定语从句解题技巧（含例题）

1、. 定语从句解题技巧含例题英语中两个意义相关的分句不能不用连词而直接放在一起，也不能只用逗号来连接，可以说英语并列句和复合句构成的根本规律是：英语的两个分句之间有且只有一个连词。这条规律为我们学习和运用这类句型提供了重要的根据。定语从句是英语复合句的一种，它是指用一个句子去修饰限制另一个句子中的某个名词、代词，两个句子之间通过关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as.或关系副词when, where, how连接起来，关系代词有时可以省略；在特定情况下，关系代词which, as也可指代主句整句话或一部分句子成分所表达的内容。当我们解题时遇到复合句的考察题目时

2、，我们便可以根据定语从句的上述含义判断该题是不是定语从句，假如是，我们可先将不是关系代词或关系副词的选项去掉，然后采用“代入原那么并同时结合定语从句的关系词之间的相关区别来进展解题。所谓“代入原那么就是试着把先行词即被定语从句修饰限制的那个词放进从句中，能直接代入的就用关系代词不包括whose，不能直接代入的可能有三种情况，要么用关系副词，要么用介词加关系代词which或whom，要么就用关系代词whose。下面就用例句来详细说明这种解题技巧。一直接代入的情况：1  Women_ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a

3、 greater chance of having heart disease than those_ dont. A. who; /     B. /; who    C. who; who    D. /; /该题中的先行词women和those都可直接代入各自的从句中，都在从句中做主语，根据关系代词的使用规律，我们应该用who或that，而且不能省略，所以答案是C。2  Do you still remember the chicken f

4、arm_ we visited three months ago?A. where     B. when     C. that         D. what  该题的先行词the chicken farm就是visited的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which或省略关系代词，所以答案是C。3  The United States is made up of fift

5、y states, one of_ is separated from the others by the Pacific Ocean. A. them      B. those     C. which       D. whose通过分析可以看出，fifty states 是one of中of的宾语，能直接放在介词后充当宾语，用来表示物的关系代词只有which，同时直接做介词宾语的关系代词which, whom

6、不能省略。所以答案是C。4  Is this the reason_ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A         he explained         B. what he explainedC.   how he explained     

7、 D. why he explained  从句中动词explained是及物动词，其宾语是the reason，所以只能用关系代词that或which，根据关系代词做宾语可以省略的原那么，该题的答案是A。5  Jim passed the driving test, _surprised everybody in the office. A. which      B. that       C. this 

8、60;     D. it该题中后句缺少主语，通过意义分析该主语正是主句整句话的内容，所以答案是A。因为that既不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能代替主句整句话的内容。该题给我们的提示是：在确定该用关系代词时，我们必须考虑相关关系代词的区别，除了刚提到的这一点的外，还包括以下内容：在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词只能用which, who, whom，且做宾语是不能省略的；在限制性定语从句中，指物时假如先行词被形容词最高级，序数词或all, any, every, no, much, little等词修饰限制时，或先行词就是上述这些词时，关系代词

9、只能用that；在限制性定语从句中，先行词是有表示人和表示物的词组充当时，关系代词只能用that。6  _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It     B. As     C. That    D. What 通过意义分析可以看出，前一句所缺的主语就是后句整个句子所表达的内容，这是一种特殊的定语从句，as可以引导非限制

10、性定语从句，代替主句整句话的内容，该从句可以放在主句之前，插入到主句之间，也可放在主句之后。而which引导的这类从句却只能放在主句之后，除此之外，这两个关系代词还有意义上的区别，as的意义是“正如、正像，而which的意义是“这、这一点。例如：6a. She passed the exam, as/ which we had expected.6b. She passed the exam, which we hadnt expected.同时我们还必须注意，as也可以引导限制性定语从句。领先行词被such, as, the same修饰限制时，我们通常用关系代词as来引导该从句。例如：7&

11、#160; On the subject of reading, Francis Bacon, who lived at about the same time as Shakespeare, 8  They felt such heat in the jungle as they had never felt before. 9  Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as m

12、any words as does a dog. 二 不能直接代入的情况：在不能直接代入时，我们可以试着根据从句与先行词的关系给先行词补加一些成分或改变先行词的形式后，将补加后的词组或改变后的形式放进从句中，并据此确定正确的引导方式。该引导方式主要包括三种形式：关系副词where, when, why；介词加关系代词which, whom; 关系代词whose.一使用关系副词：1  A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is perfor

