牛津版湖南高三英语第一轮复习学案 模块3Unit3Back to the past

1、话题：计 划 与 愿 望【词汇积累】【佳句背诵】1.reply v&n.答复2.accumulate v. 积累3.occasion n. 时机；场合4.desire v&n. 渴望5.prepare v. 准备6.intend v. 意欲，打算7.without delay 毫不延迟地8.be meant to do sth. 意在做某事9.look forward to 盼望10.make full use of 充分利用11.set goals 设定目标12.make/keep/stick to/carry out a plan 制定/遵守/坚持/执行计划13.get r

2、eady for 为做好准备14.aim to 旨在；目的在于15.in ones spare time 在某人空闲时间16.arrange ones time properly to do sth. 合理地安排时间做某事17.on ones own 独立地18.make some arrangements 做一些准备1.We are to gather at 7：00 am at the school gate and set out twenty minutes later.我们将在上午7点于学校门口集合，20分钟后出发。2. Would you please ring me up to

3、let me know if you can come to the party？请打电话来告诉我您能否来参加聚会，好吗？3.We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.我们高兴地期待着您的到来。4.We sincerely hope that you can make it.我们真诚地希望你能参加。【写作模板】暑假计划How time flies! As you know, the College Entrance Examination is approaching, which also announces

4、 the end of this sort of stressful study life.However, I intend to have a meaningful summer vacation.First, I will learn to drive to get a driving license, which is a new activity for a high school graduate in China.I will have a good rest, enjoying my hobbies.Then I will take some English courses t

5、o improve my English communication ability. With the summer vacation beginning，I will be a participant watching the basketball match between China and the US.After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist attractions to broaden my horizons. That is the plan for my vacation.I am looking forward to be

6、ing told about your arrangement of your vacation.单词拼写根据词义写出英文单词。1_ vt.兴建，创建2_ vi. (火山等)爆发3_ vi. 涌流，倾泻vt. 倒出(液体)4_ n. 表达；表情，神色5_ vt. 装饰，装潢6_ v. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开7_ n. 仪式，典礼8_ adj. 强有力的9_ vt. 教育10_ adv. 渐渐地，逐渐地11_n. 学者12_ n. 废墟；毁坏vt. 破坏；毁灭13_ n. 毁坏；残留物，遗骸14_prep. 在之下15_n. 文献，文件16_ vi. 抱怨17_n. 解决办法，解答18_ vt.

7、使腐化，使堕落adj. 贪污的；腐败的19_n. 法官，审判员；裁判员v. 判断；裁决20_n. 审讯，审理；试验；考验答案：1.cate10gradually11.scholar12.ruin13.remains14.beneath15.documentplain17.solution18.corrupt19.judge20.trial.单词拓展写出下列单词及其派生词。1_adj. 不幸的，遗憾的_adv. 不幸地_adj. 幸运的_adv. 幸运地2

8、_ n. 灾难_adj. 灾难性的3_ vt. 毁坏，摧毁_ n. 破坏_adj. 毁灭性的4_adj. 富有的，富裕的_n. 财富；财产5_vi. 爆炸_n. 爆炸_adj. 爆发性的；爆发的6_vt. 宣布，宣称_ n. 宣布；布告；宣言7_ n. 纪念馆，纪念碑adj. 纪念的_ n. 记忆(力)；回忆_ vt. 记忆；背诵8_ n. 基础；基准；原因_ adj. 基础的_ n. 基地；根基；基础v. 以为基础9_ n. 毒药，毒物vt. 下毒，毒害_adj. 有毒的10_adj. 文化的_ n. 文化答案：1.unfortunate；unfortunately；fortunate；fo

9、rtunately2.disaster；disastrous3.destroy；destruction；destructive 4wealthy；wealth 5.explode；explosion；explosive6declare；declaration 7.memorial；memory；memorize8basis；basic；base9.poison；poisonous10.cultural；culture 1_ 夺取；接管2_ 倾倒出3_ 分解；出故障；失败；崩溃4_ 处于良好的状态5_ 实施；执行6_ 在船上(飞机上或火车上)；上船(飞机或火车)7_ 纪念8_ 无疑，确实9_ 起

10、义；反抗10_ 阻碍(某人)11_ 在之前；比强/好12_ 患(病)13_ 受够了某人答案：1.take over2.pour out3.break down4.in good condition5.carry out6.on board7.in memory of8no doubt9.rise up against10.stand in ones path11.ahead ofe down with13.have enough of sb.语境填词The (1)_(水手) Tom made a (2)_(大笔的钱) by dealing in wood and (3)_(皮革)Five ye

