数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器

1、题目一：哈夫曼编码与译码一、任务设计一个利用哈夫曼算法的编码和译码系统，重复地显示并处理以下项目，直到选择退出为止。要求：1) 将权值数据存放在数据文件(文件名为data.txt，位于执行程序的当前目录中) ；2) 初始化：键盘输入字符集统计字符权值、自定义26个字符和26个权值、统计文件中一篇英文文章中26个字母，建立哈夫曼树；3) 编码：利用建好的哈夫曼树生成哈夫曼编码；4) 输出编码（首先实现屏幕输出，然后实现文件输出）；5） 译码（键盘接收编码进行译码、文件读入编码进行译码）；6) 界面优化设计。二、流程图主菜单1.建立字符权值2.建立

2、并输出哈夫曼树3.建立并查看哈弗曼编码4.编码与译码0.退出系统1.从键盘输入字符集统计权值2.从文件读入字符集统计权值3.自定义字符及权值0.返回上级菜单输出哈夫曼树并保存至文件“哈夫曼树。txt”输出哈夫曼编码并保存至文件“哈夫曼编码。txt1.编码2.译码0.返回上级菜单1.从键盘输入字符集进行编码2.从文件读入字符集进行编码1.从键盘输入编码进行译码2.从文件读入编码进行译码0.返回上级菜单0.返回上级菜单三、代码分解/头文件#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include &

3、lt;conio.h>#define N 1000#define M 2*N-1#define MAXcode 6000/函数声明void count(CHar &ch,HTNode ht);void editHCode(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,CHar &ch,int n,char bianma); /编码函数void printyima(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,int n,char bianma); /译码函数void creatHT(HTNode ht,int n);void CreateHCode (HTNode ht,HCode

4、hcd,int n);void DispHCode(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,int n);void input_key(CHar &ch);void input_file(CHar &ch);void input_cw(HTNode ht);void bianma1(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,CHar &ch,int n,char bianma);void bianma2(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,CHar &ch,int n,char bianma);void yima1(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,in

5、t n,char bianma);void yima2(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,int n,char bianma);void creat_cw();void bianmacaidan();void yimacaidan();void bianmayima();int caidan(); /结构体typedef structchar data;int parent;int weight;int lchild;int rchild;HTNode;typedef structchar cdN;int start;HCode;typedef structchar sN;int num

6、;CHar;CHar ch;HTNode htM;HCode hcdN;/主函数int main()int xh;while(1)system("color 1f"); /操作菜单背景颜色xh=caidan(); /调用菜单函数 switch(xh) /switch语句case 1:system("cls");creat_cw();break;case 2:system("cls");creatHT(ht,n);break;case 3:system("cls");CreateHCode(ht,hcd,n);Dis

7、pHCode(ht,hcd,n);break;case 4:system("cls");bianmayima();break;case 0:system("cls");printf("nnnnnnnnntttt感谢使用本系统!nnnnnnn ttt");exit(0);default:system("cls");putchar('a'); printf("ntt输入有误，请重新输入:n");break;return 0;/菜单函数int caidan() /菜单函数模块/ int

8、 xh; printf("nnn"); printf("tt 欢迎使用哈夫曼编码译码系统 n"); printf("tt n"); printf("tt*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*n"); printf("tt*= =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*= =*n"); printf("tt*= 1.建立字符权值 =*n"); printf("

9、;tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*= =*n"); printf("tt*= 2.建立并输出哈夫曼树 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*= =*n"); printf("tt*= 3.生成并查看哈夫曼编码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*= =*n"); printf("tt*= 4.编码与译码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=

10、*=*=*=*=*= =*n"); printf("tt*= 0.退出系统 =*n"); printf("tt*= =*n"); printf("tt*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*n"); printf("ntt请输入序号进行选择:"); scanf("%d", &xh); return xh; /返回从键盘接收的选项void bianmayima() int xh; while(1) printf("nnn

11、nn"); printf("tt 编码与译码 n"); printf("tt n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 1.编码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 2.译码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*