13、med quickly.A. which    B. where   C. there   D. what 该句中的先行词the place显然是不能直接代入从句中的，但根据句意补全从句的话，从句的完好形式应该是eating is performed quickly in the place，由此便可看出从句缺少的是地点状语，所以应该用where或in which，答案是B。2  We are living in an age_ many things are do

14、ne on computer           A. which   B. that   C. whose   D. when该题与上题的解题思路是一样的，从句缺少的是in the age这样的时间状语，所以我们要么用when，要么用in which。答案是D。3  At the meeting, he explained the reason _he was absent last

15、Monday.A. which   B. that   C. why    D. in which在高考中，关系副词where, when是屡次被考过的内容，但why却很少见，这应该引起我们的注意，当我们看到先行词为the reason时，我们同样要关注它在从句中的作用，如笔者在第一部分所列的上海2019年的那道高考题，先行词reason可以直接代入从句中，所以用关系代词，而该句中的the reason却无法直接代入，从句中明显缺少原因状语，所以我们应该用why或for which。因此答案是C

16、。上述三个例子中的先行词都是明确表示地点、时间、原因的词，很容易使人联想到关系副词where, when, why。但有些时候先行词不是明确表示地点、时间的词，我们仍然要用到where和when，这就要求我们根据句意做出合理的判断，如：4  If a shop has chairs_ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that    B. which    C. when  

17、;  D. where5  There were dirty marks on her trousers_ she had wiped her hands.A. where  B. which    C. when    D. that   6  I can think of many cases_ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressi

18、ons but couldnt write a good essay. A. why    B. which   C. as    D. where上述三个例子中的先行词都不是明确表示地点的名词，但都在从句中充当地点状语，所以答案分别是D，A，D。7  In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions when members are confus

19、ed or uncertain of their roles. 上句中的先行词occasions通常被翻译成“。的情况，不是一个明确表达时间的名词，但用英语解释的话，一切都一目了然了，其意思是“a time when something happens，因此应该使用关系副词when。二使用介词+which/whom领先行词不能直接代入定语从句时，选项中没有关系副词或不能使用关系副词时，我们就要考虑是否可以使用介词+which/whom。这时介词的选用就非常重要了。那么如何确定介词呢？一般有三种方法：8 American women usually identify their bes

20、t friend as someone_ they can talk frequently. A. who     B. as     C. about which   D. with whom9  I saw a women running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction_ she had

21、 come. A. of which     B. by which       C. in which      D. from which上述两题都牵扯到介词+which/whom的用法，用什么介词主要取决于定语从句中的动词。与某人交谈是talk to/with sb.。从某处来是come from。所以答案分别是D，D。10 Many people who had seen the film were afra

22、id to go to the forest when they remembered scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which     B. by which       C. which        D. that11 Do you still remember the day_ you joined our club.A.

23、60;     in which     B. on which       C. which        D. that上述两题的介词选用主要取决于先行词与介词连用的规律，与scene连用的通常是in，而特指某一天通常用on，所以答案分别是A，B。12 I have many friends, _ some are businessm

24、en. A. of them      B. from which    C. who of     D. of whom13 There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _five are mine.A. on which     B. in which      C. of whic

25、h    D. from which   14 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, _80% are sold abroad. A. of which       B. which of       C. of them    D. of that15The

26、schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs_ they are being trained. A. in that         B. for that        C. in which   D. for which16 There are two buildings, _ sta

27、nds nearly a hundred feet high.A.      the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 以上题目中介词的选用主要依靠两句内在的逻辑关系，我们把先行词放进从句中便可以得出以下形式：some of my friends; five of the books; 80% of the shoes; be trained for the job; the larger of the two buil

28、dings，然后就可以得出正确答案，依次为：D，C，A，D，D。三使用关系代词whosewhose在定语从句中是一个具有形容词性质的关系代词，不能单独使用，必须用来修饰一个名词，构成一个词组共同引导一个定语从句，它可以指人，也可以指物，意义上相当于its和ones.17 George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 18Last month

29、, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_ effects the people are still suffering. A. that    B. whose    C. those    D. what19Look out! Dont get too close to the house_ roof is under repair.A.      whose   B. which   C. of which   D. that 上述三题的答案都是whose，但第19题应该引起我们的注意，因为略微变化一下，将roof变成the roof，我们就不能再使用whose，答案是C，这时便构成了the roof of the house， 引导方式变成了of which the roof或the roof of which。三特殊用法20What surprised