必修五：语法 过去分词作宾语补足语

1、过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语Welcome to my class一一. 请判断下列过去分词在句中所作的成分。请判断下列过去分词在句中所作的成分。1.He is excited to see his father. 2. Mr. King gave a satisfied smile. 3. Have you ever heard a song sung in Japanese? 4. That year ended with nothing settled. 表语表语 定语定语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 二、什么是宾语补足语？二、什么是宾语补足语？ 在英语中有些

2、及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以在英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外还要有某个词或词组来补充说明宾语的意义外还要有某个词或词组来补充说明宾语的意义或状态，才能使句子的意义完整，这个词或者或状态，才能使句子的意义完整，这个词或者词组称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补词组称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。足语称为复合宾语。 1.We think him clever. 2.Everyone calls him Tom. 3.My brother had that door painted last week cleverTompainted形容词做宾补形容词做宾补名词做宾补

3、名词做宾补过去分词做宾补过去分词做宾补三三. 过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语 1. We found the egg eaten by the snake. 2. Youd better get the dangerous building pulled down. 归纳：归纳：1.1. 宾语补足语一般放在宾语宾语补足语一般放在宾语_, _, 对宾语起对宾语起_的作用。的作用。2. 2. 英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示 _意义，宾语是过去分词动作的对象。意义，宾语是过去分词动作的对象。3.3.宾语补足语的一般结构：宾语补足语的一般结构： 某些某些及物

4、动词及物动词+ +直接宾语直接宾语+ +宾语补足语宾语补足语之后之后补充说明补充说明被动或完成被动或完成（一）（一）A. I find my money stolen. B. He watched the balloon blown away.C. I saw an old man knocked down by a car.归纳：归纳：（1）表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：）表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：_动词动词 如：如：_感官感官see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice, 四四. 能用过去分词作宾补的几类词：能用过去分词作宾补的几类词：归纳

5、：归纳：(2)表示表示“使使”“”“令令”“”“让让”等含有等含有“致使致使”意意义的动词，即：义的动词，即：_动词动词如：如：_使役使役make, get, have, help, leave （二）（二）AWhat made them so frightened? BI have had my bike repaired. C. He got his TV set mended.注意：注意： 在在“have+宾宾+-ed分词分词”这一结构中，这一结构中， have有三种意义：有三种意义： 1. 表示主动请别人来做某事，表示主动请别人来做某事， 即：即：使某事被别人做使某事被别人做 She

6、had her hair cut yesterday.2. 表示表示遭受到某种不幸遭受到某种不幸 的事情的事情 She had her arm broken in an accident.3. 表示表示使完成某事使完成某事（事情既可以是别人做完，（事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成）。也可以由主语参与完成）。 He had the walls painted yesterday 归纳：归纳：(3)表示表示“_”等意义的词，等意义的词， 如：如：_等。等。（三）（三）A. He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. B. H

7、e ordered this work (to be) finished by tomorrow. C. They wish a bridge built in their hometown one day.意愿、命令或者希望意愿、命令或者希望want, wish, like, order 归纳：归纳： (4) 过去分词用在过去分词用在“_ +宾语宾补宾语宾补” 这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间 是动宾关系是动宾关系（四）（四）A. All afternoon he worked with the door locked.B. The thief was broug

8、ht in with his hands tied behind his back. with 温馨提示：温馨提示：在在“with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 ” 结构中，当介词的宾语和后结构中，当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成面的动词构成_关系时，则用现在分词（关系时，则用现在分词（doing）做宾补。若侧重表示）做宾补。若侧重表示_的动作，则用不定式（的动作，则用不定式（to do）做宾补。）做宾补。Eg. 1.With the boy leading us to the village, we saved a lot of time. 2. With so much homework to fini

9、sh, I cant come to the party tonight.主谓主谓将来将来五、过去分词作宾补现在分词作宾补的区别五、过去分词作宾补现在分词作宾补的区别 1.英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示英语中过去分词可作宾补，一般表示被动或完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。宾语被动或完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。宾语是过分词动作的对象。是过分词动作的对象。Eg. 1. We have our classroom cleaned after school every day.（ classroom 与与cleaned之间为逻辑上的被动关系之间为逻辑上的被动关系 ） 2. When I got

10、home, I found my wallet gone. ( “丢丢”这一动作在这一动作在“回到家回到家”之前之前已经已经完成完成)2.用现在分词做宾补，表示动作正在进行，且与宾语构成主谓关系。Eg. When I came here, I saw lilei reading an English book.( “读书读书”这个动作正在进行这个动作正在进行)1.Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked Exercise2. I dont

11、 want the children _ out in such weather.A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking 3. We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly. A.settled B. settle C.is settled D.settling 4. You must get the work _ before Friday. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done5. A cook will immediately be fired if he is found _ in t

12、he kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smokedHomework:（一）填空（一）填空1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it.2. -Did Peter fix the computer himself? -He had it _(fix), because he doesnt know much about computers.finishedfixed3. She cant see th

13、e words on the blackboard, so she needs to have her eyes _(examine).4. With the task_(finish), we had a happy weekend.5. On the top of the hill, I could see smoke _ (rise) from the chimneys in the village. examinedfinishedrising6. This is the first time that I have heard the poem _ (speak) in English. 7. I was wondering why they kept the door _ (lock) for such a long time. 8. Helen had to shout to make herself_ (hear) above the sound of the music.spokenlockedheard（二）（二）. 完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷走了。他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷走了。 The moment he got off the bus, _2.皮