月全国自考《英语词汇学》试题和答案

1、全国 2012 年 4 月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试卷和答案课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around

2、us. Which of the following words is related to the natural phenomena?A. FatherB. FireC. EvilD. Old2. The differences between sound and form are due to the following EXCEPT.A. the fact of more phonemes than letters in EnglishB. stabilization of spelling by printingC. influence of the work of scribesD

3、. innovations made by linguists3. There arefunctional words in the following sentence: It is fun to playwith children.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 64. The surviving language fall into eight principal groups. Blato-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian and Albanian belong to theset.A. EasternB. SouthernC. WesternD. North

4、ern5. With the growth of, British tentacles began stretching out to every corner ofthe globe, thus enabling English to absorb words from all major language of the world.A. civilizationB. revolutionC. colonizationD. industrialization6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. English is more

5、closely related to German than FrenchB. Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.C. Old English vocabulary was in essence Germanic with a small quantity of words borrowed from latin and Scandinavian.D. Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but w

6、ith little change in word endings.7. The word “ recollection ” -c-o-m-p-r-is- emsorphem s(s)A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 48. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPTA. happierB. workerC. harderD. taller9. Which of the following words is a root?A. InternationalB. NationC. NationalD. Internationalists10

7、. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly onA. borrowingB. sematic changeC. word-formation D. reviving archaic words11. The word ” brainstorming ” ob-e-l-o-n-g-s-t-A. adjective compounds B. noun compoundsC. verb compoundsD. adverb compounds12. does not generally change the word

8、-class of the stem but only modifiesits meaning.A. PrefixationB. SuffixationC. AffixationD. Derivation13. A word is the combination of form and .A. spellingB. pronunciationC. meaningD. sound14. is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in thehuman mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC.

9、 SenseD. Motivation15. The meaning given in the dictionary and forming the core of word-meaning is.A. grammatical meaningB. lexical meaningC. conceptual meaningD. associative meaning10 / 916. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is calledA. derivationB. deteriorationC. purification D

10、. pejoration17. One of the interesting features about a language is that there are a great manymorethanin it.A. hyponyms homonymsB. homonyms .hyponymsC. synonyms antonyms D. antonyms synonyms18. Relative synonyms also called are similar or nearly the same indenotation, but embrace different degree o

11、f a given quality.A. close- synonyms B. respondent- synonymsC. near- synonymsD. dependent- synonyms19. Angel, martyr and paradise have their meaningbecause of the influence ofChristianity.A. elevated B. degradedC. narrowed D. extended20. Word- meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degrad

12、ation, elevation and A. sense B. referenceC. association D. transfer21. The well- known semanticist Ullmann notes, “ language is morethancivilization, material as well as moral.”A. creativeB conservativeC. radicalD. constructive22. Which of the following is NOT one of the types of context?A. Linguis

13、tic contextB. Non- linguistic contextC. Extra- linguistic context C. Intra- linguistic context23. Which of the following may NOT lead to ambiguity?A. Grammatical structure B. PolysemyC. AntonymyD. Hyponymy24. Which of the following is NOT true about linguistic context?A. It can be subdivided into gr

14、ammatical context and lexical contextB. It embraces the people, time and placeC. It refers to the words, clauses, sentence in which a word appearsD. It may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book25. The idiom ” live by one s pen” is a as far as figures of speech areconcerned.A. s

15、imileB. metaphorC. metonymy D. personification26. ” Cut and dried ” is a-n-i-d-ioinmnature.A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectival D. adverbial27. The change of idiom ” A round peg in the squarest of holes” from the original foris.A. dismembering B. position- shiftingC. additionD. shortening28. According t

16、o the textbook , the best-known unabridged dictionary is.A. The Word Book DictionaryB. The Encyclopedia AmericanaC. Webster s New World DictionaryD. Webster s Third New International Dictionary29. Which of the following dictionaries is NOT a bilingual dictionary?A Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionar

17、y of Current English with Chinese Translation.B. A New English- Chinese Dictionary.C. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs.D. A Chinese- English Dictionary(1995).30. Which of the following is true about an American Dictionary?A. It is always better than a British dictionary.B. It contains more encycl

18、opedic information in the main body.C. One can never expect to find British usages in it.D. It includes more grammatical information.11. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15 % )31. A world is aform of a language that has a given sound a

