河北专版中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题一名词试题

1、10河北专版中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题一名词试题专题一名词，河北中考五年命题规律及趋势编者按：系统分析河北近5年试题，重点是单项选择、完形填空、词语运用题，逐命题点统计考查频次，表格直观呈现，并在各命题后批注考情，便于快速把握重点，逐一攻克。考纲要求1.可数名词及其单复数2./、可数名词3.专用名词4.名词所有格考查点年份P题号选项设置分值名词词义辨析201629secret/advice/promise/purpose1分201529printer/radioplayer/camera1分43glass/weight/water/height1分44minute/night/

2、day/week1分45mother/teacher/doctor/friend1分201430ice/soup/salt/sugar1分46boys/girls/men/women1分50town/market/garden/school1分55pay/time/advice/love1分201329color/size/smell/shape1分49fear/trouble/surprise/danger1分50titles/orders/stories/questions1分51discussion/practice/meeting/review1分201230potato/banana

3、/c1分andy/pie53results/films/prizes/drawings1分55chance/practice/difference/experience1分名词单复数201677place1分83child一children1分201579riverfrivers1分80wishfwishes1分201381foot-feet1分201285festivalfestivals1分名词转换201685singfsinger1分分析河北近5年中考真题可以看出，名词为单项选择题的必考点，且近两年偏向名词词义在语境中的辨析，句子设置的语境贴近学生实际生活。对名词单复数的考查会和词义辨析

4、结合，注重对语境的考查。对名词所有格的考查也会和单复数结合，侧重于不规则变化的名词复数。设题形式均为简单句，以两个单句为主，一个句子提供语境，另一个句子设题，词数在912个。另外，完形填空和词语运用中也会涉及对名词的考查，完形填空侧重考查名词的词义辨析，而词语运用则侧重对名词单复数的所有格的考查。预测2017年河北中考的单项选择仍会考查名词词义辨析题，且与语境紧密结合。完形填空也会涉及23道名词词义辨析题，且与上下文语境相结合。词语运用中考查名词变复数的可能性较大。河北中考重难点突破名词名词的分类专有名词普通名词可数名词个体名词集体名词不可数名词物质名词抽象名词名词的数可数名词单数复数规则变化

5、不规则变化不可数名词名词的所有格s所有格的构成及用法of所有格的构成及用法双重所有格名词的句法作用名词作主语、宾语、表语名词作定语、同位语、补语、状语.童潍京静折.1H考点/名词辨析【满分点拨】分析河北中考近几年单选和完形对名词辨析的考查，主要以语境辨析和近义词辨析为主。一、语境辨析分析河北中考近几年单选和完形，名词辨析侧重于对语境辨析的考查，同时较少涉及单复数、固定搭配。学生在做题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中关键信息，并分析各个选项的意思，结合日常生活的常识及语境，即可选出正确答案。学生可结合河北试题研究话题词汇分类速记表中常见名词基本词义，并背诵教材中常见的固定搭配。二、近义词辨析近义名

6、词在河北中考中没有涉及，老师可根据以下所列常见近义名词适当补充。1. family,hom?house与room2. noise,sound与voice3. question与problem4. work与job5. message,information与news6. village,city与countryside7. clothes,cloth与clothing8. photo,picture与drawing9. population与people10. road,street,path与way11. exercise,exercises与practice12. class与lesson

7、13. country,nation,state与land14. police与policeman15. trip,journey,travel与tour【考点抢测】(A)1.(2016邯郸二模)Itsraininghardoutside.Takean,please.A.umbrellaB.eraserC.articleD.icecream(B)2.(2016新华区中考模拟)Lookatthe,theteacheriswritingonit.A.treeB.blackboardC.deskD.window(B)3.(2016裕华区中考模拟)一HowcanIusethisnewwashingma

8、chine?Well,justreadtheA.directionsB.instructionsC.standardsD.explanations(A)4.(2016河北中考三模)IfelttherushtomyfacebecauseIwasquitenervousthen.A.bloodB.shameC.prideD.fear(B)5.(2016河北中考二模)Ilovered.ItisatraditionalforChinese.A.foodB.colorC.festivalD.culture(A)6.(2016石家庄28中模拟)Doyouknowtheofthesewords?Icantu

