高考英语语法名词性从句之主语从句

1、.课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一那么名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,老师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多那么名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取出来,使文章增色添辉。宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的老师称谓皆称之为“教谕

2、。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习。到清末，学堂兴起，各科老师仍沿用“教习一称。其实“教谕在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者那么谓“教授和“学正。“教授“学正和“教谕的副手一律称“训导。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校或“学中传授经学者也称为“经师。在一些特定的讲学场合，比方书院、皇室，也称老师为“院长、西席、讲席等。单靠“死记还不行,还得“活用,姑且称之为“先死后活吧。让学生把一周看到或听到的新颖事记下来,摒弃那些假话套话空话,写出自己的真情实感,篇幅可长可短,并要求运用积累的成语、名言警句等,定期检查点评,选择优秀篇目在班

3、里朗读或展出。这样,即稳固了所学的材料,又锻炼了学生的写作才能,同时还培养了学生的观察才能、思维才能等等,到达“一石多鸟的效果。高考英语语法名词性从句之主语从句 #：一观察一：观察以下句子，判断是那一类的名词性从句，并指出该名词性从句的引导词。1 Who he is doesnt concern me.2 What he said is unbelievable.3 Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.4 When we will hold the sports meet is still unknown.5 How he

4、got in touch with Tom is not clear.6 That light travels faster than sound is known to us all.7 Whether she likes the present is not clear to me.以上句子为主语从句，引导词有who, what, where ,when ,why ,how ,whether ,that, whatever, whoever, however.第6句改编. It is known to us all that light travels faster than sound.

5、第7句改编. it is not clear to me Whether/if she likes the present. 此时whether和if均可。Whether和if 引导主语从句有什么区别？引导主语从句表是否只能用whether，转换为it做形式主语时候whether和if都可以。What 和that 引导主语从句有什么区别？what引导主语从句，what在主语从句中做成份，如句子2，that在主语从句中不做成份，如句子6但是此时that也不能省略。例如：That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.例如1.What y

6、ou need is more practice .例如2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.Whoever breaks the law should be published .Whatever was said here must be kept secret .此类引导词引导的从句也是_ 主语从句_从句，意思中包含有:_无论._主语从句范例1 the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案When解析考察名词性从句。句意为：延误了的航班何时起飞主

7、要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，用when。2It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slaves in the ancient world.答案what解析考察宾语从句。从句“ life was like for slaves in the ancient world中缺宾语，且从句在及物动词imagine后作宾语，应选择连接代词what。3 impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.答案what解析考察名词性从句。句意为： 关于他的绘画给

8、我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。包含一个缺少主语的主语从句，故用what。4.Its good to know the dogs will be well cared for while were away.答案that解析考察主语从句。分析句子构造可知，it作形式主语，后面从句完好，用that引导。5. one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.答案Whichever解析句意为：你们中无论哪一个打破了窗户都要负责赔偿。此处指从“you这一范围中作出选择，故填whichever无论哪一个。6. It doesnt matter you

9、 turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.答案whether解析考察连词。分析句子构造可知，it为形式主语，所以所填连词在句中引导主语从句；根据题干中关键信息词or可知填whether。7. team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever  D. Whichever答案D 考点考察主语从句。 解析由句式构造可知此空白处

10、应选择连词引导主语从句, 且在主语从句中作team的定语使用, 选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能, 且从数个的队中选择一个, 应选whichever。8. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What  B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever答案：A 考点考察主语从句。解析what引导主语从句, 并作从句的主语, what=the thing that。9. matters most in learning English is

11、 enough practice.A.What  B. Why C. Where D. Which答案A 考点考察主语从句。 解析此题考察主语从句, 且从句中缺少主语。10. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. That B. Which  C. What  D.As答案C 考点此题考察名词性从句的选用。解析分析句子构造可知, 此处主语从句缺少动词say and do的宾语, 故用what。11. worries me the way he keeps changing hi

12、s mind.A. This B. That C. What  D. It答案D 考点考察主语从句。 解析it在句中代指所发生的事情, the way在句中作方式状语, 同时又作了先行词, 其后为定语从句, 省略了引导词that或in which。12. is known to us all is that the 2019 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. It  B. What  C.As D. Which答案B 考点考察主语从句。解析分析题干构造 “ is known to us all是主语从句, 从句

13、中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。假如选it, 需去掉all后的is;假如选as;需去掉is that。13. was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. It B. This  C. What  D.As答案C 考点主语从句。 解析what引导主语从句, 同时又在从句中充当主语。14. . Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.A. That B.

