高中英语必修四 Unit10 Money-语法篇（学生版）

1、.Unit 10 Money 语法篇_1、不定代词。2、不定式。一， 不定代词1. some/any/nosome, any作“一些，某个讲，表示不确定的或未知的数量数目，可用在可数名词和不可数名词前。some通常用于肯定陈述句中，any用于否认句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。例：She picked some flowers from the garden.Do you have any money with you?some可用在表示邀请或恳求的句子中，表示希望对方给予肯定答复。例：May I ask you some questions?any用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个的。例：You ma

2、y come at any time.no=not a/not any，作定语，后跟可数名词或不可数名词。例：I have no choice.2. A lot of/lots of/plenty of/many/mucha lot of, lots of, plenty of意为“许多，大量的，可用于可数名词复数和不可数名词前。例：A lot of people say that they live for no purpose.You need to wear lots of warm clothes.There is plenty of time.many后跟可数名词复数，much后跟不

3、可数名词。例：He speaks some Chinese, but not much.How many people are there in the room?3. all/none; both/neither; eitherall指三个或三个以上的人或事物，both指两个人或物，在句中都可作主语，宾语，表语，同位语或定语。例：We are all students.All of us should work hard.both和all都可直接修饰名词。名词前有限定词时，其前只能用both of或all of。例：Both of brothers are clever.neither意为“

4、两者都不；none意为“没有人，一个也没有；either表示“两者之一或“两者中的任何一个，用于单数名词，of+宾格人称代词或带限定词的复数名词前，作主语，宾语或定语。例：Neither of us is a doctor.None of the books are helpful.Here are two brushes. Use either.4. Another/other/the other/the othersanother表示三者或三者以上中的另一个，意思是“再一，又一。一般接可数名词单数。例：Lucy, would you like another cake?other泛指“其他

5、的，另外的，可接复数名词；复数形式others表示“另一些，相当于other+名词。例：Do you have any other questions?Some are carrying water, others are watering the tree.the other指“两者中的另一个，常与one连用，构成onethe other构造；the others特制一定范围内的“其余的人或物。例：Mr. and Mrs. Shute have two children. One is a daughter, and the other is a son.I have got ten pen

6、cils. Two of them are red, the others are blue.二， 不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其构造为“to+动词原形，其中to是动词不定时的符号。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。不定式具有动词的特征，可和后面的名词等构成不定式短语；不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语，补足语，定语，状语。1. 不定式作主语：不定式作主语，表示特指的一次性动作。To say is one thing; to do is another.为了防止句子的头重脚轻，可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式短语放在句子的后部。It is n

7、ot easy to learn English well.2. 不定式作宾语：英语中agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等动词后需接不定式作宾语。The government decided to rebuild the damage bridge.decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember,

8、show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等动词后常接“疑问词+不定式作宾语。The driver wondered how to start the car in such a cold morning.3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语一般表示详细动作，特别是表示将来的动作。My wish is to join the army after graduation.假如主语是不定式，表示条件，表语也应用不定式，表示结果。To see is to believe.假如主语的中心词是aim, duty, hope, ide

9、a, happiness, job, plan, problem, wish等，或是以wish引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对其作补充说明。His job is to feed animals.4. 不定式作宾语补足语：英语中advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, forbid, get, order, permit, persuade, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn等动词后常接不定式作宾语补足语，且不定式符号to不能省略。She asked me to accompany her t

10、o the airport.不定式在动词let, make, feel, hear, see, observe等后作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to需省略。The accident made us realize that safety cant be ignored.动词help接动词不定式作宾语缺乏语时，不定式符号to可省略也可不省略。After the dinner he helped his mother to wash up the dishes.5. 不定式作定语：不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。主谓关系，被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。We nee

11、d some people to help pick apples.动宾关系，被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。I have many things to do.同位关系，不定式是对其所修饰的名词作解释说明。Weve made a plan to spend the weekend.6. 不定式作状语：不定式作状语，可表示动作的目的，结果，原因，条件和方式。to do, in order to do, so as to do都可表示目的，但to do, in order to do的位置既可在句首，又可在句末；而so as to do只能放在句末。I left home at seve

12、n so as to/in order to be there on time.表结果，不定式在以下构造中表示谓语动作的结果，不定时的动作一般在句子末尾。表示终结性的动词find, see, hear, learn, discover的不定式，常表示出乎意料的结果，并且不定式前常有never, only等副词修饰。He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.在“so + adj./adv. +as + to do中。

13、The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here every year.在“adj./adv. + enough + to do中。He ran fast enough to catch up with Li Lei.在“too + adj./adv. for sb. + to do中。Its too much for me to absorb all at once.表原因，不定式常在形容词afraid, glad, pleased, sad, worried, sorrow, surprised, excited等后面说明

14、主语的某种心情，情感所产生的原因。They are very glad to set foot on their homeland.例1. They dont come to the book club any more, for _ reasons for others.A. some B. allC. eitherD. both例 2. Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.A. othersB. the otherC. anotherD. one other例

15、3. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversation.A. using B. to useC. having usedD. used例4. The engine just wont start. Sometimes seems _ wrong with it.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone例5. 2019北京丰台高三一模The road _ next week leads to Highway 62.A. building B

16、. to buildC. to be builtD. built根底演练一，用some或any填空。1. When shall we go to look at the apartment?Make it _ day you like; its all the same to me.2. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer _ of them.3. Whats that? It smells great!Its milk tea. Would you like _?4. She gave _ of the meat t

17、o the cat.5. We did the job without _ difficulty.6. Drop in on me at _ time.7. If he had read _ of those books, he would have known the answer.稳固进步一，单项选择。1. He doesnt have _ furniture in his room just an old desk.A. anyB. manyC. someD. much2. The two girls are getting on very well and share _ with e

18、ach other.A. littleB. muchC. someD. none3. Its an either-or situation we can a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.A. othersB. eitherC. eachD. both4. Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much.A. eitherB. anyC. eachD. another5. John, when shall we mee

19、t again, Thursday of Friday?_. Ill be off to London then.A. eitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None6. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, because they havework to do.A. eitherB. anyC. neitherD. none7. You are a team star! Working with _ is really your cup of tea.A. b

20、othB. eitherC. othersD. the other8. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others一， 单项选择。1. Its important for the figures _ regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated2. Mary has

21、trouble in speaking, which makes it difficult _ her thoughts and feelings.A. expressB. expressingC. expressedD. to express3. He told me that his aim was _ a job around here to support himself while he studied in the university these days.A. to getB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lost4. Passenge

22、rs are permitted _ only one piece of hard luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried5. With so many problems _, Jack looks like a cat on a hot tin roof.A. solvedB. to solveC. solvingD. to be solved6. With so many things _, I have to work late into the night.A. to d

23、eal withB. dealt withC. dealing withD. being dealt with7. The ability _ an idea is as important as the ides itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed 8. With the world changing fast, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.A. dealB. dealtC. to dealD. dealing 9.

24、Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay10. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.A. to watchB. watchingC. watchedD. to have watched11. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane

25、high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found12. 2019北京大兴高三一模The topic _ at tomorrows meeting is very important to all of us, so everyone should be here on tome.A. discussingB. discussedC. to be discussedD. discuss13. 2019北京西城高三第一学期期末_ the travelling needs of passengers, Chin

26、a Railway Corporation has decided that people can book tickets 60 days in advance.A. MeetB. To meetC. MetD. Meeting14. 2019北京丰台高三第一学期期末People planted trees on the waste hills _ water and soil loss.A. to decreaseB. decreasingC. decreasedD. decrease15. 2019北京石景山高三第一学期期末Scotland voted against independe

27、nce; more than half of the people chose _ part of the United Kingdom.A. remainingB. remainedC. to have remainedD. to remain_一，完形填空。I set up a classroom library of books that I bought 1 my own money. The library looks beautiful, like a 2 . And my students 3 it very much.I read the children a story. I

28、t is about a girl who is 4 poor that she wears the 5 dress to school every day. But she says she has a hundred dress 6 . The other girls laugh at her until she goes away. 7 , her classmates discover she really has a hundred dresses a hundred beautiful drawings of dresses. Oh, God, every child 8 when

29、 I close the book. 9 a moment everything is quiet. Then a boy 10 in my ear, “I have to tell the class something. He shows me that he has half a finger 11 . I turn him towards the class and put my 12 on his shoulder. He is a bit 13 . “ I I only have nine and a half fingers. He 14 his hands. “ Please dont laugh at me about it. The students become 15 . Then one boy calls out, “ 16 who makes 17 of you, Ill kick them. “ Me , too , says 18 . When the boy sees the class 19 united 团结