形容词的比较级和最高级

1、形容词的比较级和最高级英语中的形容词通常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大 部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过变化词尾来实现的,属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则变 化。英语中有些形容词说明形状、材质等，还有形容词没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度, 故而没有比较级和最高级。常见的有：right正确的wrong错误的last最后的possible可能的empty空的woode n木制的rou nd圆的golde n金色的excelle nt最好的 first第一的 impossible不可能 的 square方的final最后的 east东方的 favourite最喜欢

2、的一、比较级和最高级的构成1规则变化（1）单音节和少数双音节形容词变化规则如吓：1）单音节词末尾加-er （比较级），-est （最高级）例原级比较级最咼级greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestclea nclea nerclea nest2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r （比较级），-st （最高级）【例】finefinerfin estnicen icernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单音节词，须先双写这个辅音字母，再-est （最高级）biggerhotterbiggest hottest加-er （比

3、较级），【例】 big hotfatfatterfattest4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，将y变为i，加-er （比较级），-est （最 高级）happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfunnyfunnierfunni est【例】5）以-er， ow， -ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加 -er （比较级），-est （最高级） 【例】 clevercleverercleverestn arrown arrowern arrowestableablerablest（比较级），most （最高级）most tir

4、edmost in terest ingmost difficult（2）其他双音节词和多音节词在词前加more【例】tiredmoretiredin terest ingmorein teresti ngdifficultmoredifficult（注意：A :有词根加ly构成的形容词，在词前加 more （比较级），most （最高 级）女口 friendly-friend+ly 构成,friendly more friendly most friendly；B :以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-u

5、ntidier-untidiest ）比较级的用法2不规则变化形容词的不规则变化如下:原级比较级最咼级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther更远的（只指距离）further更远的（指距离）； 更深入的（指程度）farthest; furthestoldolder较老的，较旧的；长辈 的（指年龄、新旧、血缘）； elder长辈的（只指血缘）oldest; eldest（1）高于或低于另一方的比较运用“比较级+than”的结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 即： 物

6、体 A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物体B.She is more beautiful than my sister. 她比我的姐姐漂亮。This bottle is bigger than that o ne.这瓶子比那瓶子大。比较级+and+比较级这种结构表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意为“越来越She is beco ming fatter and fatter.她变得越来越胖。It is gett ing warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。三、最高级的用法1表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较形式。

7、此时应运用形容词的最 高级，其句式为：the+形容词最高级+ （名词）+表示范围的短语或从句，即： 物体A + am / are / is + the + 形最高级 + （名词）+比较范围（of +人/物，in +地方） Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.露西是她学校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinn est of the three boys.吉姆是这三个男孩中最瘦的。2“最”的其他表达方法。（1）运用比较级表达最高级的概念。Ann is taller tha n any other girl in her class.A

8、nn is taller tha n the other girls in her class.Ann is taller tha n the rest of girls in her class.以上三句表达的意思等同于最高级的含义：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class.安是她们班上最高的女生。四、比较级和最高级的修饰语1比较级的修饰语修饰比较级的常用语和短语主要有：much（.得多），a lot （得多），a little （一点），a bit（.一点），twice（.两倍），five times （.五倍）等。Do you feel m

9、uch better today tha n yesterday?你今天感觉比昨天好很多了吗？2. 最高级的修饰语常用的最高级的修饰语有序数词 the first，the seconc等以及almost差不多，几 乎），nearly （差不多，几乎）。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。Amy 'writi ng is almost the best of all the stude nts.在所有学生中，艾米的书写几乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情况1. 使用比较级时常见的错误（1）more不可修饰比较级，但是 much可以用来

10、加强比较级，意为“的多”、 “更.”。She looks more younger than I.（巧She looks much youn ger tha n I.（Q（2）比较的对象或范围出现错误。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（齐（比较的对象应该是北京的天气，而不是北京）The weather of Sha nghai is hotter tha n that of Beiji ng.紡上海的天气比北京的热。Chi na is larger than any cou ntry in Asia.()(出现了逻辑上的错误，中国就

11、是亚洲 的一个国家，应当排除在外)China is larger than any other country in Asia. (vj) 中国比亚洲别的国家要大。2形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the,而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词the:(1) 形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修 饰时,最高级前不用the。如：The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China黄河是中国第二长河。(2) 形容词最高级在句中作表语而比较范围又不明确时，最高级前不用the。如: They are happiest on

12、Saturday他 们在星期六最快乐。(3) 如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词最高级前不加 the。如：He is the youn gest and tallest boy in his class.是班上年龄最小、个子最高的男孩。练习形容词比较级和最高级（一）一、写出下列单词的反义词1. hot 2.new 3. clean 4. high5. heavy 6.cold 7. bad二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1. old 2. busy3. thi n4. many5. slow6. delicious三、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is ( young )

13、 than Fred but (tall) thanFred.2. Yin gtia n is not as(tall) asY on gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts' faces are the same but Li Demi ng looks(fat) tha nbefore .4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How (tall) is Sally?-She' s 1.55 metres (tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s onl

14、y 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the(short)girl in the class.6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese and heis the (bad) at En glish.7. Ann ie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.