11、ars ago, he (4)_(抱怨) about his low (5)_(薪水) and resigned his job.After many (6)_(试验) and researches, he (7)_(逐渐地) found the way to make money.Recently he (8)_(宣布) he would donate the majority of his (9)_(财富) to the society.He is the (10)_(荣耀) to his family.答案：(1)sailor(2)fortune(3)leather(4)complain

12、ed(5)salary(6)trials(7)gradually(8)declared(9)wealth(10)glory1so位于句首倒装Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.仿写钟会喜欢周日去钓鱼，他的妹妹也如此。Zhong Hui enjoys going fishing on Sundays，and_2it作形式主语It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city.仿写很显然，越来越多的学生忽视我们英语学习中的拼写问题

13、。_more and more students pay less attention to spelling in our English learning.3Sb./Sth.isv.­ed to do/to have doneIt is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 400.仿写据说他曾在伦敦学习过三年。He was said _in London for three years.4with的复合结构In less than 9 minutes, the s

14、hip sank with 1，177 men on board.仿写由于有如此多的作业要做，Helen不得不熬到深夜。With so much homework_，Helen had to stay up very late.答案：1.so is his sister2.It is obvious that3.to have studied4.to doI felt lucky to have won a place to go on a cultural tour to sites of lost civilizations.We visited Pompeii in Italy and

15、Loulan in China，Pompeii was founded in the 8th century BC，then taken 1._ by the Romans in 89 BC.Later，Pompeii was destroyed by a volcano.It erupted and covered Pompeii with ash.Unfortunately，many people were buried alive.The city was forgotten for many years 2._ the 18th century a stone 3._ writing

16、on it was discovered by a farmer.People dug in the area and caused much damage.Thus，in 1860，the area was governed by the government so it 4._ be preserved and studied.Differently，Loulan disappeared under the sand.There were just a few ruins left.There was 5._ ancient water system that ran through th

17、e middle of the city.The desert was once a green land with huge trees，6._ they were cut down，7._ resulted in the city being buried by sand.They 8._ were important commercial cities about 2,000 years ago.It was so pity that they disappeared for ever.答案：1.over2.until3.with4.could5.an6.but7.which8.both

18、 ruinvt.毁灭/坏，使破产nU毁坏，毁灭，崩溃；(金钱等的)完全丧失C(pl.)废墟，遗迹(教材P43)A scholar from the local cultural institute，Professor Zhang，told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.一位来自本地文化研究所的学者，张教授告诉我们在大约1900年欧洲探险家Sven Hedin发现了古楼兰王国的遗址。the ruins of Rome古

19、罗马遗迹in ruins 成废墟；严重受损(2013·高考山东卷·阅读理解)She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz­influenced style.她担心对古典音乐的学习会毁了他受爵士影响的风格。Years of fighting have left the area in_ruins多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。易混辨析damage，harm，hurt，ruin，destroydamage多用于无生命的东西，指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，而且还可以修复”。这种损坏是

20、自然灾害或人为过失造成的。harm指对人或物的伤害或损坏，侧重身体或心理上的伤害。hurt指任何肉体或精神上的伤害，强调其痛苦的后果。ruin通常指无可挽回的伤害，但不一定指完全毁灭，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。此外ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“坏了”。destroy强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉；也可用于比喻，表示“打破(希望、计划)，使失败”。【活用】用上述词语填空(1)The town government had to find a new place to rebuild it，for it had been _by a strong earthquake.(2

21、)You cant drive this car anymore，because obviously it has been _beyond repair.(3)If you want to _the environment，you have to pay to do it，and I agree with that.(4)With more forests being_，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.(5)Youll _her feelings if you forget her birthday.

22、答案：(1)ruined(2)damaged(3)harm(4)destroyed(5)hurt remainsn残余物；遗迹；遗体；遗址；遗物(教材P43)Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand，together with a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings.Sven发现了埋葬在沙子下面的建筑物遗迹，以及很多财宝，包括钱币、彩绘罐、丝绸、文献和壁画等珍贵

23、文物。(1)remain vi.仍是；剩下；继续存在，逗留；留待以后去(说，做)remain to be done 仍需去做remain in ones memory 留在记忆中(2)the remains of strength 余力the remains of the Tang Dynasty 唐代遗物(3)remaining adj. 其余的，剩余的(2014·高考大纲全国卷·阅读理解)Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with，the world is a safer and he

24、althier place.虽然有很多严重的问题尚待和需要解决，但是这个世界还是一个比较安全和祥和的地方。(2013·高考山东卷·阅读理解)Many of his songs have remained_popular as ever.他的许多歌曲还和从前一样受欢迎。【活用】A一句多译他用剩下的钱买了一本书。(1)_(2)_答案：(1)He used his remaining money to buy a book.(2)He used his money left to buy a book.【活用】B单项填空(1)(2015·湖南十二校联考)The cast