12、=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 0.返回上级菜单 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("ntt请输入序号进行选择:"); scanf("%d",&xh); switch(xh) /switch语句case 1:system("cls");bianmacaidan();break;case 2:system("cls");yimacaidan();

13、break;case 0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('a'); printf("ntt输入有误，请重新输入:n");break; void yimacaidan() int xh; while(1) printf("nnnnn"); printf("tt 译码 n"); printf("tt n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

14、*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 1.键盘输入编码进行译码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 2.文件读入编码进行译码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 0.返回上级菜单 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*

15、=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("ntt请输入序号进行选择:"); scanf("%d",&xh); switch(xh) /switch语句case 1:system("cls");yima1(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;case 2:system("cls");yima2(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;case 0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");p

16、utchar('a'); printf("ntt输入有误，请重新输入:n");break; void bianmacaidan() int xh; while(1) printf("nnnnn"); printf("tt 编码 n"); printf("tt n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 1.键盘输入字符集编码 =*n"); printf("tt

17、*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 2.文件读入文章编码 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 0.返回上级菜单 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("ntt请输入序号进行选择:"); scanf("%d"

18、,&xh); switch(xh) /switch语句case 1:system("cls");bianma1(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;case 2:system("cls");bianma2(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;case 0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('a'); printf("ntt输入有误，请重新输入:n");break; void

19、 creat_cw() int xh2; while(1) printf("nnnnn"); printf("tt 建立字符权值 n"); printf("tt n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 1.从键盘输入字符集进行统计 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 2

20、.从文件读入字符集统计 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 3.自定义字符权值 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("tt*= 0.返回上级菜单 =*n"); printf("tt*= *=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=* =*n"); printf("ntt请

21、输入序号进行选择:"); scanf("%d",&xh2); switch(xh2) /switch语句case 1:system("cls");input_key(ch);break;case 2:system("cls");input_file(ch);break;case 3:system("cls");input_cw(ht);break;case 0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putcha

22、r('a'); printf("ntt输入有误，请重新输入:n");break; /建立字符权值模块void input_key(CHar &ch)int i,j=0;char stN;printf("请输入字符集（以#结束）:n");for(i=0;i<N;i+)scanf("%c",&sti); if(sti='#') sti='0'break; strcpy(ch.s,st);ch.num=strlen(st);count(ch,ht);printf(&quo

23、t;按任意键返回!");getch();system("cls");return;void input_file(CHar &ch)int i;FILE*fp;char filename20;printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt):");scanf("%s",&filename);if(fp=fopen(filename,"r")=NULL)printf("ntt文件打开失败!");return;for(i=0;!feof(fp);i+)fread(&

24、;ch.si,sizeof(char),1,fp); ch.num=strlen(ch.s);printf("读入成功!n");printf("文件中的字符集为:%sn",ch.s);fclose(fp);count(ch,ht);printf("按任意键返回!");getch();system("cls");return;void input_cw(HTNode ht)int i,w,s,j;char a;printf("要输入的字符总个数是？:");scanf("%d",

25、&s);n=s;printf("请输入字符及其权值:n");for(i=0;i<s;i+)printf("请输入第%d个字母:",i+1);scanf("%s",&a);hti.data=a;printf("请输入其权值:");scanf("%d",&w);hti.weight=w;FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen("data.txt","w")=0)printf("ntt文件打开失败!");ret

26、urn;printf("n定义权值成功!nn");printf("各字符及其权值为:nn");fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为:n");printf(" 字符t权值");fprintf(fp," 字符t权值");for(j=0;j<i;j+)printf("n"); fprintf(fp,"n");printf(" %-8c%-8d",htj.data,htj.weight);fprintf(fp," %-8c%

27、-8d%",htj.data,htj.weight);printf("n");printf("n字符权值已输出至文件“data.txt”！");fclose(fp);printf("输入完成，按任意键返回！");getch();system("cls");return;/统计字符权值函数void count(CHar &ch,HTNode ht)int i,j,m=0;char cN;int sumN=0;for(i=0;ch.si!='0'i+)for(j=0;j<m;j+

