学案：Unit1Friendship

1、Unit 1 Friendship看看吧单词 n. German, point, loose, reason, list, feeling, purpose, thunder, power, teenager, advice, situation, editor, habit, series, nature, v. add upset ignore calm concern share dare trust suffer communicate cheat adv. accordingly 短语 add up , calm down , have got to, be concerned ab

2、out, go through, a series of, on purpose , in order to , face to face , according to , get along with, fall in love , join in 句型 1. not until / till 2. should have done 3. It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who 4. happen to 5. It is / was the first time (that ) 6. have trouble with 7. could never have done

3、 功能 1 态度 2 同意和不同意 3 肯定程度语法 直接引语和间接引语 学学吧Section I warming up 要点解读 I Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分数加起来，看看得分有多少。add up = add together 加起来，合计 Add up these numbers and write down your answer. Cao Chong wrote down the weight of each stone and then _ all the weights.曹冲击下了每一块石头的重量，

4、然后合计了所有石头的重量。 add 构成的短语归纳：1 add to 加, 往. 添加 If you add 5 to 3, youll get 8. Would you like to add anything to what I have said.2 add to 增加，增添（其宾语多为困难、欢乐、麻烦等抽象名词） His illness added to the familys trouble.3 add up to 合计达，总共有 His whole income adds up to $ 10 000 a month. 即时操练：1. Please _ the numbers an

5、d Im sure they will _ more than 1000.2. The bad weather _ the difficulty of building the road.3. The soup tastes a little salty, please _ some water to it. A. take B. place C. add D. lay II but your friend cant go until he/ she finishes cleaning the bicycle.但你的朋友直到清洗完自行车才能走。 until prep. & conj.

6、一直到, 直到 才 1. 观察下列句子： I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. I stayed awake until half past eleven. I waved until her bus was out of sight. 归纳： until 用在肯定句中，其前的谓语动词为_ 动词，表示该动作一直持续到until 所引导的时间为止。 until 用在否定句中，其前的谓语动词为_ 动词, 译为“直到才” 2. until 还可用于强调句型“It is / was not until that ”中。It was

7、 not until you explained it to me that I understood the problem.直到你给我解释了，我才明白这个问题。3. not until 位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装语序。 Not until he tool off his sunglasses did I recognize him.牛刀小试：试用not until的四种结构完成下面一句话。 他直到午夜才回来(come back)。1. He _ until midnight. 2. He _ until midnight.3. It was _ that he came back. 4.

8、 Not until midnight _ back. III. His friend comes to school very upset. 他的朋友来到学校, 心烦意乱。 upset 为形容词，“心烦意乱的，不适的”，作伴随状语。 upset vt. 使不安, 使心烦, 打翻 He was very upset to hear that the holiday had been put off. He was upset that you didnt reply to his letters. The news quite upset him. He was upset by his so

9、ns accident. Be careful not to upset the glass.即时操练： 1. The news is _, and it makes him _. A. upset; upset B. upsetting; upset C. upsetting; upsetting D. upset; upsetting 2. It still _ him when he thinks about the accident. IV. Ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.别管铃声，找个安

10、静的地方去安慰一下你的朋友。 ignore 不理睬，忽视 She can be really angry but I try to ignore her. School rules are ignored by some students.calm down 平静/平静下来 She was angry at first but we calmed her down in the end. The sea calmed down after the storm.即时操练： 1. Dennis _ the warning and put his hand into the lions case.

