8A第三单元知识梳理

1、牛津英语8A Unit3 A day out部分知识梳理【词组归纳】1. a day out 外出一天2. climb the hill / mountain 爬山3. need to exercise 需要锻炼4. keep fit / healthy 保持健康5. take a boat trip 乘船进行一次旅行6. take care of = look after 照顾7. by the river  在河边8. the president of the USA 美国总统9. the

2、White House 白宫10. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 一个带有一个大花园和许多树的漂亮的建筑物11. Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院12. join in their school trip to 参加他们学校的旅行去。13. join in 参加（活动）14. the World Park 世界公园15. at the beginning 在开始 = at first    at the beginning

3、 of 在。的开始16. in the end 在末尾 = at last   at the end of 在。的末尾17. at the school gate 在学校大门口18. get on 上车19. get off 下车20. feel sick 感到恶心21. a lot of / much / lots of traffic 交通拥挤22. arrive at / in = get to = reach 到达23. be made of 由。制成（看出材料）24. be

4、made from 由。制成（看不出材料）25. notany more / longer 不再26. in front of 在前面   27. in the front of 在前部28. over = more than 超过，多于29. places of interest 名胜古迹30. all over the world 遍及全世界31. song and dance parade 歌舞游行32. on the Internet 在英特网上33. teach onesel

5、f to do / how to do 自学34. make a home page 制作主页35. for everyone to look at 给每个人看36. for oneself = by oneself = oneself 亲自37. feel better 感觉好点了38. look like 看上去像 = be like 像39. the Palace Museum 故宫40. the Summer Palace 颐和园41. Tiananmen Square 天安门广场42. take

6、 / have a look at 看一看。43. in the past 在过去44. drink special Beijing tea 喝特殊的北京茶45. enjoy wonderful Beijing opera 欣赏精彩的北京京剧46. the red maple leaves 红色枫叶47. walk slowly around the lake 沿着湖慢慢的散步48. feel the beauty of the old park 感受老公园的美49. ride a bike /bicycle 骑车50.&#

7、160;railway station 火车站51. the center of Beijing 北京市中心52. learn /know more about 了解更多关于。53. on Daniels home page 在Daniel的主页上54. show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 给某人看某物55. the busy traffic 繁忙的交通56. at Christmas 在圣诞57. go horse riding 去骑马58. take photos of 为。拍照5

8、9. hurt oneself 伤了自己60. help oneself to 随便吃点。61. play hide-and-seek 玩捉迷藏62. pull oneself up on the rocks 奋力向上爬63. keep ones secrets to oneself 暗自保守秘密64. in this years final 在今年的决赛中65. the trip to watch the final 观看决赛的旅途66. go to the final 打进决赛67. take pla

9、ce 举行；发生 = happen68. cheer for our team 为我们的队喝彩69. bus fare 车费70. with your support 有了你的支持71. receive the cup and medals 接受奖杯和奖牌72. receive ones letter = hear from sb. 收到某人来信73. the Great Wall 长城74. 467,000square metres  467,000 平方公里75. in the world

10、在世界上76. go boating 去划船77. go shopping 去购物78. write down = put down 写下，记下79. find out 弄清楚，弄明白80. make a plan 制定一个计划81. work out 算出82. plan a day out 计划外出一天83. change to the bus 改乘公共汽车84. all the way 一路85. make it a really fun day 使它成为真正有趣的一天86. a

11、s soon as possible 尽快87. as as possible = as as sb. can 尽可能。88. win the basketball final 赢了篮球决赛89. stay (at) home 呆在家里90. pack my bags 收拾 / 整理 / 打包我的包91. play badly at first 首先打的很糟92. in the second half 在后半场93. go climbing on rocks 去爬岩石94. thank you / thanks f

12、or doing 感谢某人做某事95. come on 来吧，快点96. coffee shop 咖啡馆，小吃部97. shuttle bus 短程公共汽车 【知识分析】1. be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。e.g. Were going to buy a new TV tomorrow. He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday.2. exercise 意为“锻炼、训练、练习” （1）做动词：You dont ex

13、ercise enough. (2) 做名词：作“练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词 e.g. If you want to improve your English,you must do more exercises. They do morning exercises every morning.3. need 意为“需要”，可作实义动词和情态动词（1）实义动词：need + 名词/动词不定式 e.g. I need much more money. Youre too fat, you need to exercise. need + v.ing形式时表示被动意义 e.g. The flo

14、wers need watering. Your clothes need washing.(2) need 做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语； 在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前；疑问句中, 则在主语之前。 多用在否定句或疑问句中； 无人称和数的变化； 否定式构成是在后面加 "not"。 e.g. You need not attend the meeting tomorrow. You didn't need to tell

15、60;him the news; it just made him sad. needn't + have + 过去分词 表示“过去做了没必要做的事情。 ”  You needn't have taken it seriously.  这件事情你不必太认真。4. come on 的用法（1）用来请求、激励、劝说时，意为“来吧”，如： Come on, Lucy. Dont

16、 be so shy. Come on, you can do it .(2) 用来催促别人快走/做时，意为“快点”，如：Come on, its getting dark.Come on, Mr Wang is waiting.(3) 用来表示责备和不耐烦，意为“得了吧，行了，够了”，如： Come on, dont sit there dreaming.(4) 用于体育竞赛等场合激励队友时，意为“加油”，如： Come on, Come on,！（5）用于挑战或激怒对方时，意为“来吧，试试吧，好吧”，如： Come on, Im not afraid of you.5. enjoy one