15、9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little(big) tha n an apple, but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11. Miss Chen isthan Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. LinMr. Brow n. (sad)13. The basketballthe baseball. (big)14. Questio n AQuesti on B. (importa nt)15. A rosea weeid

16、草).(beautiful)16. Toro nto iscity in Can ada. (large)17. Playi ng computer games isof all the activities. nteresti ng).18. The Nile(尼羅河)isriver in the world. (long)19. Good health isthing life. (importa nt)20. Taking a taxi isway to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 isof all the tests. (difficult

17、 ) 22. He isthan any other boy in the class < clever)23. She istha n all the other stude nts. (young)24. The wi ndow isof the two. (n arrow)25. Where is thebus-stop? (n ear)26. He is one ofPoliticia ns. (famous)27. Tom drives muchthan Joh n. (careful)28. The white flower is(beautiful). The yellow

18、 flower is(beautiful)tha n the white flower. The red flower is theof the three.四、选择题1. She istha nA. busier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / us D. more busy / we2.Jane isthan Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tall D. not as tall3.Chi na iscountry in the world.A. the third largest B. the lar

19、gest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which isseas on in Beiji ng?-I thi nk it's autu mn.A.goodB.better C.bestD.the best5. - Which is, the sun, the moon or the earth?-Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest6. The air in Beiji ng is gett ing muchnow tha n a f

20、ew years ago.A. clea n B. clea nerC. clea nestD. the clea nest7. Mobile pho nes are very popular now and they aretha n before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapestD. the cheapest8. I study English asas my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. Which is, a bicycle or a computer?A. expe nsiveB.more expe nsiv

21、e C.the most expe nsive10. The Yellow River is one ofrivers in Chi na.A long B Ion gerC the Ion gest11.She is the sec ondstude nt in our class.A. tall B. taller C. talles形容词比较级和最高级(二)一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1. Tom can jump(high). He jumps(high) tha n the other boys inhis class.2. Janet sing(well) in her cla

22、ss. She can sing(well) tha n her musicteacher, too.3. My father is(han dsome). But my brother is(han dsome) tha n him.He is(han dsome) in my family.4. I have(many) books in my class. But my teacher has(many) bookstha n(I).5. (they) house is much(old) tha n(we).6. (she) dances(well) tha n(he).7. (he)

23、 house are(small) of the four.8. Does(she) mother get up(early) tha n(you)?9. Which eats(ma ny), the mouse, the dog or the horse?Are(we) goi ng to play football with(they)?写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式:longwidefatheavyslowfewfarhappyun happy三用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the(clever).2. Gold(黄金

24、)is(little) useful than iron(铁).3. My sister is two years(old ) tha n I.4. Joh n' s pare nts have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.5. The(cheap) bags are the not usually the best on es.6. The short one is by farexpe nsive of the five.7. The boy is not so(in teresti ng) as his brother.

25、8. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Marysings(well) in her class.9. She will be much(happy) in her mew house.10. This dress isthat.(twice, as as , expensive)四. 选择填空：1. He feelstoday tha n yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like, coffee, te

26、a or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose.A. the expe nsive one B. one most expe nsiveC. a least expe nsiveD. the most expe nsive of them4. The line istha n that one.A. more Ion ger B. not Ion ger C. much more Ion ger D. many more Ion ger5. The earth is

27、the moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger asC. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 timesThe book isof the two.A. thi nner B. the thinner C. more thi nner D. the thi nn est6. She lookstha n she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older7. The garde n is beco ming.A. mor

28、e beautiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler8. They competed (比赛) to see who could work.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest and better D. faster and better9. hurry,speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The

29、 more, the less D. The much, the little五.翻译句子：1.本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book isthat one.2.你游泳没有你弟弟好。You can't swimyour brother.3.今天比昨天冷的多。It istodayit was yesterday.4.对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story istha n thatone.5. 他比我大两岁。He istha n I.6. 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story isthan that o ne.7. 她的身体状况一天天好起来。He is gett ing

30、every day.8. 他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is beco mingEn glish.9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, thehe gets.10. 你的问题是两个中比较难的那个 Your question isof two.六、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is( young ) tha n Fred, but(tall) tha n Fred.2. Alice is not as(tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before after the summer holidays.4. Which i

31、s(heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How(tall) is Sally?-She' s 1.55 metres(tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s only 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the(short) girl in the class.6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese andhe is the(bad) at En g

32、lish.7. Ann ie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange is a little(big) tha n an apple,but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11. The Chan gjia ng River is the(lo ng) r

33、iver in China.12. Sue is a little(beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as(big) as my brother' s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I' m not sure.-Is it(difficult) than maths?-I don' t thi nk so.15. - Annie plays the pia no very(well).-Sue plays it(well) than Ann ie. And Sally plays

34、it the(well).16. Saturday is my(busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is gett ing(fat) and(fat).18. I think it' s too expe nsive. I' d like a(cheap) one.19. He comes to school much(early) tha n I.20. This book is not as(in teresti ng) as that one.21. Your classroom is(wide)a nd(bright) tha n ou

35、rs.22. Practise as(much) as you can.23. The(much), the(good).24. Nowadays(现在)English is( important ) than any other subject, Ithi nk.25. Most of the stude nts thi nk a lion is much(dan gerous) tha n a bear and itis the(da ngerous) ani mal in the world.26. The apples in the other shop are an .(cheap; good)27. Many of the stars are soaway that we c