28、)if(ch.si=cj|(cj>='a'&&cj<='z'&&ch.si+32=cj) break;if(j<m)sumj+;elseif(ch.si>='A'&&ch.si<='Z')cj=ch.si+32;else cj=ch.si;sumj+;m+;for(i=0;i<m;i+)hti.data=ci;hti.weight=sumi;n=m;FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen("data.txt","w&

29、quot;)=0)printf("ntt文件打开失败!");return;printf("n统计权值成功!nn");printf("各字符及其权值为:nn");fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为:n");printf(" 字符t权值");fprintf(fp," 字符t权值");for(j=0;j<m;j+)printf("n"); fprintf(fp,"n");printf(" %-8c%-8d",h

30、tj.data,htj.weight);fprintf(fp," %-8c%-8d%",htj.data,htj.weight);printf("n");printf("n字符权值已输出至文件“data.txt”！");fclose(fp);/构造哈夫曼树void creatHT(HTNode ht,int n)FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen("哈夫曼树.txt","w")=0)printf("ntt文件打开失败!");return;int i,j,k,lnode,

31、rnode; int min1,min2; for (i=0;i<2*n-1;i+) hti.parent=hti.lchild=hti.rchild=-1; for (i=n;i<2*n-1;i+)min1=min2=32767; lnode=rnode=-1; for(k=0;k<=i-1;k+) if(htk.parent=-1)if (htk.weight<min1)min2=min1;rnode=lnode; min1=htk.weight;lnode=k;else if(htk.weight<min2) min2=htk.weight;rnode=k;

32、htlnode.parent=i;htrnode.parent=i;hti.weight=htlnode.weight+htrnode.weight;hti.lchild=lnode;hti.rchild=rnode;printf("建立huffman树成功!n");printf("输出huffman树:n");fprintf(fp,"输出huffman树:n");printf("t字符t权值t父节点t 左子节点t右子节点");fprintf(fp,"t字符t权值t父节点t 左子节点t右子节点"

33、);for(j=1;j<i;j+)printf("n"); fprintf(fp,"n");printf("t %-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",htj.data,htj.weight,htj.parent,hti.lchild,htj.rchild);fprintf(fp,"t %-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",htj.data,htj.weight,htj.parent,hti.lchild,htj.rchild);printf("n");printf(

34、"哈夫曼树已输出至文件“哈夫曼树.txt”！按任意键返回!");fclose(fp);getch();system("cls");return;/生成哈夫曼编码void CreateHCode (HTNode ht,HCode hcd,int n)int i,f,c,j=0; HCode hc;for(i=0;i<n;i+) hc.start=n;c=i; hc.cdhc.start-='0' f=hti.parent;while(f!=-1) if (htf.lchild=c) hc.cdhc.start-='0'

35、else hc.cdhc.start-='1' c=f;f=htf.parent; hc.start+; for(j=0;j<hc.start;j+) hc.cdj=' ' hcdi=hc;void DispHCode(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,int n) FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen("哈夫曼编码.txt","w")=0)printf("ntt文件打开失败!");return;int i,k; int sum=0,m=0,j; printf("输出字符哈夫曼

36、编码:n");fputs("输出字符哈夫曼编码:n",fp); for (i=0;i<n;i+)j=0; printf("%c:t",hti.data);fprintf(fp,"n%c:t",hti.data); for (k=hcdi.start;k<=n;k+) printf("%c",hcdi.cdk); j+; fprintf(fp,"%c",hcdi.cdk);m+=hti.weight; sum+=hti.weight*j; printf("n&quo

37、t;); printf("n哈夫曼编码已保存至文件“哈夫曼编码.txt!按任意键返回！”");fclose(fp); getch(); system("cls");/编码函数void bianma1(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,CHar &ch,int n,char bianma)int i;char strN; printf("请输入要编码的字符集（以#结束）:n");for(i=0;i<N;i+)scanf("%c",&stri); if(stri='#') stri='0'break;strcpy(ch.s,str);ch.num=strlen(str);editHCode(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma); getch();system("cls");return;void bianma2(HTNode ht,HCode hcd,CHar &ch,int n,char bianma)int i;FILE*fp;char filename20;printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt):");scanf(