新世纪大学英语综合教程4答案u1~u4

1、新世纪大学英语综合教程4答案U1Cloze:Man has a blood tie with nature and nobody can live outside nature. Nature provides us with everything we need: the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. For quite a long time after man began to live in the realm _ of nature, he lived in fear of its destructi

2、ve forces. He used to regard nature with its elemental forces as something hostile to him. And even the forest was something wild and frightening to him. Very often, he was unable to obtain the merest daily necessities though he worked together with others stubbornly and collectively with his imperf

3、ect tools. Through his interaction with nature, man changed it gradually. He cut down forest, cultivated land, transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals. He subdued and disci

4、plined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society. Nonetheless, with the constant expansion) of agriculture and industry, man has robbed nature too much of its irreplaceable resources, polluted his own living environment and caused about 95% of the species that have existed over

5、the past 600 million years to become extinct and still many others to be endangered. The previous dynamic balance between man and nature is on the verge of breaking down. Man is now faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate the destructive effect of technology on nature.-The cri

6、sis of the ecological situation has become a global problem. The solution to the problem depends on rational and wise organization both of production itself and care for Mother Nature. This can only be done by all humanity, rather than by individuals, enterprises or separate countries Translation：1、

7、这个村子离边境很近，村民们一直担心会受到敌人的攻击The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2、这个国家仅用了20年的时间就发展成了一个先进的工业强国In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power. 3、这个公司已经发展成为这个地区主要的化工生产基地之一This company has evolved into

8、one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region. 4、鉴于目前的金融形势，美元进一步贬值是不可避免的Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued. 5、政府号召市民就控制水污染问题献计献策，但相应却不强烈The government's call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produ

9、ced very little response from the citizens. 6、天气没有出现好转的迹象，所以政府号召我们做好防洪的准备The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods. 7、科学家曾一度认为没有比原子更小的东西了，但现在大多数人都知道原子是由更小的粒子构成的At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom b

10、ut now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles. 8、这些同学对世界杯十分关注，每天至少花两个小时看比赛的现场直播The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV. 9、因为得不到贷款，无法按时开业，这家百货商店损失惨重The department store lost out beca

11、use loans were very hard to come by and it could not start business on time. 10、我们不能到那里散步，因为那里有一个海军基地，禁止游客进入We can't go there for a walk because there is a navy base there, which is off limits to tourists. Writing：My Understanding of Environmental Protection Man and the environment are closely r

12、elated. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth. However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man's transformation

13、 of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage

14、 of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct. We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industr

15、ial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.U2Cloze:Technology is a "hot" issue nowadays. The defenders of technology stress its advantages while the opponents emphasize) its

16、 disadvantages. Neither side has ever taken the time to look at the opposite point of view.The defenders of technology hold that with technology, people's living conditions have been greatly improved. For example, the boom in productivity has made goods better and cheaper. Therefore, things that

17、 were once luxuries, such as jet travel and long-distance phone calls, have become necessities. Medical technology, in particular, has benefited us a lot, especially in prolonging life expectancy.On the other hand, the opponents of technology argue that technology makes life obviously worse. Telemar

18、keting, traffic jams, and identity theft are all phenomena that make people consciously) unhappy. In addition, many people believe technology disrupts relationships and fractures community.Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relationship between happiness and technology has been an eternal sub

19、ject for social critics and philosophers, though economists and social scientists have seldom touched on the topic. However, in 1974 the economist Richard Easterlin did groundbreaking work on the relationship between prosperity and well-being. In his famous paper entitled "Does Economic Growth

20、Improve the Human Lot?", Easterlin showed that there was no real correlation between a nation's income level and its citizens' happiness in the developed countries. In fact, technology is neither good nor bad. It depends on what we want to do with it. Therefore, the responsibility belon

21、gs exclusively to humans who have to acquire a social conscience, to respect human beings, nature and its balances.Translation：1、他的确懂得很多理论，但是，一碰到实际工作就显得非常无知He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant. 2、最新调查表明，大多数市民支持政府再建一个新图书馆的计划The latest sur

22、vey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government's plan to build a new library. 3、这两个国家之所以能够成功的达成科学技术合作协定是因为有利于他们进行合作的好几种因素一直在发挥作用The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favora

23、ble to their cooperation had been at work. 4、我在上小学的时候就看过那部电影，可就是一时想不起它的名字来I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won't come to mind for the moment. 5、尽管他每天平均工作12个小时，他仍然陷于重重债务之中He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.

