小升初形容词副词讲义

1、形容词与副词1、理解形容词副词的意义教学目的2、掌握形容词副词的用法3、熟练掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级教学内容Homework般 差（）、形容词、副词的概念什么是形容词、副词呢？形容词：我们把用来 修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。?例:Simba is a good lion.(表性质)(It s a red lantern.表特征)He is(asleep .表状态)(1)形容词通常用于 名词的前面。译为的”She is a famous actress. 她是位有名 的演员。He is a warm-hearted man. 他是个热心的人。

2、a nice watch一只漂亮 的手表an empty box一个空箱子a clever boy一个聪明的男孩a beautiful girl一个美丽的女孩an interesting book一本有趣的书a blue car一辆蓝色的小汽车(2)形容词用在系动词后作表语。Monkey is smart.猴子很机灵。It ' s hot in summer. 夏季， 天彳艮热You look fine .你们看上去很好。中间用原级。如:(3) as -as (与 样)，not as (so) as (与 不样)The story is as interesting as that o

3、ne.The question is not as (so) difficult as that one.翻译：1、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。(young)He as as Jim.2、我跳得和Mike 一样远。(far)I as as Mike.old youngZhao Benshan is old.Zhou Jielun is young.形容词的反义词beautiful -ugly（美丽，丑陋）thick-thin （厚薄）big-small 大小quick-slow 快慢old-new 旧新luck-unluck 幸运 , 不幸运good-bad 好坏wild-strict广阔的,

4、狭小的start-stop 开始，结束hotcold 冷热up-down 上下left-right 左右black-white 黑白important-unimportant重要，不重要形容词的反义词comfortable-uncomfortable舒适，不sure-unsure 确信，不确定thin-fat 瘦胖long-short 长短many-little多少much-few多少clever-foolish耳口明高easy-difficult容易 难smooth-rough光滑粗糙friendly-unfriendly友好，不友好写由下列形容词和副词的反义词? 1.fast?10.fat

5、? 2.tall?11.cold? 3.heavy?12.dry? 4.empty?13.slowly? 5.fat? 14.easily? 6.easy?15.little? 7.clean?16.few? 8.safe?17.good? 9.late?18.while副词：说明事情发生的 时间、地点、原因、方式 等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或 整个句子。（二）、副词的用法：副词多用来修饰动词。1 .修饰动词小明开心地笑了。Xiaoming smiles happily.2 .修饰形容词、副词小明真的很开心。Xiaoming is really happy.3 .表示事情发生的

6、频率频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardlyneverThey live happily. （happily 快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词live）They are listening to the teacher carefully. （carefully认真地，修饰动词 listen）Don' t speak loudly in class. （loudly大声地，修饰动词 speak）1时间now / finally /early5频度always / often/sometimes / never / seldom2地点here / nearby

7、/ outside 6疑问how / where / when / why3方式quietly / fast / slowly7连接how / when / where / why / whether4程度nearly / very / rather8关系when / where / why:mce-nicely wise-wisely（三）、形容词变副词1、部分形容词加-ly可以变成副词。如:形容词 一 副词quick ) quicklyslowslowlyquiet + r ly quietlyhappyhappilycarefulcarefully小试牛刀（-）在形容词词尾直接加如:ca

8、reful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly 二）以辅音字母加的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-JrJjQ:busy-busily; angry-angrilly; easy-easi ly（三）以we结尾的词去助口M如:true-truly（四）以他结尾的词去e加y.J?D:gentle-gently possible-possibly（五）其他以e结尾的词一律力吆词形变换6, well8. red10. little12.cheap1. easy （反义词）3. big （最高级）5. new （反义词）7. worst

9、（原级）9. nice （最高级）11 .China （形容词）2 .busy （比较级）4. hungry （比较级）（比较级） （比较级） （比较级） （反义词）名词形容词friend + ly friendly友好的love + ly lovely可爱的如：如:名词形容词rainrainy卜雨的snowsnowy下雪的cloud+ycloudy阴天的saltsalty咸的windwindy有风的I.Winter is a(cold)seasonof the year.2.This radio is not so(cheap) as that one.3.Please listen to

10、me(careful).4. The child doesn t(write) as(fast)asthe students.5. I can swim as(fast ) as the fish, I think.bigbiggerbiggest（二）形容词、副词原型变比较级、最高级的规律1。颤变化构成方法原级比较级最高级L 一般情况在词末尾加-e 和-Stgreat stronggreaterstrongerthe greatestthe strongest2.以不发音字母主结尾.只 力卜丁和-stfine nicefine nicerthe finest the nicest3. “朝元

