现在完成时课件(方案C)

1、现在完成时现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense一)构成:have/has+动词动词过去分词过去分词二) 含义:(一)表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响和产生的结果.它强调的是过去的动作同现在的联系.常用的时间状语有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.1.already在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法肯定句肯定句: 句中句中(助后实前助后实前)/句末句末 “己经己经”一般疑问句一般疑问句: 句末句末(表示惊讶的语气表示惊讶的语气) “难道难道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常见

2、) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示强调) Have you had breakfast already?注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.2. yet在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法 否定句否定句:句末句末 “还还(没没)”疑问句疑问句: 句末句末 “己经己经” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet

3、?注: 带already的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时,将already要变成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework.否定句否定句: :一般疑问句一般疑问句: :I havent done my homework yet.Have you done your homework yet? 3. ever在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法 肯定句肯定句/疑问句疑问句 : 句中句中 “曾经曾经” Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 4. never在现在完成时中

4、的用法在现在完成时中的用法否定句否定句: 句中句中 “从来没有从来没有”Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 要将ever变成never; 带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No, never.”Eg. He has ever made dumplings.否定句否定句:Have they ever travelled by train?No, never.He has never made dumplings.5. just在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法用于用于句中句中, 表示表示“刚刚刚刚”Eg. Ive just

5、 had breakfast. What have they just done?6. before在现在完成时中的用法在现在完成时中的用法用于用于句末句末, 表示表示“以前以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ? (二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现在,有可能继续下去的动作或状态.通常和for+段时间或since+过去时的短语/句子来引导的时间状语连用.1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段时间一段时间2

6、. since +从句(一般过去时) 单词 词组 (表示过去某一时间的)时间点时间点Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000. 注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.注2): 对fo

7、r或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?注3): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于how long引导的问句中. Eg.(误)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 短

8、暂性动词与延续动词间的转换5.短暂动词和短暂动词和延续动词转换延续动词转换瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词buyborrowcomego/leaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatch a coldbecome interested inget married瞬间动词瞬间动词 vs延续动词延续动词瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reach三)have/has gone to和have/has been to的区别 have/has gone to: 表示某

9、人已经去了某地现在还没回来, 可能现在正在某地或者正在去那里或回来的路上.have/has been to: 表示某人曾经去过某地, 但现在己经不在某地.四四)It is +一段时间一段时间 +since+句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时) =一段时间一段时间+has passed +since + 句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.用动词的适当形式填空（注意时态）（注意时态） 1.-_ you _your pen

10、? (mend) -Yes, I _. -When_ you _ it? -I _ it yesterday. 2.-How do you like the film? -I _(not see) such a moving film before. 3.Millies sister _(join) the club last week. So she _(be) in the club for nearly one week. Have mended have did mend mended havent seen joined has been 4.My father_(give) up

11、_(smoke). He doesnt _(smoke) now. 5.The Green family_(not come) back yet from the cinema. They_(go) to see a film one hour ago. 6.You_(not visit) your son for a long time. has given smoking smoke havent come went havent visited 6.She has known Sam_ nine years. (for , never , since) 7.They have_arriv

12、ed. (ever , just , yet) 8.Have you_ ridden a horse? (ever , for , yet) 9.She has known Fred_ they were at primary school. (already , just , since) 10.We have not completed the project_. (already , for , yet) for just ever since yet1. 去年我去了苏州。We went to Suzhou last year.2. 我每天早上7：00起床。I get up at 7:00 every day.3. 下个星期我要去看望我的老师。I