人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点

1、人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点U4（选修六）Languagepoints-reading1on/upon+n依靠,依赖,确（坚）信Youcantdependonyourparentsforever.dependon/upon+sb.+todo指望某人做Youcantdependonhimtocomeontime.dependon/upon+it+that指望：.Youmaydependonitthathewillcome.dependon/upon+wh-从句Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork.That（all）depends./it

2、alldepends.（口语）视情况而定，Imayhelpyou.Butthat/itdepends.2. light1）n.光,线,灯2）v.照亮，点燃Helitamatch.他划着了一根火柴。Asmileoftriumphlitupherface.她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。Thematchlightseasily.这火柴容易划着3）adjThesuitcaseisverylight.（轻的）Therewasalightrainfalling.Heisalightsleeper.他睡不沉。（易醒的）3. heatv./heatup是某物变热或变暖heatedadj.热的激烈的heatedde

3、bate,heateddiscussionheatedlyadv.愤怒地激昂地heater加热器发热器consumer（n.）.1 消耗,花费;耗尽Sheconsumedmostofhertimeinreading.2 吃完,喝光Thekidssoonconsumedallthefoodonthetable.孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。3 使全神贯注,使着迷+withTheboywasconsumedwithcuriosity.那男孩充满好奇心。asonecan=asaspossiblePleasecomehereassoonaspossible.=Pleasecomehereas

4、soonasyoucan.asmanyas多达aslongas长达,只要asfaras远至，就而论aswellas和一样好，也，和asearlyas早在6 .对比：Ourfoodsupplyhasgivenout.Hismoneysoonranout.Wearerunningoutofourtime.Ihaverunoutofmyoil.Allhissavingshavebeenusedup.vt./n.挡住圈套Sandandleavestrappedthewaterinthestream.Theyfinallytrappedthemouseinacage.最后，他们用笼子把老鼠逮着了。The

5、policesetatrapforthethieves.Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.from.stop.(from)prevent(from)Youshouldcleanyourroomtokeepitfromgettingdirty.你应该打扫房间以保持干净。Keepdoing继续keepout挡住使进不去keepupwith跟上9Whatdoyouthinkgreenhousegasesdo你认为温室气体有什么作用呢本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语从句。但应注意的是：特殊宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe，sup

6、pose，consider,imagine，guess和suggest等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。例如：正Whodoyouthinkwillwininthegame误Doyouthinkwhowillwininthegame当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如：误Whydoyouknowwecantcutdownthebigtree正Doyouknowwhywecantcutdownthebigtreewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges是一个省略的时间状语从句，其完整的形式应该是Whenitiscomparedto；在时间、地点、条件、方式

7、或让步状语从句中，如果从句和主句为同一主语，或者从句的主语是it,而且从句中的谓语动词时动词be或含有助动词be,可省略主语和be如：If(itis)so,youmustgetbackandgetit.Although(hewas)criticized,hestillworkedhard.Hehurthislegsbadlywhen(hewas)playingfootballcompareto/with:与相比Comparedto/withmanywomen,pareAwithB：相比(不同)Ifyoucompareherworkwit

8、hhis,pareAtoB：把A比作BPoetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.Ateachersworkisoftencomparedtoacandle.Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoems.Comparedtotenyearsago,thecarbondioxidecontentoverthisdecadehasgoneuprapidly.Carbondioxideintheatmosphereiscomparedtotheglassofgreenhouse.Comp

9、aredwithissimilartoPeopleoftencompareteacherstogardeners.人们经常把老师比做园丁。Thatprobablydoesnparedtomostnaturalchanges与大多数的自然变化相比about:发生=happen（无被动）1 Thissituationshouldneverhavecomeout.2 Howdiditcomeaboutthathehadhisleghurt他的腿伤着了，这是怎么发生的3 Thishasnotcomeaboutovernight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒Takeplace事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：T

10、heOlympicGamesof2008tookplaceinBeijing.Happen偶然或突发性事件：whathappenedtoyouIhappenedtoseehimonmywayhome=IthappenedthatIsawhimonmywayhome.Occur发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen:whathasoccurredIoccurredtomethatshedidntknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.Comeabout事情发生了，但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问Whenmotherwokeup,shedidntknowwhathadc