25、le caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original structure_AremainsBis remainedCis remainingDhas been remained解析：选A。考查动词的时态和语态。remain是系动词，没有被动语态，由此排除B、D两项；根据句意可知，此处表示的是城堡的现状，故用一般现在时。(2)Boys and girls，please remain_and keep quiet until the electricity supply returns to normal

26、.AseatedBseatingCto seatDseat解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。remain在此作系动词，seated作表语，表示主语的状态。 declarevt.宣布；声明；表明；断言；宣称vi.声明；(公开)表态(教材P55)The next day，US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan.第二天，美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福宣布对日作战。(1) declare sth./sb.to be宣布为，断言为declare that­clause 宣布；宣称declare war (on/agai

27、nst.) (向)宣战declare the meeting open/closed 宣布大会开幕/闭幕declare for. 对表示赞成(2)declaration n. 宣布，声明(书)My aunt even goes so far as to declare that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the exact meaning of a word in English.我的姑姑甚至声称，汉语对某个英语单词的“释义”从来不会让你明白那个英语单词的确切含义。Germany declared war on France on 1

28、August，1914.德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战。His actions declared_him_to_be an honest man.他的行为说明他是个老实人。易混辨析declare，announcedeclare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。【活用】A用上述词语填空(1)The popular actress _ recently that she would marry a rich gentleman and r

29、etire from the stage.(2)Everyone was silent as he _ the winner of the boxing competition.答案：(1)declared(2)announced【活用】B用declare的相关词语完成小片段The newly­elected president (1)_ their action，meaning that he (2)_ it _ legal；as a result，he must be responsible for his (3)_这位新当选的总统表示赞成他们的行动，这意味着他宣布这个行动是合法

30、的，因此，他必须为他的声明负责。答案：(1)declared for(2)declared；to be(3)declaration awareadj.意识到的，知道的，察觉到的(教材P59)In many cases，his questions made his students aware of their own errors.在许多情况下，他的问题使他的学生们意识到自己的错误。(1)be aware of.知道，觉察到be aware that. 知道，意识到as far as I am aware 据我所知(2)awareness n. 意识(3)unaware adj. 无意识的，不

31、知道的(2014·高考重庆卷·完形填空)When visiting another country，you should be aware of those differences and respect them.我们身处异国他乡时，不但要注意到文化差异，还要尊重这些差异。However，it is important to be_aware_of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.然而，因为无论选择什么样的生活方式每个人都面

32、临着空气污染，所以意识到这些危险是重要的。The fact that so many people still smoke in public places suggests that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.还是有那么多的人在公共场合吸烟这个事实说明我们需要一个广泛的全国性的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害性的认识。【活用】用aware的适当形式填空(1)Most smokers are perfectly _ of the dangers of smoking.(2)H

33、e seems _ of the trouble hes causing，otherwise he would stop it.(3)The teacher has tried to make him raise _答案：(1)aware(2)unaware(3)awareness judgen法官，审判员，裁判员(教材P59)At his trial，he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions.在审判他时，他问了法官更多的问题来为自己辩护。(1)judge by/from从判断，按照判断as far as I can

34、 judge 据我判断，我认为(2) judg(e)ment n. 判断(力)；见识；裁判；评价in ones judgement 以某人看来，按某人看法The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.法官判他五年监禁。(2013·高考新课标全国卷·单项填空)“You cant judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.俗话说，“你不能以貌取人”。Id say she is pretty rich，judging_from her clothes.通过她的穿着来看，我觉

35、得她非常富有。【活用】单项填空(1)_ from the look on his face，he must have known the bad news.ABeing judgedBTo judgeCJudgedDJudging解析：选D。judging from.是独立结构，在句中作状语，意为“由来判断”。(2)It seems difficult to _ hurt from injure in meaning.AjudgeBtellCdivideDseparate解析：选B。judge from.“根据判断”；tell.from.“区别；区分”；o“把分成几份”；s

36、eparate.from.“把和分开”。根据句子的意思分析，此处用tell，表示“区分开hurt和injure意思的不同”。 take over夺取；接管(教材P42)In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii.公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。take after长得像；性格类似于take apart 拆开；拆卸 take away 拿走take back 收回take down 拆除；记下take in 吸收；欺骗；领会take off 起飞；脱下；(突然)成功 take on 呈现，具有；承担，从事；雇用take up 开始；占用take.for gran