9、nderstandthem.A.meaningsB.spellingsC.pronunciationsD.instructions(D)7.(2016河北中考一模)WhatshallIdo?Ineedsome.A.newsB.truthC.secretsD.advice(D)8.(2016张家口升学二模)一Doyouthinktheofthisskirtsuitsme?Ofcourse!Youalwayslookbeautifulinred.A.sizeB.shapeC.priceD.color(B)9(2016河北升学四模)Acleangoesthroughthevillage.Lotsof

10、womenwashclothesthere.A.roadB.riverC.busD.bridge(A)10.(2016石家庄9年级质检二)Iwanttolookupaword.MayIuseyour?A.dictionaryB.radioC.playerD.pen(D)11.Hehasgood.Heneversaysdirtywords.A.habitsB.hobbiesC.abilitiesD.manners(A)12.Mybrotherisinterestedinthestamp.Whataboutyou?A.collectionB.instructionC.prizeD.hobby(D)

11、13.Ilikeverymuch.IoftenlistentoitontheMP3player.A.sportB.drawingC.scienceD.music(D)14.Pleaseputtheboxbehindthedoor.Thereisenoughtoplaceit.A.floorB.timeC.groundD.room(B)15.IfyoulearnEnglishwell,youwillhavemoretogetagoodjob.A.choicesB.chancesC.changesD.conversations考点2名词的数【满分点拨】-、名词的分类类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方

12、、事物、机构、组织等名称的词Alice,Canada,theGreatWall普通名词可数名词个体名词r表示个体的人或事物的词book,desk,table,bike,plane集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词family,class,police,team,group不可数名词物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词glass,water,air,paper,wood抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词danger,health,love,success,interest、可数名词单复数变化规律情况构成方法例词一般情况加scap-caps;dog-dogs;bikefbikes;

13、driver-drivers续表，清况构成方法例词以字母s,sh,ch,x等结尾加esbus-buses;wish-wishes;watchfwatches;box-boxes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加esladyfladies;century-centuries;family一families;storyfstories以f或fe结尾一般变f、fe为v,再加esleaffleaves;life-lives;halfhalves;knifefknives以o结尾。前为辅自自素时加es,o前为元音音素时加stomatoftomatoes;hero一heroes;potato-potat

14、oes;radiofradios;zoo-zoos;例外，photo-photos;pianofpianos复合名词将舟-个词变为复数toothbrushtoothbrushes;filmgoer-film-goers两部分都变复数mandoctorfmendoctors;womanteacherfwomenteachers特殊名词改变内部元音字母foot一feet;tooth一teeth;man-men;mousesmice词尾加renchild一children单复数同形ChinesefChinese;sheepsheep;deer-deer注意：（1）由man和woman构成的合成词，其

15、复数形式也是把man改成menu1German不是合成词，故其复数形式为直接加So（2）man和womaM乍定语时，其本身的单复数形式与被修饰词的单复数一致。如：amanteacherfmenteachers（男老师）awomancookfwomencooks（女厨师）三、常见不可数名词归纳及用法1 .常见的不可数名词物质名词食物bread面包meat肉cheese奶酪液体milk牛奶water水wine酒oil油自然物体soil土壤sand沙子wood木头抽象名词情感joy局兴friendship友情peace和平学科math数学geography地理physics物理chemistry化学

16、概念population人口knowledge知识2 .不可数名词量化的表示不可数名词的多少可用以下词组来表示：ablockof一块abottleof一瓶agroupof群apairof组，双，对apieceof一片（张，块）apileof一堆短语apairP（piece）of+复数名词作主语时，中心词是pair（piece）（pieces）,故谓语动词用单数；若短语是twopairs（pieces）of+复数名词作主语，则中心词是twopairs（pieces）,谓语动词用复数。3 .可数与不可数易混归纳exercise（锻炼）someexercises（练习，训练）work（工作）一wor