11、omeabout.Breakout常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生comeintobeing形成Comeintopower/office当权/当职Comeintoforce/effect开始生效Comeout出版，结果comeacross（禺遇cometo共计，苏醒Whenitcomesto涉及Comeupwith提出Comeup在空中出现，Comealong,进展，跟随cometrue成真isnodoubtthat毫无疑问.Thereisnodoubtthathecancomeontime.doubt的宾语从句,肯定句whether/if/that否定句thatHedoubtedwhether

12、theywouldbeabletohelp.Heneverdoubtedthattheywouldwinthegame.beyond/withoutdoubt无疑地Itishumanactivitythat原句：Myteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme.强调主语：Itwasmyteacherthatdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme.强调宾语Itwastheexperimentthatmyteacherdidinthelabyesterdaymorningwithme

13、.强调时间状语Itwasyesterdaymorningthatmyteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabwithme.强调地点状语Itwasinthelabthatmyteacherdidtheexperimentyesterdaymorningwithme.强调方式状语Itwaswithmethatmyteacherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdaymorning.notuntilIdidntrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.Itwasuntilshet

14、ookoffherdarkglassesthatIdidntrealizeshewasafamousfilm徽）ar.（ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.（对）强调句的一般疑问句句型：Is/Was+被强大的部分+that/who/whom+句子的其他部分特殊疑问句强调句句型的构成：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+句子的其他部分(用陈述语序)例如：DidhehelpyouwithyourEnglishstudylastweekWasithethathelpedyouwithyourEn

15、glishstudylastweekWhendidyoureceivethegiftWhenwasitthatyoureceivedthegift13random随意的胡乱的随机的/randomlyatrandom任意地随便地14. phenomenon(sing.)phenomena(pl.)thephenomenaofnature自然现象asocialphenomenon社会现象vi.Vt.Subscribeto同意赞同，支持订阅签名Isubscribetoyouropinioncompletely.(同意赞同)IsubscribetoaweeklywomensmOgOZne杂志)Shes

16、ubscribestoasocietywhichhelpstoprotectanimals(定期捐款)16. Withoutthegreenhouseeffect，theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷33这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句=Iftherewereno“greenhouseeffect”the,earthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoel

17、ectricity)，therewouldbenomodemindustry要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。Hewashavingameetingwithhisstudents；otherwisehewouldhavecome.他当时正与他的学生进行讨论，否则的话他就来帮我们了。Hefeltverytiredyesterday,orhewouldhaveattendedtheparty他昨天很累,不然他就参加那个聚会了。17. addv.addup加起来addupto合计达addto增加Ifyouadd4to3,youget7Addupthesefigures,please.18. quanti

18、ty1) Helikesreadingandalwaysbuysbooksinquantity.他喜欢阅读,总是成批地买书。2)Heprefersqualitytoquantitywhenfoodisconcerned.在吃的方面，他重质而不重量3Alargequantityofair-conditionershasbeensoldsincethetemperaturebegantorise.自从气温升高，大量的空调已经被卖出去了。alargequantityof/largequantitiesof;大量的二许多的inquantity;成批地，大量地alargequantityof/large

19、quantitiesof之后接可数或不可数名词。注意:alargequantityof作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。largequantitiesof作主语，谓语动词都用复数Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.HugequantitiesofCO2areaddedtotheatmosphere.Hugequantitiesoffossilfuelsareburnedtoproduceenergy.Asaresultofburningfossilfuels,alargeofcarbondioxide_addedtotheatmosphere.A.number;isB.qu

20、antity;isC.number;areD.quantity;aremeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.这就意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。causing现在分词短语置于句尾，通常和句子隔开，作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，表示正常的结果Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoneyandabigcompany.不定式短语也可以置于句尾，有时前面加only,在句子中作结果状语，但往往表示出乎意料之外的或事与

21、愿违的结果例如：Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthatthtrainhadleftalready.20.Tend-tendencyvt.照顾，护理Sheistending(to)averysickpatient.(她在护理一位重病人。)Thereisafarmertendinghissheep.vi.tendto易于，往往会；倾向于WhenImtired,Itendtomakemistakes.Hetendstogetangrywhenpeopleopposehisopinion.Shewentup(toCambridge)in1977.(英)上大学Cigar

22、ettesaregoingup(inprice).上涨Newofficeblocksaregoingupeverywhere.建造起盖起Thewholebuildingwentupinflames.被烧(炸)毁WhenareyounextgoinguptoScotland北上苏格兰Unemploymenthasgoneupagain.增加Thecurtaingoesuponasuburbanliving-room.(舞台幕布)拉起WeregoinguptoLondonnextweekend.进城goupinsmoke化为乌有goby经过goinfor参加gothrough经历，遭到goon前进