37、ted 认为理所当然(2013·高考安徽卷·阅读理解)Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.科技的确对我们有帮助，但我们不应该让它掌控我们的生活。Take the watch apart and see if you can find out whats wrong with it.把这块表拆卸开，看看你能否找到毛病在哪儿。Peter took_back his words when he realized his mistake.彼得意识到了自己的错误

38、，收回了他的话。【活用】用take的相关短语填空(1)Dont be _ by his charmhes ruthless.(2)Mr.Wang was sent to the hospital；she had to _ his work.(3)Weve _three new employees this month.(4)Many old houses have been_，and many new buildings have been put up in Beijing.答案：(1)taken in(2)take over(3)taken on(4) taken down carry o

39、ut完成；实现；贯彻；执行(教材P55)A surprise attack was carried out there by the Japanese in 1941.1941年日本发起突然袭击。carry away拿走；使着迷；使失去自制力carry on 继续；进行carry off 抢走；赢得；完成carry through 完成；帮助渡过难关They had some difficulty in carrying out their plan.他们在执行计划时遇到一些困难。The whole crowd were quite carried_away by the young sing

40、ers performance.那个年轻歌手的表演使全场听众神魂颠倒。They carried off the first prize at the international tournament.在那次国际比赛中，他们夺得了第一名。【活用】用适当的介词、副词填空(1)When she left I carried _ her research.(2)It wont be an easy plan to carry _(3)I got carried _ and started shouting at the television.(4)Im determined to carry this

41、 _ in spite of difficulties.(5)Jackie carried _most of the awards that evening.答案：(1)on (with)(2)out(3)away(4)through(5)off in memory of纪念(教材P55)In memory of the Americans who died in the attack，a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor just above the remains of the Arizona.为了纪念在这次袭击中遇难的美国人，在珍珠港

42、，就在沉没的战舰亚利桑那号的残骸上建立了一个国家纪念馆。in praise of赞美，歌颂in honor of 为了向表示敬意 in search of 寻找in charge of 负责，掌管in terms of 就而言in favor of 支持，赞同in face of 面对in need of 需要in short of 缺乏in want of 缺乏，需要A fund was launched to set up a monument in memory of the dead.为了竖一块纪念碑以纪念死者，人们开始集资。Mr.Brown is in charge of the c

43、ompany when the boss is out.老板不在时布朗先生掌管公司。In_face_of the new evidence he had to admit he had been wrong.在新的证据面前，他只得认错。【活用】用in的相关短语填空(1)They built a monument_ those who died in the great earthquake.(2)Who is_ the administration of your company?(3)Are you_ or against the plan?答案：(1)in memory of/in hon

44、our of(2)in charge of(3)in favour of.品句填词1The flood last year in the south was a real _(灾难)，leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing.2The big company has _ (逐渐地)absorbed these small companies into its own organization.3The statue is a _ (纪念碑)to all the soldiers who died in the wars.4One of the _ (有力的)a

45、ctions the government has taken is to knock down the illegal buildings to restore the beauty of the city.5_(不幸地), his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.6Being accustomed to being poor, he found it hard to adapt

46、to a _(富裕的) life in a short period of time.7The whole system was _(腐败的) every official she approached wanted money before helping her.8If we _(判断) according to our own cultural habits，we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.答案：1.disaster2.gradually3.memorial4.powerful5.Unfo

47、rtunately6.wealthy7.corrupt8.judge.选词填空break down；carry out；rise up；no doubt；in memory of；stand in ones path；take over；as a result of；come down with；have a great influence on1The children all _ when the headmaster came in.2He ran into debt _ drinking too much.3I _ flu and was unable to go to work.4B

48、efore the Hope Project _ in this poor area，children here had no access to education.5We have overcome all the difficulties _6Her health_ under the pressure of work and she had to stay in hospital for a month.7When she fell ill，her daughter _ the business from her.8_ that he has passed the examinatio

49、n；he worked so hard.9Nowadays news media _ peoples mind.10He wrote the poem _ his friend.答案：1.rose up2.as a result of3.came down with4was carried out5.standing in our path6.broke down7took over8.No doubt9.have a great influence on10in memory of.单项填空1The precious manuscripts were hopelessly _ by long

50、 exposure in the cold，damp cellar.AdamagedBdestroyedCharmedDruined解析：选D。ruin通常指该物的使用价值遭到破坏，强调长期的破坏结果；damage指所造成的损坏是可以修复的；destroy指彻底的摧毁；harm“伤害，危害”。2He was angry that its forbidden to _ himself a Jew.AdeclareBexplainCsuggestDannounce解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很生气连自己宣称是个犹太人都被禁止。declare“宣称”；explain“解释”；suggest“表明”；announce“宣布”，含有预示之意。故选A。3Some insects_ the colour of their surroundings to protect them