19、nd syntacticfunction.32. In the Middle English period, the Norman Conquest started a continual flowofWords into English.33. The basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity is a called a .34. The method of creation words by removing the supposed suffixes is ca

20、lled.35. Words such as “ vicious, tyrant, determined, famous, notorious” usually indicathe speaker atstitude towards the person or thing in question. They havemeaning in themselves.36. A word which is related to other words is related to them in.37. Car which used to be a - w“ hetewlocart drawn by h

21、orses and used in“ has taken on the meaning “ automobile ” with the development of modern car industry.38. In the sentence “ Copernicus believed in a heliocentric univtheersr eth, aran in the geocentric theory. “ , the word “ heliocentric “ is explain-e-d-b-y-t-h-e clue of structure.39. Due to struc

22、tural of idioms, the word order of the idiom“ by twos and threes ” cannot be turned into “ by threes and twos ” .40. Against the traditional practice of lexicography, creates an extra columnarranged alongside the definitions.111. Define the following terms. (15%)41. archaisms42. stem43. grammatical

23、meaning44. amelioration45. rhetoric characteristics of idiomsIV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )46. What are the three periods in view of the development of English vocabulary?47. What is the difference betw

24、een partial and full conversion? Explain them with examples.48. The word “ happy” has two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being negative and the other opposite. What are they?49. Can you determine the meanings of the following sentences? Explain and make some alterations in the con

25、text so as to pin down the meaning.(a) The fish is ready to eat.(b) I like Mary better than Jean.V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )50. Comment on the following groups of words to illustrate semantic features and grammatical features of compo

26、unds.Group 1 :” a green hand ” , “ flowerpot ”Group 2: “ -bamdouth” , “ -nbeowrns ”51. Analyze and comment on the following sentencesbased on the concept thatantonyms differ in semantic inclusion. A How tall is his sister? B How short is his sister?2012 年 4 月全国自考英语词汇学答案01-05： B D A A C06-10： D C B B

27、 C11-15： B A C B C16-20： D C C A D21-25： B D C B C26-30： C A D C C B34 back- formation 3540 CCELD31 minimal free 32 French 33 root affective36 sense 37 war 38 word 39 stability41 Archaisms are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.42 A

28、stem can be defined as a from to which affixes of any kind can be added.43 Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their i

29、nflectional forms.44 Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.45 Apart from the stylistic features, idioms manifest apparent rhetorical colouring in such respects as of phonetic manipulation, lexical manipulation and figure

30、s of speech.四46 The three periods of the development of English are 1) Old English, which is the language used between 450and 1150 and which has a vocabulary of 50000-60000 words。2) Middle English, which refers to the language spoken from 1150-150。0 3)Modern English, which is divided by early modern

31、 English(1500-1700) and late modern English (1700 up to now).47 When adjectives are concerted into the nouns, some are completely changed, thus known as full conversion, and other are partially changed, thus known as partial conversion. Adjective which are fully converted can achieve a full noun sta

32、tus, e.g. , having all the characteristics of nouns, that is , they can take ” a/an ”or “-s/-es” toindicate singular or plural forms: a native, a Republican, a pair of shoes, finals. Adjectives which are partially converted can still keep adjective features. They should always be used with ” the ” a

33、, nd they cannot take ”-s/-es” to show plural forms. Moreover, the words can have comparative or superlative degrees: the poorer, the poorer, the young, the very unfortunate.48 Of the two antonyms of the word “ happy ” , the negative one is “ unhappy opposite one is “ sad ”.49 Yes. On a grammatical

34、basis, both sentencecan have two interpretations. The first sentence may mean “ The fish is cooked or served, so ready for people to eat“ The fish is ready to eat things” . However, in the context of ” What a nice smell!fish is ready to eat “ , ” fish ” definitely means the former. To achieve clarit

35、y, we can say “ The fish is ready to be eaten ” . The second sentence can be regarded as an elliptical one, which gives rise to ambiguity: I like Ma” rry better than I like Jean ” or “ I likeMary better than Jean like Mary ” . To achieve clarity , we can either say“ I likebetter than Jean dose ” or

36、“ I like Mary beIttdero tJheaann ” or “ I like Mary better as Jean is untidy ” , etc.Compounds are different from free phrases in semantic unity. Every compound should express a single idea just as one word. For instance, a” green hand” is an” inexperienced person ” n,ot a hand that is green in colour. The meaning of such example cannot be easily inferred from the two components of the compound. Nevertheless, a lot of compounds are transparent, th