北师版选修7Unit20Period3Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughs

1、Period Three Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughsi .单词自测1. procedure n .步骤；程序2. donate vt. 捐赠；赠送3. correspond vi. 通信；符合4. meanwhile adv.同时5. split vi. 分离，分开6. premier adj. 最重要的；n.总理7. outspoken adj. 直言的，坦率的8. outcome n . 后果，结果9. cure vt.治愈10. wrestle vi. 努力解决；摔跤；搏斗11. patent n .专禾 1n.短语自测1. range fromt

2、o在某范围 内变化2. replacewith.用代替3. figure out 计算出4. be_thought to_be_被认为是5. turn to_sb.向某人求助6. wrestle with sth.努力解决难以处理的事物7. be_dedicated to_献身于； 专注于8. by mistake错误地；由于差错9. be grateful for 感谢，对心存感谢10. experiment with试验,试用baby whenlawyer ,1 . In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was rocking hi

3、s one year old he was suddenly inspired.1905年的夏天，这位直率的年轻人正摇着他一岁大的孩子，这时他突然产生了灵感。2 . Einstein had already become world famous when a young ex 一 returning from the First World War , started work in California.从一战中转战回来，曾经担任过律师的年轻人在加利福尼亚开始工作时，爱因斯坦已经举世闻名了。3 . He double checked and saw a blue mould in the

4、dish around which the bacteriahad beendestroyed.他仔细检查了一下，看到碟子里有一种蓝色的霉斑，其周围的细菌都被消灭了。4 . Thereis_no_doubt about it.此事毋庸置疑。课文阅读理解I .Fast reading1. What's the main idea of Paragraph 1?To_mention the scientific breakthroughs in the_20th_century./To mention the mostjmport ant_discoveries of the 20th_c

5、entury.2. List five pioneers in the discoveries according to the text. Albert Einstein Edwin_Hubble Alexander Fleming Eckert Mauchly3. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?It is difficult to choose the most important discovery of the 20th century , but the pionee

6、rs are easy to choose.Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to _ single out a few pioneers of the 20th century.4. Translate the following sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whet

7、her lucky orplanned , the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.没有这些先驱者们在科技方面的重大突破，不管是靠运气还是有计划地进展，我们今天所了解的这个 世界将会是完全不同的样子。n .Careful reading1. Why would people have a real dilemma , if they had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century?A. Beca

8、use different people have different ideas and it's difficult to choose.B. Because there were no great discoveries in the 20th century.C. Because there was no common standard to judge.D. Because so many amazing discoveries were madein medicine , communications , transport and many other fields ,

9、and they all had a great influence on the world.答案 D2,2. How did Einstein think of the equationE=mc ?A. When he was at work.B. His assistant helped him.C. When he was rocking his one year old baby , he was inspired.D. His dream inspired him.答案 C3. Whose discovery can be used to save people's liv

10、es according to the text?A. Alexander Fleming's.B. Edwin Hubble's.C. Albert Einstein's.D. Eckert and Mauchly's答案 A4. What's the original purpose of designing the first computer?A. To do some difficult experiments.B. To improve the accuracy of the missiles.C. To help people make m

11、athematics calculations.D. To replace the missiles , becoming a new weapon.答案 B1. Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseased organs with donated ones.人们在显微镜下看至 U 了致病的原因，掌握了用捐献的器官来替换染病器官的外科手术程序，诸如此类都是医学取得的进步。归纳拓展(1)donat

12、e vt. 捐赠；赠送donate sth.to sb.向某人捐赠某物donate sth.to do sth.为了做某事而捐赠某物(2)donation n .捐款，赠送，捐赠make a donation to 向捐赠Last year Mr.Wilson donated one million dollars to cancer research.去年威尔逊先生捐了 一百万美元来支持癌症研究。(2)We want to make a donation to the Hope Project, so we are organizing a charity show.我们想为希望工程捐款，所

13、以我们正在组织一次慈善演出。即时跟踪单句语法填空He asked for a donation (donate) but went away empty handed.完成句子(2)He donated large amounts of money to the university.他给这所大学捐献了一大笔钱。(3)Many people and companies donate to charity for this earthquake.许多人和公司因为这次地震向慈善机构捐款。2. .the way we correspond went from writing letters to e

14、mailing.我们通信的方式由过去的书信发展为电子邮件。归纳拓展correspond vi. 通信；相类似；相应；一致；符合correspond with sb.与某人通信correspond with/to 与一致；符合correspond to 类似于，相当于If we correspond regularly we shan't lose/be out of touch for years.若我们常通信，这几年就不会失去联系。(2)We've corresponded with each other by email for years but I've nev