11、2. She sat down and took a few deep breaths to _ herself down. 3. I smiled at her but she just _ me. A. noticed B. looked C. ignored D. caughtV. Youll tell your friend that you are concerned about him /her but you have to go to class. 你告诉你的朋友，你对他/她很关心，但是你得去上课。 be concerned about / for 关心, 挂念 He has

12、never been concerned about what other people think of him. Im a bit _ _ (担心)your health. be concerned 后面还可以跟that 从句或不定式to do. Arent you concerned (that ) she might tell someone? He was concerned to hear that two of his close workers were leaving.concern vt. 令担忧，与有关 The state of my fathers health con

13、cerns us greatly= Were greatly concerned about /for the state of my fathers health. It concerns me that he hasnt been well. = I _ that he hasnt been well. Matters of pollution and environment concern us all.= _matters of pollution and environment.be concerned with 与.有关 He was concerned with that mat

14、ter. = That matter concerned him.即时操练：1. You mustnt _ yourself about me. A. think B. concern C. mind D. care 2. The fact that he spends so much money on her own really _ us. A. is concerned about B. is concerned C. concerns D. concerns with 3. Dont worry. This matter doesnt _ you. A. upset B. ignore

15、 C. suffer D. concern4. Do you think he has something to do with the matter?= Do you think he _ _ _ the matter?VI. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗时，你很粗心，狗松开了，被车给撞了。 while walking the dog 是while you were walking the dog 的省略。 观察下列句子： While staying wit

16、h us, he gave us some good advice. If (it is ) necessary, well have a meeting. While (I was ) in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.He often makes mistakes when (he is ) speaking English. When asked what he was doing at 8 last night, he just didnt answer. 结论： 当when, while, until, if, unles

17、s 等连词引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语_，或从句的主谓部分为_动词时，从句的主语及谓语（be动词）可省略。 get loose 中，get 为系动词，后接形容词。 It is getting colder and colder. He gets really upset if you talks about his family. Is your cold getting any better? 即时操练：1. _ _(当睡觉时)， he likes to keep the window open.2. _ _(如果有可能)， I will go with you.改错：3. While

18、worked in the factory, he got along well with his workmates.4. When looking after, the baby never makes noises.VII You will tell him / her that he / she should have studied, so you dont let him / her look at your paper. should have done 表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没做”，含有责备的意味。 You should have come here yesterda

19、y. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I should have written it out for her. shouldnt have done 则意思相反，表示“本不应该做某事，而事实上做了”。 He shouldnt have gone without telling us. It was really rude. Im terribly sorry. I shouldnt have shouted at you.即时操练： 1 The teacher said to Tom: “You _(本该交上) your homework

20、yesterday.”2 _(你本不应该嘲笑他的)，although he didnt pass the test.Section II Pre-reading & Reading要点解读:I. Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you. 列举出朋友对你重要的原因。reason 理由、原因 We have no reason to believe him. These are our reasons for doing it. The reason why we were late is that our car d

21、idnt come. reason的用法归纳： 作理由、原因解时，常接：1）+ to do 2) + for 短语，表示“的理由/原因”3）the reason why + 从句+ is that +从句 表示 “的原因是因为”即时操练：1. _ some reason, he didnt attend the meeting but we dont know the reason _ his being absent (缺席).2. The reason _ he was late today was _ he didnt catch the first bus.II. Or are you

22、 afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or just cant understand what you are going through? 要么你担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，或不理解你所正在经历的。 go through 的用法： 1）= experience 经历，遭受。大多指痛苦的事情，这是它在文中的含义。 The country has gone through too many wars. He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿意为他的祖国赴汤蹈火。 2）look at

23、 carefully 仔细检查，审查 They went through our luggage at the customs. 在海关，他们仔细检查了我们的行李。 3）通过，穿过。其宾语常常是立体的东西。 Can the table go through the door? 这张桌子能过得了那扇门吗？ 4) finish sth. or complete sth. 完成或做完某事 How long will it take you to go through the book? 看完这本书得花费你多长时间？即时操练：1. After what hes _, the children are

24、more kind to him. A. looked through B. got through C. gone through D. let through 2. Remember to go _ the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 3. We were all happy when we heard that youd _(通过了考试).III. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do. 我

25、不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记录下一连串的事实。 1. set down 记下，记载，写下； 放下，搁下 The telephone number is set down in his notebook. Try to _what the teacher says. The taxi set us down a long way from our hotel, and we had to walk.2. a series of 一连串的，一系列的 There will be a series of football games next month. 下个月将有一连串的足球比赛。 a serie

