sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by. 那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点，看

12、着车辆行人通过。【答案】will wont will 7. would1）表意愿。They _ not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。I said I do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。【答案】would would2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。_ you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗？_ you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗？They _ have anything against it.

13、 他们不会有什么反对意见。【答案】Would Would wouldnt3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。8. ought to 1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。You are his father. You _ _ take care of him. 你是他父亲，应当管他。You _ _ smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。【答案】ought to oughtnt

14、 to2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。Theres a fine sunset, it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。PracticeI. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）1.-Lets go to Taishan Park by taxi. -Its not far. We _ take a taxi.A. needntB.cantC.mustntD.couldnt2. -I

15、think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.-No, she _ be there. I have just been there.A. cantB.mustntC.needntD.wouldnt3. You _ play with fire, Tom. Its very dangerous.A. needntB.may notC.mustntD.wouldnt4. As we know, fish _ die out of water.A. mayB.shouldC.canD.will5. -Can y

16、ou answer my question, Lily? -Yes, I _.A. mayB.needC.mustD.can6. -Excuse me, _ you tell me the way to the nearest bus station?-Sorry, I cant. I am a stranger here.A. canB.needC.mustD.may7. -_ we swim in that river? -No, you _. Its dangerous to swim there.A. Must, cantB.Can, may notC.Shall, dontD.May

17、, mustnt8.After such a long journey, the children _ be very tired now.A. canB.mustC.have toD.need9.Youve made the same mistake again. You _ be more careful next time.A. canB.mayC.mustD.should10.-Could I look at your pictures? -Yes, of course you _.A. could B.canC.willD.might11.-Would you like to go

18、swimming with me this afternoon?-Id love to. But Im afraid I _. I have too much work to do.A. cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt12.-I was told to be here before seven. -Oh, you _. I am sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. mustB.cantC.mayD.neednt【答案】1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9

19、.D 10.B 11.A 12.DHomeworkI. 用mustnt , neednt 填空：1. You _ write to me if you dont have the time.2. You _ hurry. Im sure you wont be late.3. You _ forget to write to me when you arrive there.4. Jane, you _ play with the knife. Its very dangerous.5. Must I get there on time today? No, you _.6. Time is

20、flying. We _ waste our time.7. You _ be afraid of the difficulty. Well give you a helping hand.8. “Must I hand in the maths exercises tomorrow?” -No, you _. You may hand it in the day after tomorrow.9. Tom, you _ read in the sun. Its not good for your eyes.10. You _ worry so much. Im sure hell be we

21、ll soon.【答案】1.neednt 2.neednt 3.mustnt 4.mustnt 5.neednt6.mustnt 7.neednt 8.neednt 9.mustnt 10.needntII. 用适当的情态动词填空：1. Nobody _ live without air and water2. - _ he speak Chinese?  -Yes，a little3. The book _ be returned before Saturday4. - _ I come in?  - Yes，please5. You _ give up smoking

22、at onceIt's bad for your health6. Excuse me，_ I ask you a question?7. _ you tell me where the station is?8. The train will leave at half past six，so I _ get there fifteen minutes earlier9. You don't _ worry about herShe is much better now10. If you want to pass the exam，you _ work harder.【答案】1.can 2.Can 3.must 4.May 5.must 6.Can/May 7.Can 8.mus