15、er actually met him.我们通过电子邮件通信多年了，可是我从未见过他本人。(3)What he did doesn't correspond with/to what he said.他做的和他说的不相符。即时跟踪介词填空The translation does not quite correspond to the original.(2)I assure you what I do will correspond with what I say.完成句子(3)She stopped corresponding with_him after the death of

16、her mother.她母亲去世后她不再与他通信。(4)These goods don't correspond with my order form.这些货物与我的订单不符。3. We started flying around the world and meanwhile, scientists figured out how to split the atom , previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.我们开始在世界各地飞行，同时，科学家们发现了怎样分离原子，而原子以前被

17、认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。归纳拓展meanwhile( = meantime) adv. 同时；n.期间in the meanwhile/meantime在此期间(1)The next programme will begin in five minutes; meanwhile let's listen to some music.下一个节目五分钟后开始，在此期间让我们听点音乐吧。(2)I had to wait an extra hour , so I wrote letters in the meantime.我必须再等一小时，所以在此期间我写了一些信。即时跟踪单句语法填空Ji

18、m went to answer the phone.Meanwhile, Harry started to prepare lunch.翻译句子(2)妈妈正在打扫房间，与此同时，爸爸正在做饭。Mother was cleaning the room.Meanwhile/In the meanwhilefather_was cooking.4. During the Second World War , when Fleming's discovery was first helping to cure peoplethe US Navy was looking for ways of

19、 improving the accuracy of their missiles.在二战期间, 当弗莱明的发明首度被用来治病时，美国海军正在寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。归纳拓展cure vt.& n .治愈cure sb.(of sth.)治愈某人(某病)；改正某人不良行为a cure for. 的一种治疗法According to a medical specialist, the only way to cure backache is to rest.据一位医学专家说，治愈背痛的唯一方法是休息。(2)She tried every means to cure her child

20、of the bad habit.她想尽一切办法试图改掉她孩子的这个恶习。(3)To my satisfaction , this medicine cured me of my cold.让我感到满意的是，这种药治好了我的感冒。(4)There is no known cure for the illness, but it can be treated.这种病没有治愈方法，但可以医治。易混辨析cure/treat(1)cure治疗，治愈，强调治疗的结果；cure sb.of治愈某人的病。(2)treat 治疗，医治，为日常用语，强调治疗的过程； treat sb.for给某人看病。即时跟踪

21、单句语法填空Many cancer victims can be cured(cure) if the disease is detected early enough.用cure或treat的正确形式填空(2)The doctor treated his headache with a new drug but didn't cure him. (3)They treat everything I say as some kind of joke.(4)Parents must try to cure their children of bad habits.翻译句子(5)这种药可治

22、好你的牙痛。This medicine can cure you of_your toothache.5. We started flying around the world and meanwhile, scientists figured out how to splitthe atom , previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.我们开始在世界各地飞行，同时，科学家们发现了怎样分离原子，而原子以前被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。归纳拓展figure out 想出，算出；理解，弄明白；

23、解决；断定figure in把考虑在内figure on计划；打算；预料到figure sb.to be料想某人是Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.实际上，我们需要经常注意我们的行为，时刻明白我们是谁。(2)Don't figure on the weather being fine for your garden party.别指望天气会为你们举办游园会而变得好起来.(3)The bill you paid doesn't figure in the tip you

24、 have to give to the waiter.你支付的账单并没有包括你必须给服务员的小费。即时跟踪写出下列句子中figure out的汉语意思(1)I can't figure out why he quit his job.理解，弄明白(2)Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost?皿(3)Can you figure out the truth of the news? 断定翻译句子(4)汤姆没用多长时间就明白了形势。It did not take Tom long to figure out the situ

25、ation.(5)手术的花费需要精确地算出。The_cost of_the operation will_need_to be_figured out precisely.6. The navy turned to Eckert, an engineer , and Mauchly , a physicist , to wrestle with theproblem and produce a machine to do the job.海军部队向工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利求助，希望能够解决这个难题，并研制一种可以做这项工作的机器。归纳拓展turn to(to为介词，后跟名词或 v. - i

26、ng)转向；翻到；求助于；变成turn down(音量等)调低；拒绝turn in 上交turn out证明是，结果是turn over 翻转；移交turn up 开大音量；出席，到场(1)He is the only person who I can turn to for advice.他是唯一一个我可以寻求建议的人。(2)She turned down the job offer because she wanted more money.她拒绝了那份工作，因为她想要更高的工资。(3)I'm sure things will turn out all right in the e