14、 Why  C. Where  D. How【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿承受这一事实。分析句子构造可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。【考点定位】名词性从句【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet的插入，句子构造变得稍显复杂，因此要求考生可以排除构造干扰，看清考点还是考察名词性从句连接词的选择，然后根据“从句部分缺什么补什么的原那么选那么连接词这一根本原那么，同时结合句

15、意，迅速锁定正确答案。15. _we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. Where  B. How  C. Why D. When【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。应选B。【考点定位】主语从句。【名师点睛】主语从句分多种，解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别，尤其是连词在从句中的功能，由于引导主语从句的连词功能有所分别，较为容易抉择，但有的连词的形式一样，

16、但具有不同意思，这就需要考生仔细甄别，充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。观察与考虑：that与what 引导名词性从句的用法有什么不同？1. What you need is more practice .2. That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.3. What impressed me most was that he was always patient with children.1that和what都可以引导名词性从句。2what是连接代词，引导名词性从句，在从句中有 实在意义，做/ 成分, 不能省。3that是连

17、接词，在从句中有/无实在意义，仅起连接作用， 不做成分,；引导宾语从句时能/ 省略，但引导多个宾语从句时，只有第 一个that 可以省略。在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时that一般 不能省略。感悟疑点：1. After Yang succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.A where  B what  C that D how2. They lost their way in the forest, and _ made matters wors

18、e was that night began to fall.A. that B it  C what  D which3. _ no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.A. What B How C When  D That4. made the school proud was 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.A. What; because  B What; that  C That; what D That;

19、 because5. Word has _some American guests will come for a visit.A. what came B. that  C. whether D. when6. He told us _ his father had died and _ he had to live alone.A that, /  B /, that  C what,/ D / , what 二主语从句一、概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾

20、语从句。 二.主语从句主要有三类：1 由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。2 用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义是否,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：Whether she is c

21、oming or not doesnt matter too much.她来不来都无关紧要。3 用连接代词引导的主语从句在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的训练。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我们无论做什么都是为

22、人民效劳。4用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。eg: Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasnt been made pubic. 他们什么时候来还不知道。三.注意点:1.it 做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末尤其是当谓语较短时。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。=It is known to all that light travels

23、 in straight lines.众所周知光沿直线传播。When the plane is to take off has not been announced .飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。当what引导的主语从句表示“的东西时，一般不用it作形式主语。错:It is a book what he wants.对:What he wants is a book. 他想要的是本书。例如：Has it been settled who will be sen

24、t to carry out the task ?谁将被派去执行这项任务决定了吗 ？固定用法和译法1 It is +名词+从句It is a fact that 事实是It is good news that 是好消息It is a question that 是个问题It is common knowledge that 是常识类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。It is common know

25、ledge that the whale is not a fish.鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这缺乏为奇。2 It is +形容词+从句It is necessary that 有必要It is clear that 很清楚It is likely that 很可能It is important that 重要的是类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; qu

26、ite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.很明显导体和绝缘体在工业中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能来令人疑心。It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you .

27、他回绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。It is essential that he should be here by the weekend .周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.很明显我们不能这样下去了。3 It is +过去分词+从句It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证明It must be proved that 必须指出类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; beli

28、eved; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.大家都认为他是最好的选手。It is estimated that the vase is 2019 years old.据估计这个花瓶有2019年的历史。It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision betw

29、een two stars. 过去一直认为新星是由于两颗星星之间碰撞产生的。It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.还没弄清楚这条路将开场通车。It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。It happened that I saw him yesterday.碰巧我昨天看见他了。当“及物动词 + 宾语较短时，也可用这种构造。例如：It shocked

30、me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪里。It does not interest me whether you go or not.我对你去不去不感兴趣。2.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.选择题：1. _ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A. The estimate &

31、#160;              B. The estimate    C. They are estimated           D. It is estimated that2. _ so

32、me mammals came to live in the sea is not known.   A. Which       B. Since        C. Although      D. How 

33、;3. _ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.   A. Whoever     B. Whatever     C. However      D. That

34、 4. _ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.   A. For the reason that he is        B. Just because he is  &#

35、160; C. The reason of being           D. That he is 5. Although _ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it co

36、uld occur els ewhere in the world.   A. which        B. what       C. how           D. it6. _ she

37、60;had forgotten to take her notebook.   A. That occurred to her           B. She occurred that     C. To her that occurred&#

38、160;          D. It occurred to her that7. I am sure that _ she said is wrong.   A. which        B. all  

39、       C. this            D. what8. We lost our way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that it was ge

40、tting dark.  A. that           B. which      C. it              D. what9. _ some mammals c

41、ame to live in the sea is not known.  A. Which         B. Since      C. Although        D. How 10. _ 

42、;or not is still uncertain.  A. Hes coming                 B. If he is coming     C. That coming    

43、             D. Whether hes coming11. Its _ hell be able to come.  A. doubt whether  B. doubtful     C. doubt it

44、60;        D. doubtful whether 12. _ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dicks life is tied

45、 to machines.  A. Whether       B. Till              C. If            D. Unless13. _ 

46、he saw both surprised and frightened him.  A. That          B. When            C. What        &

47、#160;D. Which14. _ is a spell of warm sunshine.  A. What do we all need.          B. What all we need    C. What we need

48、                D. What we all need15. _ is a pity that he should feel so upset.   A. What      

49、0;  B. That              C. He           D. It16. _ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure