必修五-unit1-词汇

1、Unit1Word study 1. Characteristic n，意思是，意思是“特特点；特征；特性点；特征；特性”与与feature意意思相近。思相近。 它也可用作它也可用作adj.意为意为“典型的；典型的；具有具有的特点的的特点的”。Traffic jams are a characteristic of large cities. The smell is characteristic of garlic. 2. put forward 理解：说出下列句中划线部分的意思。理解：说出下列句中划线部分的意思。 Weve put the wedding forward by two we

2、eks.(2) Put the clock forward by ten minutes.(3)Mr.Smith put forward a suggestion at the meeting。(4) Her name was put forward for the lead role in the play. 将将提前提前(advance) (advance) 把（时钟）往前拨把（时钟）往前拨 提出建议提出建议( )( )被推荐被推荐/提名提名a advice提出；推荐、提名；提前提出；推荐、提名；提前come up with词汇拓展词汇拓展: up down out off on up w

3、ith asideput记下，放下记下，放下熄灭熄灭(灯灯);扑灭扑灭 (火火)推迟，延期，脱下推迟，延期，脱下举起举起; 建造建造; 张贴张贴 穿上穿上忍受忍受储蓄，放在一储蓄，放在一边边用适当的介、副词填空用适当的介、副词填空(1)The plan that you put _ at the meeting is wonderful.(2)Many tall buildings were put _ along the road.(3)Firefighters have been called to put _ the fire in the city centre.(4)He has a

4、 little money to put _ for a rainy day.(5)Dont put _ until tomorrow what can be done today.forwardupoutasideoffconclude sth with sth:以以结束某事结束某事conclude sth from:从从中推断出中推断出conclude that：推断出推断出Its concluded that:据推断据推断To conclude 总之总之 3.conclude v. 总结总结 ，结束，推断出结束，推断出他朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。他朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。What do

5、 you conclude from these facts.医生断定病人患的是癌症。医生断定病人患的是癌症。To conclude/in conclusion, I wish you all good health and a long life.n. 结论，结束I come to a conclusion that he is lying*(改错）改错）.最后，我对我的俄罗斯之行说几句。In conclusion, I will say a few words about my visit to Re to /reach / draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论 in co

6、nclusion 总之，概括来说总之，概括来说 conclusion 4.defeat 1.Our team defeated theirs in the game. 2.2. The result of your exams almost defeated me. 1.They have got six victories and two defeats.2.2. They finally had to admit defeat. 他们最后只得认输。他们最后只得认输。打败，战胜打败，战胜Vt.打败，战胜；使受挫打败，战胜；使受挫 n. 失败失败辨析：辨析：defeat, beat, win,

7、 conquer这三个词都有这三个词都有“赢赢”的意思，但用法不尽相同。的意思，但用法不尽相同。(1)defeat/beat都可都可接接sb.作宾语作宾语,其宾语通常是其宾语通常是“人人”或或“一个团体一个团体”，如如a team, a class, an army等。等。另外另外,defeat还可用于指在战争中还可用于指在战争中“击败击败”敌军或入侵者。敌军或入侵者。(2)win后后接接sth.如如game, war, prize, respect等；等；(3)Conquer _Sb./sth.5.attend（1）You must attend to your work.（2）Attend

8、 carefully to what she is saying.（3）I didnt attend his wedding on Sunday because I was too busy.（4）He has some matters to attend to today.你必须专心于你的工作。你必须专心于你的工作。注意听她说话。注意听她说话。星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。他今天有很多事情要处理。他今天有很多事情要处理。attend a meeting 参加参加/出席会议出席会议attend school /church 上学上学/去教堂去教堂atten

9、d to sb/sth.专心专心,注意注意,仔细听仔细听 接待接待,招待招待,处理处理,照料照料参加参加joinjoin in take part in attend May I _your discussion? He was ill so he didnt_ his classes. His brother_ the army two years ago. A lot of college students _sports meeting last year. 加入（团体，组织，参军）、加入（团体，组织，参军）、 参加（某些小型活动）参加（某些小型活动） 参加参加( (会议，课程，婚礼），

