oracle数据库全备份和增量备份

1、1. 检查数据库模式： sqlplus /nolog conn /as sysdba archive log list (查看数据库是否处于归档模式中) 若为非归档,则修改数据库归档模式。 startup mount alter database archivelog alter database open2.连接到target数据库命令： connect target / (connect target system/oracleora10g,如果数据库没有起来，也可要直接在rman命令下用startup进行启动数据库) 可以连接到target database.(rman 一边连接到tar

2、get数据库，另外一边连接到control file(nocatalog mode),control file 中存储rman 的备份信息)3.用list backupset 命令查看有没有备份4. 常用备份命令： 备份全库：RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input; (备份全库及控制文件、服务器参数文件与所有归档的重做日志，并删除旧的归档日志)备份表空间：RMAN> backup tablespace system plus archivelog delete input; (备份指定表空间及归档的重做日志，并删除旧的归

3、档日志)_备份归档日志：RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;1. 全库备份（备份数据文件中有数据的，有数据文件，控制文件，归档日志文件，spfile文件，不备份联机重做日志文件或临时文件）RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; -控制文件自动备份RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 backup type to compressed backupset; -压缩RMAN> CONFIGURE channel DEVICE T

4、YPE DISK format 'D:APPrmanfull_%s.bk' -备份的路径RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE; -全备份RMAN>list backup of database; -检查备份信息RMAN>backup archivelog all delete input; -备份归档日志并删除归档日志RMAN> list backup of archivelog all; -检查归档日志2. 差异增量备份 RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database; -0级全备份RMAN> bac

5、kup incremental level 2 database;-2级备份RMAN> list backup of database; -检查备份信息3. 累积增量备份（2c 不做参照对象）RMAN> backup incremental level 2 cumulative database;中心数据库,RMAN一周备份方案=0.星期天晚上 -level 0 backup performed(全备份)1.星期一晚上 -level 2 backup performed2.星期二晚上 -level 2 backup performed3.星期三晚上 -level 1 backup

6、performed4.星期四晚上 -level 2 backup performed5.星期五晚上 -level 2 backup performed6.星期六晚上 -level 2 backup performed如果星期二需要恢复的话，只需要0+1,如果星期四需要恢复的话，只需要0+3,如果星期五需要恢复的话，只需要0+3+4,如果星期六需要恢复的话，只需要0+3+4+5具体步骤：1. 创建0,1,2级备份脚本 D:rman_bak_scriptrunallocate channel c1 type disk;allocate channel c2 type disk;allocate c

7、hannel c3 type disk;backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 tag 'db_level0' database format 'H:RMAN_BAKlevel0_%u_%s_%p.bak'sql 'alter system archive log current'backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format 'H:ARCHIVELOG_BAKarch0_%u_%s_%p' delete inp

8、ut;delete noprompt obsolete;release channel c1;release channel c2;release channel c3;runallocate channel c1 type disk;allocate channel c2 type disk;allocate channel c3 type disk;backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 tag 'db_level1' database format 'H:RMAN_BAKlevel1_%u_%s_%p.

9、bak'sql 'alter system archive log current'backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format 'H:ARCHIVELOG_BAKarch1_%u_%s_%p' delete input;delete noprompt obsolete;release channel c1;release channel c2;release channel c3;runallocate channel c1 type disk;allocate channel c2 type

10、 disk;allocate channel c3 type disk;backup as compressed backupset incremental level 2 tag 'db_level2' database format 'H:RMAN_BAKlevel2_%u_%s_%p.bak'sql 'alter system archive log current'backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format 'H:ARCHIVELOG_BAKarch2_%u_%s_%p

11、' delete input;delete noprompt obsolete;release channel c1;release channel c2;release channel c3;2. 创建周日至周六执行的批处理文件 D:rman_bak_script MonSun星期天 rman target / log D:rman_bak_scriptSunrmanlog_Sun%date:0,4%_%date:5,2%_%date:8,2%.txt cmdfile=D:rman_bak_scriptrman_level0.cmd星期一 rman target / log D:rm

12、an_bak_scriptMonrmanlog_Mon%date:0,4%_%date:5,2%_%date:8,2%.txt cmdfile=D:rman_bak_scriptrman_level2.cmd星期二 rman target / log D:rman_bak_scriptTuermanlog_Tue%date:0,4%_%date:5,2%_%date:8,2%.txt cmdfile=D:rman_bak_scriptrman_level2.cmd星期三 rman target / log D:rman_bak_scriptWenrmanlog_Wen%date:0,4%_%date:5,2%_%date:8,2%.txt cmdfile=D:rman_bak_scriptrman_level1.cmd星期四 rman target / log D:rman_bak_scriptThurmanlog_Thu%date:0,4%_%date:5,2%_%date:8,2%.txt cmdfile=D:rman_bak_scriptrman_level2.cmd星期五 rman target / log D:rman_bak_scriptFrirmanlog_Fri%date:0,4%_%d