17、sflf 意为“玩的开心”，相当于have a good/great/wonderful time 或者have fun.onesflf是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他/它/她们自己；itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己 e.g. They enjoyed themselves during the holiday.拓展：enjoy sth./doing sth.,相当于like e.g. My little sister enjoys reading pic

18、ture books. 6. take a boat trip 意为“乘船旅行”。常用词组take a bus/taxi/plane to someplace tour指的是在各处作短暂停留的长距离旅行。trip(休闲或公事等的)短途旅行travel到远方去或长期旅行journey较正式的用语；通常指有预定地点的长途旅行。 7. take care 意为“保重”或者“小心” e.g. Take care not to hurt yourself. 拓展：take care of = look after 8. invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事” e.g. I i

19、nvited him to join our club. Invite sb. to sp. 意为“邀请某人去某地” e.g. Amy invited me to her birthday party.9. join 意为“加入、参加”，表示加入某个组织、党派或社会团体从而成为其成员。 e.g. join the pioneer 加入少先队 join the army 参军 join in 也是“加入、参加”，多指参加比赛或活动 e.g. Why didnt you join in the talk last night?10. beginning 意为“开始、开端、起点”。 from beg

20、inning to end 自始至终 at the beginning = at first “起初，开始”，反义词组为at the end at the beginning of在的初期 e.g. at the beginning of April 四月初11. feel sick 意为“感到恶心”。sick adj. 有病的；想呕吐的，作呕的 sickly adv. 多病的sickness n. 疾病 sickroom n. 病房 sicken v. 使患病e.g. She is taking care of her sick father. 她在照顾她病着的父亲。 Many people

21、 were sick during the voyage. 航行中很多人想吐。a sick boy 一个生病的男孩 a sickly boy 一个多病的男孩 be sick of厌烦e.g. I am sick of this weather. 我厌烦这种天气。 拓展：ill与sick都有“生病的”意思，但ill只能作表语，不能作定语；sick既能作表语，也 能作定语。 12. arrive at 意为“到达”，arrive at +小地点（如村、镇、车站等） arrive in 也是“到达”，arrive in +大地点（如国家、大城市等） 拓展：arrive,get和reach都有“到达”

22、的意思，arrive和get都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here, there, home之类表地点的副词作状语。e.g. We got/ arrived here last night. 要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in或者at；而get其后需接介词to， e.g. When we got to the park, it began to rain.reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reach Nanjing 到南京。Reach之后也可接here,there,home等词。 13. be made of 意为“由制成”

23、，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。e.g. The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木头制成。 be made from 也是“由制成”的意思,强调从成品中看不出原材料。 e.g. Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。 拓展：be made in “由制造”，强调产地 e.g. This kind of machine is made in China. be made by “被（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁 e.g. This ship is made by the workers.14. notany more 意为“不再”用于短暂性动词，强

24、调动作上的“不再（存在或发生）” notany longer “不再”用于延续性动词，强调时间上的“不再（存在或发生）” e.g. I wont talk to him any more.表示一时生气，虽然嘴上说不再理他了，但也许过几天就会好的 I wont talk to him any longer. 表示真的再也不理了，绝交了。15. “Its +adj. +动词不定式”句型，意为“做某事是” e.g. It's boring to stay at home. 呆在家很无聊。 此句中代词it只作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。所以此句可改成： To stay at hom

25、e is boring.16. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多少时间去做某事”，这里的it作形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth. e.g. It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day.17. and, but, or and是并列连词，用来连接两个词性相同的词、短语或句子，表示并列或附加关系。 e.g. He can speak English and Chinese. She likes singing and dancing. 注意：如果and连接的两个句子的主语相同

26、，and后就不必再重复该主语。 如果and连接的两个句子的主语和谓语相同，and后就不必再重复主语和谓语。 but为并列连词，意思是“但是、然而、却”，用来连接两个有对立或对照性关系的的词、短语或句子，表示一种转折关系。 e.g. I like Hunan Road,but only for shopping. or是并列连词，意思是“或者、还是”，表示一种选择关系。当or连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与or后面的主语保持一致。 e.g. The twins or Lily is going to tell us a story. or当“否则、要不然”讲时，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反

27、假设。 e.g. Hurry up, or youll be late.18. 动词不定式-在英语中，有些动词后可以跟不定式，即“to + 动词原形”，在句中作宾语。常用这种结构的动词有：agree/choose/decide/hope/plan/prepare/want等。19. 反身代词。当主语和谓语是同一个人时，我们使用反身代词。 （1）反身代词做同位语，用于强调 e.g. The manager himself served the customers. （主语同位语）The manager served the customers himself. （主语同位语） I told th

28、em I wanted to see the manager himself. (2) 反身代词作介词宾语 e.g. She finnshed the job by herself. (3) 反身代词作动词宾语，有些动词与反身代词成固定搭配，翻译时“自己”多不译出。 enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help oneself 自便、自取 behave oneself 有礼貌、规矩20. take place 意为“举行、发生”。多指举行活动 e.g The school sports meeting will take place tomorrow. happen 多指无计划，偶然发生的事。happen to sb./sth.“遭遇”指不好的事发生在某人、某物上 e.g. What happened to you? A car accident happened to him yesterday. 拓展：take ones place或