10、不会议，课程，婚礼），不在活动中起作用在活动中起作用参加（某些大型活动）参加（某些大型活动） join inattendjoinedtook part injoin sb. in sth./doing sth, 1. The wolf opened its mouth to _ a row of sharp teeth. 2. Dont _ your skin_ the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexposeexpose6to1.He exposed the plan to the newspapers.2. The film has be

11、en exposed.3. The more one is exposed to the English- speaking environment , the better he or she will learn the language. 他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。这胶卷已经曝光了。这胶卷已经曝光了。归纳总结归纳总结expose sth. 显露或露出某事物显露或露出某事物expose sb to sth 使接触使接触/使暴露使暴露 =sb be exposed to sthMany girls like to _ themselves _ the sun i

12、n summer.Many girls like to _the sun in summer.exposetobe exposed to7.cure Vt. 治愈治愈 cure sb.of + 疾病名称疾病名称 治愈某人治愈某人.（疾病）（疾病） cure sb.of + 不良行为不良行为 矫正某人不良行为矫正某人不良行为1. Can this medicine cure me of my cold? 这药能治好我的感冒吗？这药能治好我的感冒吗？2. He was cured of his habit of drinking. 他已经改掉了喝酒的坏习惯。他已经改掉了喝酒的坏习惯。n. 治愈，治

13、疗方法治愈，治疗方法a cure for sth.治疗治疗的方法的方法Is there a certain cure for cancer yet?Treat sb. For sth.与与cure sb.of sth.结构类似的短语还有结构类似的短语还有_sb.of sth. 使使某人某人想起想起某事某事_sb.of sth. 抢抢了某人某物了某人某物_sb.of sth. 通知通知某人某事某人某事_sb.of sth. 警告警告某人某事某人某事_sb.of sth. 使使某人某人摆脱摆脱某事某事_sb. of sth. 使使某人某人信服信服.remindrob inform warn rid

14、 convince 8. challenge n. 挑战，挑战书挑战，挑战书accept / take up a challenge 接受挑战接受挑战face / meet a challenge 面对挑战，面对挑战，应对挑战应对挑战a challenge to 对对的挑战的挑战 （to 为介词）为介词）To deal with so many children is a real challenge to her.9.absorb: vt 吸收；吸引；使专心吸收；吸引；使专心absorbinto: 把吸收入absorb ones attention: 吸引某人的注意be absorbed i

15、n: 全神贯注于=absorb oneself inBlack walls _ a lot of heat during the day.The cream is easily _ into the skin._(专心于工作)his work, Tom simply forgot food and sleep.absorbabsorbedAbsorbed in 10. suspect vt. 怀疑，觉察怀疑，觉察我们不相信他们的诚实。我们不相信他们的诚实。We suspected their honesty.老虎觉察到危险，逃跑了。老虎觉察到危险，逃跑了。The tiger suspected

16、 danger and ran away.suspect sb.of (doing) sth怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事suspect sb.to be 怀疑某人是怀疑某人是suspect that怀疑怀疑运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。式填空。 (1) I suspect him _ (be) the spy. (2) What made you suspect her _ having taken the money?ofto be11. blame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责; n. 过失；责备过失；责备 sb be to blame (f

17、or sth.) （不能用被动）（不能用被动） 某人应某人应(为某事为某事)承担责任承担责任/受责备受责备, 埋怨某人埋怨某人blame sb. for (doing) sth.为某事责备某为某事责备某blame sth. on sb. 把把归咎于某人归咎于某人She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.=she blamed the failure of their marriage on him.运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。 我不责怪你，我责怪我自己。我不责怪你，我责怪我自己。I do not bla

18、me you，but I _. 那次事故怪不得孩子们。那次事故怪不得孩子们。The children were not_ the accident. The manager blamed him _ his carelessness at work.I feel it is your husband who is to be blamed for the spoiled child.（改错）（改错）blame myselfto blame for for12. link .to. 把把和和连接连接/联系起来联系起来这浅浅的海峡把大陆和台湾联系起来。这浅浅的海峡把大陆和台湾联系起来。The sh