27、nd.我确信最终一切都会好的。即时跟踪介、副词填空We had a good many anxious worries but everything turned out all right in the end.(2)After he graduated from Beijing University, he became a teacher , but later he turned totranslation.完成句子(3)We should turn our thoughts to practical matters. 我们应把思想转向实际问题。(4)The pop singer tu

28、rned to figure in soap operas.那位流行歌星转向屏幕，在肥皂剧中扮演角色。7. In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was rocking his one year old baby when he was suddenly inspired.1905 年的夏天，这位直率的年轻人正摇着他一岁大的孩子，这时他突然产生 了灵感。归纳拓展本句用了 " was/were doingwhen”结构，其中when为并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。when作并列连词时还常用于下列句式中：be about to

29、do.when正要这时 /be on the point of doingwhen那时突然had hardly donewhen刚刚这时 /had just donewhen那时突然He was going to run away when the police came.他正准备逃跑，这时警察来了。(2)I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang.我刚做完试卷铃就响了。即时跟踪单句语法填空She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practise

30、 playing the piano yesterday.(2)I was wandering in the street when a beggar stopped me for some money.完成句子(3)We were about to start when it beganto rain.我们刚要出发，这时天开始下雨了。(4)We hadjust_fallen asleep when the bell rang.我们刚刚入睡，突然铃声响了起来。(5)I was doing my homework when the light went out.我正在做作业，灯突然灭了。8. T

31、here is_no_doubt about it.此事毋庸置疑。归纳拓展(1)There is no doubt 意为"毫无疑问"，后接 that从句或about +名词结构。There is doubt 为”值得怀疑“，后接 whether引导的从句或about +名词结构。(2)doubt v . & n .怀疑;疑问。作动词时，其用法如下：在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。作名词时，其用法如下：用于肯定句时，一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。用于否定句、疑问

32、句时，一般接 that引导的宾语从句。There is no doubt that cellphones and the Internet are the most important means of communication.毫无疑问，手机和互联网是最重要的信息交流工具。(2)I have little doubt that the coup will succeed.这次突然行动将取得成功，对此我毫不怀疑。(3)There is some doubt whether she will come on time.她是否能准时来有点让人怀疑。即时跟踪用 whether , that 或 a

33、bout 填空There is no doubt that he will win the match.(2)There is some doubt whether he can help you.(3)I have some doubt about her timely arrival.完成句子(4) There is no doubt about his success in his study.他的研究会成功是毫无疑问的。(5)There is little doubt that our experiment will succeed.几乎不用怀疑，我们的实验会成功的。1 .单词拼写1.

34、 When I left the hospital I was completely cured（治愈）.2. Local people lined up to donate （ 捐献）blood for the brave young man.3. We've corresponded （ 通信）for years but I've never actually met him.4. We are anxiously awaiting the outcome （ 结果）of the negotiation.5. The doctor will see you again ne

35、xt week.Meanwhile/Meantime （与此同时 ）,you must rest asmuch as possible.n.选词填空not to mention , in a dilemma , figure out , turn to , in the meanwhile1. In_the meanwhile , we build a good public image among this field.2. We can't afford a car , not to_mention the fact that we have no garage.3. We kno

36、w who we can depend on in our lives and turn_to them when we need help.4. Then figure out one practical solution you can take for each of those pieces.5. She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.m.完成句子1. She is willing to donate money to a noble cause.她愿为高尚的事业捐款。2. Your account of

37、 events does not correspond with hers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。3. Thereis_no_doubt that we did the right thing.毫无疑问，我们做得对。4. We've never been able to figure her out. 我们一直没能看透她。5. We were_swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.我们正在湖里游泳突然暴风雨下起来了。I .语境填词A)用所提供单词的正确形式填空1. . After the earthquake

38、happened in Yushu , the people there soon received all sorts of donations(donate) from other parts of the country.2. He spent all the day wrestling (wrestle) with the demanding problem.3. They are of different ages , ranging (range) from 15 to 65.4. She is_dedicated(dedicate) to her job every day.5.

39、 He said that he was cured(cure) with this medicine.B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)6. In our class there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses.7. I was walking down a dark street one evening when I heard screams coming from behind the bushes.8. One can always turn to music for comfort.9. His expenses do not

40、 correspond to his income.10. I don't doubt that he can finish the task on time.n.课文语法填空PIONEERS OF SCIENCEIf you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century , you would have a real dilemma on your hands.It is possible 11.to single (single) out a few pioneers of the 20t

41、h century.One of the 20th century's premier scientists 12.was (be) Albert Einstein.In the summer of 1905 , this outspoken young man was rocking his one year old baby 13.when he was suddenly inspired. "E= m(2" was born.14. Using (use) the most high powered telescope of the time , Edwin

42、Hubble discovered small areas of mist which were in fact galaxies like our own.Alexander Fleming saw a blue mould in the dish around 15.which the bacteria had been destroyed.This blue mouldwas in fact the natural form of penicillin.During the Second World War, the US Navy was lookingfor ways of 16.i

43、mproving (improve) the accuracy of their missiles.The navy turned to Eckert,an 17.engineer (engineering) , and Mauchly, a physicist , to wrestle with the problem and produce 18.a_machine which was the world's first computer to do the job.Without the breakthroughs ofthese pioneers , the world 19.

