英语专业写作教程答案

1、编辑课件1Unit 1Follow-up exercises编辑课件2Write a focused topic sentence for the following subjectLooking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways.PenguinsPenguins resemble human beings in many respects. 编辑课件3Personality Ones personality plays an important role in foreign language learning. Wea

2、therLiving in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages. 编辑课件44.Paragraph I All inventions are either basic inventions or improvements on earlier inventions. Paragraph 2 There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday.Paragraph 3 Nutritional deficiency is a major probl

3、em of the elderly.编辑课件55.Paragraph 1 The world has enjoyed many benefits from the invention of telephone. Paragraph 2 I had a terrible morning today. 编辑课件68.Several techniques have been used to achieve coherence: l) Repetition of key words: junk food, students (as are underlined) 2) Use of transitio

4、nal signals: For one reason, Also, As a result, however (as are italicized) 3) Use of pronouns: they, their, this (as are boldfaced) 编辑课件7Unit 2 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES 3. When I was a child, we never varied our Christmas Eve ritual. We always began our private celebration promptly at 6 p.m. on December

5、 24 when the whole family assembled in our small kitchen. We watched as Mother and my older sister prepared a light supper. As soon as we finished the meal, we rushed into the living room to decorate the tree. The younger children started the decorating by putting tinsel and colorful编辑课件8 balls on t

6、he branches near the base of the tree. Meanwhile, the two older children were placing ornaments on the higher branches. Finally, our parents completed the decorating by placing a beautiful golden-haired angel at the very top of the tree. After we finished the tree, we hurriedly dressed and walked do

7、wn the street to Midnight Mass. As we listened to the service, we remembered the reason we celebrated Christmas. Then we returned home where we ate some of Mothers Christmas goodies. We always ended our Christmas Eve ritual around 2 a.m. by gathering around the tree and singing Silent Night.编辑课件94.

8、Logical sequence of the sentences:4 10 5 12 3 7 15 9 14 2 11 8 13 6 - 1Topic sentence: My family spent two fun-filled days at Disney World last year.编辑课件10 What we did on the first day What we did on the second day 1. We boarded the monorail and rode around the park1. Early the next morning we once

9、again the climbed aboard the monorail and headed for another day of fun. 2. Getting off the car, we headed for Space Mountain. - After waiting in line for almost an hour, we boarded the famous roller coaster that took us for a thrilling ride t h r o u g h D i s n e y s universe. 2. We got off at the

10、 first stop and immediately headed for the Country Bear Jamboree.- After waiting in a long line, we thoroughly enjoyed the singing and playing of the animated bears.编辑课件11 3. Then while resting and drinking Cokes, we decided to visit Main Street. - There we found a good spot to stop and enjoy a colo

11、rful parade of floats portraying the history of the United States. - An hour passed quickly as float after float rolled by, depicting such scenes as Daniel Boone killing a bear.3. When the show was over, we decided to spend the rest of our short visit touring the park and watching the many other sho

12、ws. 编辑课件124. A short time later, we decided we wanted lunch and began to poke around the restaurants. - At last we settled on the Cafe Orleans where we had either a late lunch or an early dinner. 5. Afterward, we spent the remainder of the day browsing in the specialty shops of the Magic Kingdom. 编辑

13、课件13Concluding sentence: Although we were very tired at midnight, we agreed that our two-day vacation at Disney World was one of the best we had ever had.5. (1) Then (2) morning (3) afternoon (4) Then (5) After that (6)when (7) already (8) after编辑课件146. Sample paragraph The New Year celebration was

14、so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Years Day, my mother would let me help her send out New Years cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets 1 bought firecrackers, like all the other kids. Then, beginning on New Years Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers

15、was everywhere, day and night. On New Years Day, I watched huge parades go by in the middle of the streets. People wearing costumes danced past us. Some of them were playing instruments; some were having lion dances, and dragon dances. Afterwards, we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited f

16、riends and relatives to wish them Happy New Year.编辑课件15Unit3 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES3. Logical sequence of the sentences: 3 6 1 4 7 5 2 Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.编辑课件164. l) Standing in the burned-out shell of my living room was