19、allow strait_ the mainland. links Taiwan tobe linked to与与连在一起连在一起这条公路连接上海和北京。这条公路连接上海和北京。The highway_ connect _ combine_ unite_ join_to/withwithtowithResearchers have concluded a link between smoking and heart disease.n.13. announce v. 宣布；通告；预示宣布；通告；预示他突然宣布他将要离开了。他突然宣布他将要离开了。He suddenly announced th

20、at he was leaving. Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.预示预示announce sth. to sb.announce to sb. sth.eg:这则消息经由电视向大众宣布这则消息经由电视向大众宣布 The news was announced to the public on TVannouncement 通告，声明，宣布通告，声明，宣布14. instruct: vt 命令；指示；教导命令；指示；教导instruct sb to do sth: 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事instruct sb in sth: 给

21、某人讲授某事给某人讲授某事as instructed: 按照指示那样按照指示那样他命令我三天内完成这项任务。他命令我三天内完成这项任务。My job is to instruct her _ English.按照指示那样，我们收集了足够多的证据。按照指示那样，我们收集了足够多的证据。He instructed me to finish the task in three days.inWeve collected enough evidence as instructed._instruction_n. 指导；说明书指导；说明书(复数复数)15. contribute:捐献捐献; 贡献；捐助贡

22、献；捐助Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A reporter wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.contributeto:向向捐赠；给捐赠；给提供（忠告，建提供（忠告，建议）；投稿议）；投稿contribute to sth: 有助于；促进某事物；导致有助于；促进某事物；导致Many people contributed money to the poor b

23、oy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper. 许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报道并把它投到了报社。道并把它投到了报社。 contribution n. 贡献贡献 make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth. 对对作出贡献作出贡献

24、这些改革对于我国的经济发展做出了重大这些改革对于我国的经济发展做出了重大贡献。贡献。These reforms_ the development of the economy of our country. contributor n. 撰稿人；捐助人；促成物撰稿人；捐助人；促成物made a great contribution to运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。1. 他主动向红十字会捐款。他主动向红十字会捐款。He offered to _ the Red Cross. 2. 我相信新鲜的空气有助于健康。我相信新鲜的空气有助于健康。 Im sure fre

25、sh air_ good health3.他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。He_ the overall success of the project. contributes tocontribute tomade a very positive contribution to16. apart from 此外；除此外；除之外之外1.Traveling abroad took me a lot of time apart from money.到国外旅行到国外旅行除了除了花了我很多钱，花了我很多钱， 还花了我很多时间。还花了我很多时间。2.Ap

26、art from them, I had no one to talk with.除了除了他们，我没有可以谈话的人了。他们，我没有可以谈话的人了。=besides/as well as/ in addition to=except3.Apart from some spelling mistakes, your composition is a good one.除了除了一些拼写错误外，你的作文不错。一些拼写错误外，你的作文不错。=except for用法：用法：apart from系短语介词，含有两方系短语介词，含有两方面的意思面的意思:1.除除之外（还有）之外（还有）=besides/in

27、 addition to/as well as2.除除之外（没有）之外（没有）= except ，except (for)1._being intelligent, he is also modest.2. Who else can answer this question _ Jack?3. He gets up early every day _ Sunday.4. This movie is perfect,_ the ending.exceptbesides ；except ；except forBesidesbesidesexcept for17. be strict with sb

28、.(in sth.)(在某方面在某方面)对某人严格对某人严格要求要求运用：用适当的词填空。运用：用适当的词填空。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us and she demands that we should be strict _ our homework. My mother is strict _ her work and is also strict_me. with withinin18.make sense 有意义，讲得通；合理有意义，讲得通；合理(1)This sentence doesnt make any sense . 这个句子

29、完全讲不通。这个句子完全讲不通。(2)What you say does not make sense to me. 你说的话我弄不明白。你说的话我弄不明白。(3)It makes good sense that the students are asked to recite English texts.makes no sensemakes no sense to me要求学生背诵英语课文很有意义要求学生背诵英语课文很有意义。Can you make sense of this poem?make sense of 理解理解 ( 常用于疑问句或否定句）常用于疑问句或否定句）归纳总结归纳总结make sensemake sense of 理解理解.，明白，明白.make no