26、s of meetings / exams / textbooks 一系列的会议/一连串的考试 / 一套教科书 two series of stamps 两套邮票 温馨提示 series 的单复数同形IV. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。本句主句为 I wonder if , if 引

27、导的宾语从句是强调句型，被强调的成分是原因状语从句。1 强调句型 强调句型的构成： It is / was + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其余部分 对此句的划线部分进行强调: I came across them in the club two days ago.It was I who came across them in the club two days ago.It was them that I came across in the club two days ago.It was in the club that I came across them two day

28、s ago.It was two days ago that I came across them in the club. 被强调部分也可以是从句。He went back to his hometown when the war was over. It was when the war was over that he went back to his hometown.牛刀小试：分别强调划线部分：We had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who had a meeting in t

29、he meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had a meeting yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had a meeting in the meeting room.温馨提示：1） 被强调部分是人时，可用that或 who, 其他一律用that。It was he who / that broke the window. I

30、t was during the night that the accident happened.2） 如果被强调的部分是原句的主语，that / who 之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与原主语一致。It was I who am wrong. It was he who has helped me. 把此句变为一般疑问句：It was in the club that I came across them two days ago. _ _ in the club _ you came across them two days ago?把此句变为特殊疑问句：It was in the club

31、 that I came across them two days ago. _ _ _ _ you came across them two days ago?总结： 如果原句是一般疑问句，强调结构用“_ _ + 被强调部分 + _ + 其余部分？” 如果原句是特殊以文具，强调结构用“_+ _ _ _ + 其余部分？ ” 再试一把：1）It was her sisters not she who _ to America three times.A. has been B. has gone C. have been D. have gone 2）It was a long time _ t

32、hat he graduated. A. since B. ago C. before D. / 2. everything to do with nature 与自然有关的一切 do with 与.有关 have / be to do with 与.有关, have something / a lot / nothing, etc. to do with 与. 有些 / 有许多 / 毫无关系There is nothing to do with me. Her job has / is to do with telephones. His job has nothing to do with

33、 telephones. His illness has a lot to do with smoking. 3. grow crazy about 变得对某事痴迷 grow 为系动词，同be, become, go, turnV. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得很清楚，有那么一段时间，蓝蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌声，月光和鲜花不可能使我着迷。 1

34、. I can well remember that 是主句，that 引导的是宾语从句，该宾语从句中， there was a time 是主句，when 引导的是定语从句，修饰time。 2. could not / never have done 表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。He cant have gone abroad, for I saw him this morning.They could never have been praised by the teacher. They were very naughty. 3 kept me spellbound 为keep +

35、宾语 + 宾语补足语（形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词）, keep 表示“使处于某状态/动作”。His words kept us excited all day long. His mother kept them in the room while she was working.即时操练：1. We are living in a time _ many things are done on the computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 2. Do you still remember the time _ we lived in

36、the country? A. which B. when C. where D. who 3. I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt 4. Dont keep the water _(run) while you brush your teeth.5. All the students are _ doing homework all the time. A. made B. asked C. kept D. fo

37、rcedVI. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。 I stayed awake 是主句，when it was so warm 是时间状语从句， awake 后的几个短语均作状语。 1. stay, turn, go, grow, come 可

38、做系动词。如：stay healthy / young, turn red, go bad, grow old, come true. 2. on purpose 故意，专门 He broke the windows on purpose. 3. in order to 为了，目的是。 可位于句首或句中。so as to 不能位于句首。 in order that 引导目的状语从句，不能位于句首。 In order to get up early, he went to bed early. in order to get up early. He went to bed early so a

39、s to get up early. in order that he could get up early.即时操练：1. He _ ill last week and stayed in bed _ he was well A. was; when B. had been; before C. fell; until D. became; although2. He took a good rest _ save energy for the game. A. so that B. in order that C. in order to D. on purpose3. The nurse

40、 looked after the patient carefully _ get well again soon.A. in order to B. so that he could C. so he could D. enough to 4. _ _ _ _ (为了通过) the test, he worked hard day and night. 5. 他是故意把杯子打碎的。He _ _ _ _ _. VII. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. 但是由于月光太亮，我不敢打开窗子。da