17、a shocking experience. Above my head were charred beams, all that remained of our ceiling. In front of me, where our television and stereo had once stood, were twisted pieces of metal and chunks of blackened glass. Strangely, some items seemed little damaged by the fire. For example, I could see the

18、 TV tuner knob and a dusty CD under the rubble. I walked through the ashes until I came to what was left of our sofa. Behind the sofa had been a wall of family photographs. Now, the wall and the pictures were gone. I found only a water-logged scrap of my wedding picture.编辑课件17 2) The central focus i

19、s a shocking experience. To support the main idea, the writer uses a lot of descriptions and organizes these details according to the space relationship, and thus coherence is achieved.编辑课件185. (1) into (2) crosses (3) In the center of (4)Outside (5) inside(6) On the front(7) over (8)down (9) lined

20、with (10) At the rear编辑课件196. This paragraph is developed in a circular order, i.e. from east to north, and then to south. You are encouraged to describe the house using other ways of arrangement.编辑课件20Unit 4 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES Look at each others paragraph on the procedures of completing some hous

21、ework in pairs, comment on each others writing, using what you have learned in this unit. 编辑课件213.Pattern: description with supplementary explanations.Steps of the processResults of the effortStep 1Wooden casks a r e f i r s t interconnected a n d t h e n stacked in tiers. /编辑课件22Step2 Young sherrie

22、s are poured into the casks at the top whereas the mature sherries are drawn out of the casks at the bottom. One third of the content is drawn out of one cask in any one year.step3Different sherries are constantly mixed up. Special characteristics of t h e d i f f e r e n t s h e r r i e s a r e mai

23、ntained year after year. 编辑课件234. with (2) while ( 3 ) s l o w l y (4)Gradually (5) With(6) By this time (7) Suddenly (8) final (9) ending (10) applause编辑课件245. Task 1Step 1Prepare and lay out food; make the special lanterns.Step 2Keep dancing and singing overnight.Step 3 Throw the food and lanterns

24、 into a river or sea. Step 4Watch the lanterns drifting way.编辑课件25Linking words and phrases that connect these procedures:firstly, also, afterward, Then, signals the end编辑课件266. According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the day for the Mid-Autumn Festival, an

25、d the day usually falls on one of the days in the latter half of September. For this occasion people need to buy moon cakes in advance. And when that evening comes with a full moon rising, Chinese families begin to have a big dinner together. The family members enjoy many delicacies, including sweet

26、 or salty moon cakes as well as some编辑课件27 special food like taros and young soya beans. For those who are absent from the family, moon cakes have already been sent to them days before. When the family enjoy all of these, they will look up at the full moon, chatting or missing their faraway relative

27、s or friends. For them, the full moon symbolizes reunion. Such feelings and scenes are fully expressed by a Chinese saying: the moon at home is exceptionally brighter.编辑课件28Unit5 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES The outline for Paragraph B: Topic sentence: Working in an apple plant was the worst job I ever had.

28、Examples:I. First of all. the work was physically hard. 编辑课件29Specific details:l) For ten hours a night i took cartons that rolled down a metal track and stacked them onto wooden skids in a tractor trailer.2) Each carton contained twelve 32-ounce cans or bottles of apple juice, and they were heavy.编

29、辑课件30 2. The second bad feature of the job was the pay. Specific details: I was getting the minimum wage at that time, $1.25 an hour, plus a minimum of a nickel extra for working the night shift.编辑课件31 3. The worst feature of the apple plant job was the working conditions. Specific details: 1) Durin

30、g work we were limited to two 10-minute breaks and an unpaid half-hour for lunch. 2) The steel floors of the trucks were like ice: the quickly penetrating cold made my feet feel like stone. Concluding sentence: I felt humiliated by the poverty that forced me to do such a bitter job. 编辑课件324. Logical

31、 sequence of the sentences: 3-6-1-8-2-4-7-5Pattern: It follows Pattern l and uses many examples to illustrate the controlling idea.编辑课件335. (l) For example (2)Furthermore (3) In still another instance (4) Even(5) his ( 6 ) t h e s e ( 7 ) contemporary编辑课件347. 1) Ive never seen a girl as lazy as Aren

