性别多样性能使企业更有生产力

1、Gender1 diversity in the workplace helps firms be more productive, according to a new study co-authored by an MIT researcher - but it may also reduce satisfaction among employees. "Having a more diverse set of employees means you have a more diverse set of skills," says Sara Ellison, an MI

2、T economist2, which "could result in an office that functions better."At the same time, individual employees may prefer less diverse settings. The study, analyzing3 a large white-collar U.S. firm, examined how much "social capital" offices build up in the form of things like coop

3、eration, trust, and enjoyment4 of the workplace."The more homogeneous offices have higher levels of social capital," Ellison observes. "But the interesting twist is that . higher levels of social capital are not important enough to cause those offices to perform better. The employees

4、might be happier, they might be more comfortable, and these might be cooperative places, but they seem to perform less well."More diversity, more revenue?The paper summarizing the study's results, "Diversity, Social Goods Provision, and Performance in the Firm," was recently publi

5、shed in the Journal of Economics and Management Strategy. The authors are Ellison, a senior lecturer in MIT's Department of Economics, and Wallace P. Mullin, an economist at George Washington University.The study used eight years of revenue data and survey results, covering 1995 to 2002, from a

6、professional-services firm with more than 60 offices in the United States and abroad. The data included some all-male and all-female offices - both of which are unusual, the researchers note - in addition to mixed-gender offices. The survey data allowed Ellison and Mullin to study the employees'

7、 ratings of office satisfaction, cooperation, and morale5, not just one generalized measure of workplace happiness.Among other results, the economists6 found that shifting from an all-male or allfemale office to one split evenly along gender lines could increase revenue by roughly 41 percent. To see

8、 how this could happen, Ellison suggests an analogy with a baseball team."A baseball team entirely7 composed of catchers could have high esprit de corps," Ellison says, noting that a band of catchers could share experiences, equipment, or tips for handling knuckleballs. "But it would

9、not perform very well on the field."词汇表：1 gendern.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性参考例句：French differs from English in having gender for all nouns. 法语不同于英语，所有的名 词都有性。Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender. 妇女有时 仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。2 economistn .经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人参考例句：He cast a profess

10、ional economist's eyes on the problem. 他以经济学行家的眼光审视 这个问题。He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers. 他是个经济学家，自以为什 么都懂。3 analyzingv.分析；分析（analyze的现在分词）；分解；解释；对进行心理分析n.分析参考例句：Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s.分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据，暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来

11、自辞典例句He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions.当然，他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句4 enjoymentn.乐趣；享有；享用参考例句:有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉Your compa ny adds to the enjo yme nt of our visit.快了。After each joke the old man cackled his enjo yme nt.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。5 moralen.道德准则，士气，斗志参考例句：Th

12、e morale of the en emy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。6 econo mistsn.经济学家，经济专家（econo mist的名词复数）参考例句：The sudde n rise in share prices has confoun ded econo mists.股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。Foreig n ban kers and econo mists cautiously welcomed the mi nister's in itiative.夕卜国令艮行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。来自简明英汉词典7