17、ks（著作）glass（玻璃）一aglass（玻璃杯）paper（纸）一apaper（报纸，证件，试卷）wood（木头，木材）一awood（小树林）room（空间）faroom（房间）life（生活）sevenlives（七条生命）【考点抢测】一、单项选择（A）1.（2016石家庄43中模拟）ItistocyclearoundGuilin.A.greatfunB.afunC.agreatfunD.agreatfunny（B）2.Totellyouthe,notonlyyoubutalsohehasgivenawayallthepocketmoneytoProjectHope.A.wishB.t

18、ruthC.secretD.advice（A）3.（2016邯郸一模）Yesterdayweweresurprisedatsuchgood.A.newsB.ideaC.suggestionD.answer（D）4.（2016石家庄18县市大联考）Thebusissocrowdedthatwecantfindany._foranymorepeople.A.placeB.roomsC.areaD.room（A）5.（2016路南区二模）Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmanyinit.A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water二、连词成句6.

19、（2016石家庄9年级质检二）like,you,reading,do,bookDoyoulikereadingbooks?7. （2016路南区升学质检一）much,potato,are,how,theseHowmucharethesepotatoes?8. （2016河北中考一模）red,are,box,where,thoseWherearethoseredboxes?9. （2016海港区升学一模）you,book,why,more,dont,readWhydontyoureadmorebooks_?10. （2016路南区9年级二模）box,knife,there,two,in,are,

20、theTherearetwoknivesinthebox考点名词所有格【满分点拨】一、含有and的所有格1 .用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示两人共同拥有某物，这时只在最后一个名词后加s,用AandBs表示。如：Mrs.KingisLucyandLilysmother.金女士是露西和莉莉的母亲。2 .用and连接两个并列名词，表示分别拥有各自的物品时，两个名词都在词尾加s,用AsandBs表示。如：ThereareTomsandMarysbags.这些是汤姆和玛丽的包。二、双重所有格两种形式：1. of+名词所有格。如：Heisafriendofmybrothers.他是我哥哥的一个朋友。2

21、. of+名词性物主代词。如：Issheadaughterofyours?她是你的一个女儿吗？【考点抢测】一、单项选择（B）1.Howfarisyourhomefromschool?Itsabouttwowalk.A.hoursB.hoursC.hoursD.hour（A）2.（2015石家庄41中模拟）Ontheweekend,issocrowdedthatIcannotfindmyfriend.A. thecenterofthecityB. cityscenterC. citysandcentersD. citiesscenter（B）3.（2015石家庄28中模拟）Maryis,sopl

22、easetreatherasyours.A.afriendofmeB.afriendofmineC.afriendofyouD.afriendofyours二、连词成句4. （2016邯郸升学二模）Linda,my,name,friend,is_Myfriendsnameis_Linda_.三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。5. 一Whenis_Childrens_（child）Day?ItsonJune1st,Dave.（A）1.（2016黑龙江中考改编）TheBeltandRoadInitiative（一带一路倡议）willhelpChinaimprovewiththoserelatedcou

23、ntries,especiallyPakistan.A.relationshipB.agreementC.environmentD.development（D）2.（2016连云港中考）Itsusefulforthedeafpeopletolearnsignlanguage.Yes,itsamajorwayofforthem.A. suggestionB.vacationC.productionD.communication（D）3.（2016咸宁中考）TuYouyoureceivedtheNobelPrizeforherofanemisinin（青蒿素）.AndshewasthefirstC

24、hinesewhowontheprizeinscience.A.designB.thoughtC.inventionD.discovery（C）4.（2016咸宁中考）一Michael,howmuchdoyouknowabout?-PeopleusuallyeatricedumplingstorememberQuYuan.A.theMidAutumnFestivalB. theSpringFestivalC. theDragonBoatFestivalD. theLanternFestival（C）5.（2016盐城中考）Lifeislikeridingabicycle.Tokeepyour,

25、youmustkeepmoving.A.promiseB.positionC.balanceD.ability（C）6.（2016永州中考）Ithinkeatingisgoodforhealth.A.tomatosB.bananaesC.eggsD.milk（A）7.（2016西宁中考）Asmartphonemakesabigtoourlife.A.differenceB.decisionC.progressD.prediction（A）8.（2016泰州中考）WhatwillyougetafterwinningthecompetitionintheprogramStaytotheend（一站到底）?AfreetriptoBaliIsland.A.awardB.attentionC.adviceD.ability（A）9.（20