11、辅”结构的单词，须先 双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和- estbig hot thinbigger hotter thinnerthe biggest the hottest the thinnest4,以辅音字母加丫号尾.变丫为L 再力口-er和-esthappy heavyhappier heavier1the happiestthe heaviest5.多音节单词.在单词前面 加moe fDmostdifficult slowlymore difficultmore slowlythe most difficult the most slowly其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more,

12、 most来构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interestingimportant（重要的）more importantmost important原级比较级最高级good （好的）well （ 好的）betterbestbad （坏的）ill （有病的）worseworstmany （多的） much （多的）moremostoldolder (elder)oldest (eldest)little ( 少的)lessleastfar （远的）far

13、ther (further)farthest(furthest)记忆小窍门:合二为一有三对，“病坏” “两多”与“两好”，一分为二有两个，一个“远”来一个“老”，你来猜猜猜看：引号内的分别代表什么? 还有一个双含义， 只记“少”来别记“小”。四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1、形容词、副词的 比较级，用于两个同类的人或事物的比较，比较对象用than来连接old old erZhao Benshan is old. Grandpa is older.Grandpa is older than Zhao Benshan .than比比较级+ than比更She is cleverer tha

14、n the other girls in the class.她比班里的其他女孩聪明。Bill is _ Tom.(old). 汤姆(Tom)比露西(Lucy)高。(tall )2、形容词或副词的|最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或事物在某个范围内“最”V意：形容词最高级前一定要用“the”基本结构是：“A+be册e+最高级+范围”Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team.姚明在中国篮球队里最高。Cairo is the city in Egypt. (big). 约翰(John)是班里最聪明的男孩。(clever)、

15、按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级l.good2.thin3.heavy4.happy5.long6.little7.far8.careful9.slow10.well11.low12. beautiful13.large_14.famous15. eresting17.important18.cheap19.easy_ 20.high、根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空I.Jim works(hard), but his brother works(hard) than him.1. It ' s much(hot) today than yes

16、terday.3. Mr Smith is the(rich) man in this office.4. This match is(exciting) of the three.5. My mother is the(busy) in my family.6. Beijing is one of the(beautiful) city in China.7. This book is(interesting) than that book.8. Which goes(quick), the bus or the car?9. Look! His hands are( big ) than

17、mine.10. I think you do these things( well ) than your classmates.11. Whose bag is( heavy ), yours or mine?12. Does Jim run as( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs( slow ) than them.13. I' m very( thin ), but she ' s( thin ) than me.14. My eyes are(big) than(she).25. My brother is two years(

18、old) than me.三、单项选择题1 . Which subject do you like, maths or English?A.good B.better C.well D.best2 .This red rose is of all flowers.A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful3 .My book is newer than.A.he B.his C.our D.we4 .He is student in his class.A.good B.better C.the be

19、st D.best5 .Look! The bee than the bird.A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher6 .His hens are and fat.A.big B.biggerC.biggest D.the biggest1.5 he knows abouthistory than most people.A.more B.muchC.most D.many1.6 t was really an story.A.afraid B.excitedC.excitingD.worried9 .Which

20、 city is from here, Beijing or Shanghai?A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest10 .This building is that tree.A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as四、翻译句子：11 谁比Jim年纪大？是你。is than Jim ? are.12 谁比David更强壮？是 Gao Shan.than David? Gao Shan.13 谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。 pencil is,or ? is, I thin

21、k.14 你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。as as your uncle? Yes, I am.15 Lesson One is interesting. Lesson Two is more interesting.(合并为一句话)Lesson One is than Lesson Two.16 她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。 as as twin?No, than him.17 Yang Ling 每天睡得比SuYang晚。Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.18 He runs faster than any other people in

22、the class.(改为同义句)He runs in the class.19 Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的，他和我跑得一样快。Tom than you? No, he as as.20 . He isn ' t so tall as his father.(改为同义句)His father than him.五、选择正确的词填空。Sarah is 12 years (old,older).She is one year(older,oldest) than me.ButI am 0.1 meter(taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Gu

23、angzhou interational Shool.She studies the(harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels(good,better) now.I.better/best2.thinner/thinnest3.heavier/heaviest4.happier/happiest5.longer/longest 6.less/least7.farther/farthest further/furthest 8.more careful/most careful 9.slower/slowest10.better/best11.lower/lowest 12.more