24、6、有必要知道他的身高吗？在我看来，这与他能否成为一个好的律师没有关系Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is irrelevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not. 7、橱柜被安装到墙里，既节约空间，使用起来又方便The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use. 8、这些工人挣得钱比我们多，可话又说回来，他们的工作也危险的多These workers ear

25、n more than we do, but the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous. 9、海伦在大学理学的是经济学，与此同时她吧哲学作为第二专业来学习Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major. 10、重要的是你们要自己发现问题和解决问题，我是否到现场去无关紧要what is most important is that you must

26、 find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.Writing：The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People's Lives Among the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most. The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It

27、 not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive ma

28、il, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures. Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to suppor

29、t mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems. Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I

30、believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better.U3Cloze:According to Craig Russell, when we make an initial effort in our personal quests for knowledge, we may not even know that a certain field of learning exists. Bu

31、t, after we have done some reading, we will get to know more about the topic (1). At the same time, we may feel that all the reading creates (2) more questions rather than answers them. We then realize how little we really (3) know and how much more we need to read and think and write. Russell sugge

32、sts that we write after reading each time. His experience tells him that it is his writing that has led him to acquire a better grasp _(4) of the topic he studies. People may think that only those who know and who are sure (5) of themselves write. For Russell, however, it's just the opposite (6)

33、, for writing doesn't close things off it opens things up. To say that the more we know, the more we know we don't know seems contradictory (7). According to Russell, modern physics tells us that reality _(8) itself is contradictory. The more closely scientists look into our physical _(9) re

34、ality, the more it slips away from them. In a way, the more they learn, the less they know. Craig Russell believes that a proper understanding will inevitably lead us away from the force and rigidity (10) of dogmatism and toward the flexibility and freedom of the individual (11). Therefore, we must

35、temper our pride in knowing with the humility (12) of not knowing. The truth always exists there, but, it is like the rainbow (13) because we can never really grasp it, never hold it in our hands and truly know it. We can only, as William James said, "live today by what truth we can get today a

36、nd be ready to call it falsehood (14) tomorrow". Translation：1、大多数人都坚信法庭一定会严惩那些银行抢劫犯Most people strongly believe that the court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely. 2、在为治疗这种疾病而进行的长期探索中，医疗工作者克服了一个又一个困难The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest f

37、or a cure for the disease. 3、根据所获得的情报，警察封锁了街道并且抓获了抢劫银行的罪犯Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers. 4、听说这家刚建成的电视机厂第一年就能生产50万台电视机，我们都感到惊讶We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first yea

38、r. 5、政府正在调查这么多人下岗的原因，并设法帮助下岗工人再就业The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed. 6、为了扩大产品的销售，这家公司采取多种措施，开扩市场，改进服务To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to impr

39、ove its services. 7、他的学习荒废到如此程度，要在一个月赶上别的同学恐怕是不可能的He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month. 8、那家烟花爆竹厂由于未能遵守政府的安全条例上个月关门了The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government

40、 safety regulations. 9、我们的足球队能否战胜对手，还要等到比赛结束后才知道It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponent. 10、史密斯先生预言，新近发现的石油储藏再加上新技术的利用，会让原油的价格降下来Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude

41、 oil.Writing：Barriers to Knowledge Transfer Knowledge transfer is a human phenomenon and plays a very important role in the process of human evolution. With the knowledge accumulated over generations, human beings can now build and transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources. However,

42、 there are many barriers to knowledge transfer. For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge. People are less likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they don't trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with. Cultural and la

43、nguage barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups. It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effectively, not to mention exchanging knowledge. An underdeveloped economy is

44、 another barrier to knowledge transfer. The lack of socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor communications infrastructure, can greatly hinder the flow of knowledge within and between nations. To remove these barriers, people should change their attitude towards knowledge

45、 transfer and the learning of foreign languages and cultures. At the same time, efforts should be made to develop a better world economy.U4Cloze:Most people have work to do. With work, they can enjoy (1) their lives. However, people who did physical (2) labor were looked down upon in the past. Many

46、people were compelled _(3) to take manual labor because it was an absolute necessity (4) for them to earn a living and to support (5) their families. By contrast, people who did mental (6) work were highly respected. Under the influence of this idea, even today some people still idealize (7) their f

47、uture when making choices for their career. What they care most about is whether the job can give them enough social status (8) rather than whether they can realize their values (9) in it. In their eyes, those who do manual labor should still be classified (10) as inferior in social status. In fact,

48、 there is no essential (11) difference between those who work with their hands and those who work with their mind (12). Whether a job is labor or work does not depend on the job itself but on people's attitude (13) towards it. As long as you like your job, you will think you are fortunate (14) e

49、nough to take it and you will do it enthusiastically.Translation：1、随着她个人生活的细节越来越多地被媒体披露出来，她不得不辞去公司总经理的职务As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign her post as general manager2、她对自己的新工作很满意，因为这份工作正好与她的兴趣相符She is very satisfied with her new job

50、 as it coincides with her interests.3、我买了这件衬衣，因为它的价格从300元减到了80元。I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan. 4、为了把孩子们抚养成人，这位母亲真是经历了各种磨难。To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.5、警方在老太太的死亡案中已经排除了他杀的可能性。The police have ruled out mu

51、rder in the case of the old lady's death.6、市政府承诺将尽快采取有效措施，解决空气污染的问题。The municipality promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.7、因为腿部受伤，我没有参加上个月学校举行的网球锦标赛I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg. 8、要是能得到大多数女生支持的话，你赢得选举成为学生会主席的机会是很大的。