44、as_ we know it today 20.would have been (be) a completely different place.出.阅读理解Paper plane powerGive your paperairplanes an energy increase.The motorized propeller and rudder(方向舵)of the PowerUp 3.0 fits onto your folded flier and is controlled with a smartphone app.Just fire up the app and use the

45、on screen controls to start the propeller.Then throw the plane and watch it fly away.You can change the flight path by holding your smartphone in different positions.The app detects the phone's angle and gets the rudder to change the plane's direction.The PowerUp 3.0 runs for about 10 minute

46、s on a single charge.With the PowerUp 3.0 powering your planes , the fun will really take off.Showerhead speakerEnjoy singing in the shower? Now you can belt out tunes to music coming straightfrom above.The Moxie showerhead contains a waterproof （防水的）speaker that connects wirelessly to your smartpho

47、ne.First pull up your playlist on your mobile phone, which will send a signalto the speaker to play the music.Then turn on the water and enjoy a song filled shower.（Justmake sure to leave your mobile phone someplace dry ! ） Want to continue your singing time after turning off the shower ? Just pull

48、out the speaker from the showerhead and take your music on tour.Easy cyclingTalk about standing up for yourself.Usually it's up to the rider of a unicycle to keep itsteady so that it doesn't fall over.But the SBU V3 an engine powered unicycle stays balanced all by itself.Jump on the unicycle

49、's seat and place your feet on the footrests oneither side of the wheel.When you lean （倾斜）forward , built in sensors （ 传感器）signal themotor to speed up.Leaning back makes it slow down or stop.If you lean too far in any one direction , the unicycle will sense too much movement and adjust itself to

50、 keep you upright.This hands一free ride has got our back!【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了三项神奇的发明。21. How can you change your paper plane's direction with the PowerUp 3.0?A. By touching it gently.B. By pressing a remote control.C. By touching your smartphone's screen.D. By changing your smartphone's d

51、irection.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由 Paper plane power 部分中的 You can change the flight path by holding your smartphone in different positions可知，你可以通过倾斜手机的方向来改变纸飞机的飞行路径。22. What do we know about the Moxie showerhead?A. It has a removable speaker.B. It has an automatic playlist.C. It works only in dry places.D. It

52、can send wireless signals.答案 A解析 细节理解题。由 Showerhead speaker 部分中的 The Moxie showerhead contains a waterproof speaker 和 Just pull out the speaker from the showerhead可知，Moxie 淋浴喷头装有一个可拆卸的音响。23. What is said about the SBU V3?A. It travels at low speed.B. It s a self balancing unicycle.C. The rider leans

53、 forward to slow it down.D. The rider has to pedal hard to get it moving.答案 B解析 细节理解题。由 Easy cycling 部分中的 stays balanced all by itself 和 If you lean too far in any one direction , the unicycle will sense too much movement and adjust itself to keep youupright可知，SBU V3是一种可以自我平衡的独轮车。W.完形填空My daughter h

54、ad signed an organ donor card , but my husband and I did not know it.We learnedabout our daughter's decision after she was _24_ injured in a car crash.Doctors _25_ on her _for 20 hours and couldn't save her life.Finally , the doctor 26 told us our daughter was braindead.Did we want to _27_ o

55、rgan donation?I was already in shock.The _28_ ofdonating my daughter's organs was another shock andI was _29_ about my 15 year old twin grandsons.They had just lost their mother and we hadlost our daughter.The doctor _30_ the organ harvesting procedure, but I did not want to hearit.We 31_ to org

56、an donation and signed the legal papers.The twins said their last goodbye to their mother and the images of their sorrow are _32_ in my mind until now.Two days later we received a _33 from the organ donor organization.Our daughter's organs had _34_ three_lives.Thanks to her generosity , two stra

57、ngers now see.Weeks later , we received a certificate from the organ donor organization in _35_ of our_daughter.The twins received individual certificates and hardly 36 at them.I fully understood their _37_.They did not want any certificates, they wanted their mother _38_ and we wantedour daughter.The sadness associated with organ d