32、a. 2) English teachers are applying different means to teach the English language. 3) Americans have been decreasing their working hours since early 19/)0s. 4) My father has been a generous man to his children.编辑课件35Unit 6 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES3. Subject; Class; CharacteristicsRepublic: a form of gove

33、rnment in which power resides in the people (the electorate)Wolf: a large, dog-like carnivorous mammal with yellowish or brownish gray and coarse fur, erect pointed ears, and a bushy tail编辑课件36Jazz: a style of music that features improvisation and performancePersistence: a kind of quality not giving

34、 up even during rough times编辑课件374. Improved definitionsn A stadium is a structure or building in which sports spectaculars are held.nSocialism is a theory or system of community organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production, capital, land and so for

35、th, in the community as a whole.编辑课件383. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use the energy of light to produce compounds,such as sugar and starch, from a number of substances including water and carbon dioxide.4. Surreptitious means secret.编辑课件395. Political conservatives are people who a

36、re dedicated to preserving the existing conditions,such as William F. Buckley, Jr., and Pat Robertson.6. Hearing aids are a kind of device which enables deaf people to hear sounds such as normal speech.编辑课件40Unit 7 Follow-up ExercisesKey to exercises3. 1) Pattern: single effect and multiple causes2)

37、 Causes Effectgot drunk at the partyhad taken the drug of Bart Jr.s suicide Accutaneadolescent depression编辑课件414. Logical sequence of the sentences:2 4 1 3 6 5Pattern of cause and effect: single effect and multiple causes.5. Task OneTopic: Society itself may be producing the distortions of personali

38、ty, mental illness, and emotional instability.编辑课件42Points Causes Effect1 societys compartmentalizing2.societys competitive demands distortions of personality, etc.3.inability to rebel编辑课件43Unit 8 Follow-up ExercisesKey to exercises3. 1) Topic: University Students Entertainment Topic sentence: Unive

39、rsity students entertainment can be divided into three categories according to where it takes place. Division: a) entertainment at homeb) entertainment on campusc) entertainment elsewhere2) Topic: Roles of Young Married Women in SocietyTopic sentence: The average young married women in todays societ

40、y has her life divided into three different roles.编辑课件44Division: a) the role of wifeb) the role of motherc) the role of self3) Topic: NeighborsTopic sentence: Neighbors fall into three categories accordign to their different attitudes towards you.Division: a) those who are friendlyb) those who are

41、indifferentc) those who hate you编辑课件454. 1) Mattresses:Queen; twin; firm; doubleSingle basis: size2) Exercise:Fatigue; swimming; gymnastics; jogglingSingle basis: field 3) Churches: Roman Catholic; Baptism; Protestant; OrthodoxSingle Basis: branch编辑课件464) Vacation:Seashore; winter; summer; weekendsS

42、ingle basis: time编辑课件475. Logical sequence of the sentence:73 10 9 1 5 8 4 2 11 6Subject: Christmas giftsTopic sentence: Christmas gifts can be divided into three groups, according to their after-Christmas fate.编辑课件48Division:4those that are welcomed and put into use very soon4those that are halfway

43、 between being hated and loved4those that you banish as soon as possible.Concluding sentence: By New Years Day, you have either used, stored or disposed of each of your Christmas gifts.编辑课件49Unit 9 Follow-up Exercises3. Pattern: point-by-pointSubjectPoint Western HomesJapanese Homesroom functionEach

44、 room has its own function.One room serves all the functions.tableEach home has several tables for different functions.One low table serves all the purposes.编辑课件50doorWestern homes have fixed, hinged doors.Japanese homes have lightweight sliding doors.编辑课件514. Logical sequence of the sentences:53 6

45、2 4 8 7 1Pattern of comparison and contrast: subject by subject5. similar; although; difference; identical; again; while; But; difference; consistency completely编辑课件525.1. similar 2. although3. difference4. identical5. again6. while7. But8. difference9. pletely编辑课件536. Task One SubjectPoint Authority-centered HomeSocial-centered Homerole of parentsFather or mother is the authori