23、22.resultin导致,造成=leadtoTheaccidentresultedinthreepeoplebeingkilled.Theaccidentthedeathoftwopassengers.A.resultedfromB.resultedinC.resultedofD.resultedwithresultfrom:起因于，因为citizensopposedthenewtax.大部分市民反对新税。2)Themotheropposedherdaughtersgoingtherealonei母亲反对她女儿个人去那儿3)Imstronglyopposedtoyourpl僦坚决反对你的计划

24、。4)Hisdaughterisveryathletic,asopposedtohisson,whoisveryclever.他的女儿擅长运动，他的儿子却擅长动脑，两人形成鲜明的对比。opposesth反对某事；opposedoingsth反对干某事beopposedtosth./doingsth.反对asopposedto(介词)与对照下表示“反对”的短语：saynoto对说不，拒绝，反对；beagainst反对，不同意；objectto(doing)sth.反对，讨厌；objectthat对提出异议。例如：Canyouexplainwhyyousaidnotomyoffer你能否解释一下为

25、什么拒绝我的帮助Theyobjectedthattheschedulewastootight.它们对工作进度表太紧提出异议。24. 1)Theriseinlungcancerswasaconsequenceofcigarettesmoking.肺癌的增长是吸烟造成的结果。2) Imafraidyou你恐怕是病了吧reill.Itsofnoconsequences3)Asaconsequenceofagreatfirethehousewascompletelydestroyed.由于大火，房子被彻底毁坏了。4)Whoshouldanswerfortheconsequenceoftheaccide

26、nt.谁应该为这起事故负责beofno/little/great/much+consequence不/非常重要asaconsequence(of)=inconsequence(of结果)(是)，由于taketheconsequenceof承担责任answerfortheconsequences对后果负责。句子改写1)Hehadntenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,sotheyhadtowalkthere.=Hehadntenoughmoneytopayourbusfrae,andintheyhadtowalkthere.2)Istheexperimentveryimport

27、anttoyou=Istheexperimenttoyouinconsequenceofgreatconsequence25. mildadj.1) 温和的,温柔的Heisthemildestmanalive.他是世上最和善的人了。2) 温暖的,暖和的Itsbeenamildwinterthisyear.今年的冬天一直很暖和。3) 味淡的,不浓烈的Pleasemakemydrinkamildone.请把我的酒调得淡一点。4) 轻微的,不重的;宽大的Hewasgivenamildpunishment.他被从轻发落。26. state-statementThewitnessstatedthatsh

28、ehadneverseenMr.Smith陈述;声明;说明Iceisthesolidstateofwater.形态Inchina,therailwayareownedbythestate.国家,政府Thereare50statesinAmericaEverythingwasinastateofdisorder.状态Thepresidenthasmadeanimportantstatementaboutthematter.state是常用词，只人或物所处的外表、心理、健康及所处的情形等方面的情况，但不如condition具体，只用作单数形式。Thehousewasinadirtystate.co

29、ndition是常用词，。用作单数形式，表示人或物目前所处的真实具体状态，尤指内在状态，可与state替用；eg.beinpoor/goodcondition。用作复数形式时，笼统地表示一般状态。eg.poorworkingconditionssituation是一般用词，尤指处于某时期的状况，处境，局面，形势。指各种具体情况综合起来的状态，多指危急或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响，常用作单数形式。oneselfinanembarrassingsituationposition。有利的状况（如竞争中或战争中的）。（尤作单数）处境，情势（尤指影响某人行为的能力）amnotinaposit

30、iontohelpyou.我帮不了你。27. range1）排列,将.排成行Thecardswererangedinalphabeticalorder.2） ）（在一定范围内）变化thefrontierrangesfromthenorthernhillstothesoutherncoastThepricesofthepensrangefrom$5-$100.3） Itsbeyondtherangeofmyability.4） Icamewithinmyrangeofvision.5） hehasawiderangeofknowledge.beyondtherangeof超出范围withinth

31、erangeof在范围内rangefromAtoB范围从A到B28.1）Thecloudsarebuildingup.云彩在聚集2）Youneedmoreproteintobuildyouup.增强体质,强身健体。3）Shesbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusine逐步建立4）Thesingerhasbeenbuiltupintoagoodsuccess.吹捧，赞扬5）Imverygladtoseethatyourvocabularyisgraduallybuildingup.逐渐增长6）Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter.（喻）能磨练人