41、re 此处为行为动词，后面可跟(to) do, 其否定形式为don t / didnt dare . 其亦可做情态动词，后面接动词原形，其否定形式为darent。I didnt dare ask if his dog was any better. Everyone in the office says that he smells terrible, but nobody dares (to) tell him about it.Dare you tell him the news? = Do you dare (to) tell him the news?即时操练：1. I _ how m

42、uch its going to cost. A. darent to think B. dont dare think C. havent dared think D. dare not thinking 2. I will certainly be surprised if he _ to tell them what he know.A. dare B. will dare C. dared D. dares3. Ive got _ work to do on a _ cold day.A. much too, much too B. too much, too much C. too

43、much, much too D. much too, too much4. The sports shoes are _ for me. A. too a little small B. a little small too C. too small a little D. a little too small VIII. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. = Another time some months ago, it happene

44、d that I was upstairs one evening when the window was open. happen 碰巧When I went to visit him, he happened to be going out. = When I went to visit him, _ _ _ he was going out.He happened to have been abroad. = It happened that he _ _ _.归纳：happen 作“碰巧”解时，常见结构为： happen to do / be doing / have done som

45、ething It (so) happens (happened) that IX. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face. 漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是一年半以来我第一次目睹夜晚。 第一个分句的主语较长，四个名词做并列主语，hold 意为“抓住、控制”1. It i

46、s / was the first time (that) have / had 是固定句式，it 可换成this 或that ,first 也可换成second, third 等序数词, that 后的从句时态必须用现在完成时或过去完成时。It is the first time that I have seen such a big watermelon.That was the second time that I _ _ to Europe.(那是我第二次去欧洲)2face to face 面对面地，为名词短语，在句中作状语。类似的短语还有：hand in hand 手挽手, arm

47、in arm 臂挽臂, shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩 She stood face to face with him.face-to-face 则是复合形容词，在句中作定语，意为“面对面的”。 We must have a face-to-face struggle against the enemy.即时操练：1. We have never met her _. Weve only talked on the phone.A. face to face B. hand in hand C. voice to voice D. back to back2. It is t

48、he first time that Chinese villagers _ a DV camera.(take up)Section III Learning about language & using languageI. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. suffer vt. “遭受，蒙受，受到”，其宾语一般是loss（损失）, pain （痛苦）, punishment（惩罚）, defeat（失败）等。 She suffered the loss of her stude

49、nts respect. 他失去了学生对他的尊重。 During the war they suffered many hardships. 他们在战争期间吃了许多苦头。 vi. “受苦，受损失，受折磨”， She suffers terribly in the winter when its cold. I think he suffers quite a lot when his wife left him.suffer from “患 病, 受苦”She has been suffering from cancer for two yearsII. Ive got tired of lo

50、oking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.我讨厌通过肮脏的窗帘和积满灰尘的窗户观看外面的自然景色。 get / be tired of 对.厌烦 get tired of侧重厌烦的动作， be tired of 侧重厌烦的状态。 The boy is tired of the tiring speech.III. Im having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. 现在我与同学之间出了点麻烦。在have trouble with 或have trouble (i

51、n) doing sth.中，trouble是不可数名词 Weve never had much trouble with traffic around here. I have some trouble (in) reading his handwriting.IV. Im getting along well with a boy in my class. 我和我班的一个男孩相处得很好。 get along /on with 进展(如何)；与某人相处。 其后可用well, nicely, badly 等修饰语。 Im getting along well with my study at

52、school. - How are you getting along with your news classmates? - Very well.V. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.他们说这个男孩已和我相爱了。 fall in love with sb. 为非延续性动词短语，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。be in love with sb. 属于状态动词短语，动作可以延续。fall in love with sb. = begin to be in love with sb. They fell in love with each other at first sight, and they have been in love with each other ever since.VI. Join in peoples discussion. 参加人们的讨论。 join sb. / the