32、的性格29. evenif/thoughIwouldnttellyouevenifIknew.Evenifshesurvives,shellneverfullyrecover.Eventhoughhes24now,hesstilllikealittlechild.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.30. steady-steadily平稳的，持续的，可靠地，稳固的HehasmadeasteadydecisionTherehasbeenasteadyincreaseincarproductioninthepast6months.ZhangFen

33、gisasteadyyoungman.Pleasekeeptheladdersteady.Wedroveatasteadyspeed.Asteadyjob/income稳定的工作/收入Asteadyworker可靠的工人Steadyrain连绵的雨31. tendency倾向趋势Shehasartistictendencies.她有艺术气质。Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.Maryisnicebutshehasatendencytotalktoomuch.有倾向；+to/towardHehasaten

34、dencytowardspessimism.他有悲观的倾向。Bobhasatendencytoexaggeratethings.鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。Trendtendencycurrent:这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意。trend:指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势。Arecenttrendinliterature,fashiontrendtendency:指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。current:指向某一方面发展或在确趋向中行动32. widespread分布广的，普遍的Theforestsarewidespreadinourcountry.我们的国家森林分布很广。The

35、newlawsgainedwidespreadacceptance.Theirsuggestionmetwithwidespreaddisagreement普遍的Therewasawidespreadbeliefinhisinnocencethewhole总的来说；从总体上看Onthewhole,heisagoodboy.Theweatherthismonthhasbeencoldonthewhole.Onthewhole,Iminfavoroftheidea.Thepaperiswellwrittenonthewhole.34.averageabovetheaverage在一般水平以上,中上

36、;在平均数以上belowtheaverage在一般水平以下,中下;在平均数以下onaverage平均,按平均数计算;一般地说onanaverage平均,按平均数计算;一般地说Theaverageof4,8,and60is24.(N)4、8和60的平均数是24。平均；平均水平adjWhatistheaveragerainfallforAugustinyourcountryTheaverageageofthestudentsinthisclassis9.Hisaverageresult(ofthisthreesubjects)is96.Hisresultsistheaverage.他成绩平平Ids

37、ayhewasofaverageheig用等个头Tomisgoodatmaths-wellaboveaverage.远远高于平均水平Onaverage,babiesstartwalkingatayearold.Languagepoints-reading2behalfof代表一方Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight,butlwanttothankyouonhisbehalf.Weattendedtheglobalconferenceonbehalfofourcountry.Imgreatlyhonoredtopuotnperformancehereonbehalfofm

38、yschool.Theheroswifeacceptedthemedalonbehalfofherdeadhusband.v.提倡主张拥护鼓吹/n.提倡者Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.Tmitment-commitv.犯罪犯错误,使承担义务,为某人作出保证commitacrimeadifference:有关系，有影响，有重要性makenodifference：没有关系，没有重要性Itwontmakemuchdifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.你今天去或明天

39、去没有多大关系.Itmakenodifferenceifyoulightalampinthesunshine.白天点灯多此一举。upwith忍受;忍耐;受苦Wecantputupwithhisendlesscomplaint.Imafraidyoullhavetoputupwithhisbadtemper.Thatwoman,asahousewife,hasalottoputupwith.Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecantputupwithit.与stand,bear同义Wehavetobearwithhisbadtemperbecauseheisabitfr

40、ustratedthesedays.Icannotstandwaitinganylonger.Modernplasticscanveryhighandverylowtemperature.（山东）AstandB.holdC.carryD.supportKey:Aputaside节省（钱、时间）;储蓄;把放在一边putaway收拾起来;储存（钱）putback放回原处;拖延putdown写下;记下;控制putforward提出（意见、建议）;推荐putoff延期;推迟putout熄灭;扑灭putup举起;张开（伞）;张贴;为提供食宿Matchthephraseswiththecorrectmea

41、ninglongas/aslongas只要，如果Aslongasyoudontbetrayme,Illdowhateveryouaskmeto（do）.Youcangoout,as/solongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11oclock.Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.Youmayborrowthisbooksolongasyoupromisetogiveitback.IwillstayaslongasIcan.onconditionthat在的条件下1 ）IwillgoabroadonconditionthatIe