新新编国际贸易英语教程chapter

1、New International Trade English新编国际贸易英语教程 Objectives NEW TERMS Vignette 1.1 International Trade 1.2 Basic Concepts of International Trade 1.3 Economic Globalization Learning objectives To learn the definition of international trade To understand the basic concepts in international trade To know the

2、link between economic globalization and international trade Brainstorming: Work with your group and think out as many words, phrases or expressions as possible about business ( trade). 资本密集型土地密集型劳动密集型以物易物双边贸易多边贸易专业化贸易保护主义劳动分工比较优势大规模生产国际贸易国内生产总值限额补贴贸易壁垒贸易保护主义政策财务状况外币汇率进口出口有形产品贸易无形产品贸易国际贸易标准分类知识产权服务贸易

3、总协定与贸易相关的知识产权协定版权商标专利商业机密工业设计直接贸易间接贸易过境贸易过境税转口贸易贸易顺差贸易逆差关税非关税型贸易壁垒保税仓库自由贸易区全球化经济全球化经济一体化生产要素多国公司跨国公司北美自由贸易协定对外直接投资经济集团关境经济发展 New words and expressions: 1 Vignette: a decorative design or small illustration used on the title page of a book or at the beginning or end of a chapter.文字简短优美的)简介; 小品文 2 cap

4、ital-intensive products 资本密集型产品 3 land-intensive products土地密集型产品 4 labor-intensive commodities劳力密集的产品 5 finished products成品 6 cutting-edge technology尖端技术 Questions: 1 Why do modern countries trade with one another? The appearance of international trade arises for many reasons 1) The different distri

5、bution of the worlds resources determines the patterns of world trade. 2) Climate and terrain(地域; 地带 ) affect the cultivation of some agricultural products a nation can produce and trade internationally. 3) The skilled workers and capital resources help determine what a nation is able to produce and

6、 trade with other nations. 4) With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another motivation, economic benefit, for nations to trade. Questions: 2 Illustrate what are capital-intensive products, land-intensive products, labor-intensive commodities and list the examples of count

7、ries of each type Terms: Trade vs. barter Terms: 2 International trade vs. Domestic trade: International trade, also called foreign trade, world trade or overseas trade, in essence, is the fair and deliberate exchange of commodity and service across national boundaries. It includes import and export

8、 trade operations. The forms of international trade can be listed as followings: Exporting, importing, trading companies, licensing, contract manufacturing, joint ventures and direct investment. Questions: 3 List the differences between international trade and domestic trade Terms: Trade barrier que

9、stions: Why did the international trade flourish within roman empire? 1 merchants were able to travel safely and trade with one another. 2 the use of common coinage(货币) enabled business transactions to be carried out easily. 3 Roman developed a systematic law, central market locations through the fo

10、unding of cites (1500-World War I western European countries including Britain World war II United States ) 1 Political environment different international trade policies Political stability 2 Economic environment New words and expressions: Tariff关税 Excise海关 price fluctuation 价格波动 Question: Explain

11、how tariff, non-tariff barrier and foreign currency influence international trade. 3 cultural environment How does the cultural environment influence international trade? 4 physical environment Natural physical features, human-made structures 1.2.1 international trade classification 1 import vs. exp

12、ort I For most nations exports and imports are the most important international activities. Each country has to import the articles and commodities it does not itself produce, and it has to earn foreign exchanges to pay for them. It does this by exporting its own manufactured articles and surplus(过剩

13、, 剩余)raw materials. Thus the import and export trades are two sides of the same coin, and both can have beneficial effects on the home market. 1.2.1 international trade classification 1 import vs. export The factors mean that importing and exporting are subject to a lot of formalities, such as custo

14、ms entry and exchange control approval, from which the home retail(零售)and wholesale trades are free. They also mean that the procedure of foreign trade is much more complicated than that of domestic trade, the latter involves specialized knowledge and highly trained personnel. 1.2.1 international tr

15、ade classification 1 import vs. export When a company starts to export or sell goods in a new market, they often do some market researches or a preliminary study to see if the project is feasible. They investigate the potential market or do a feasibility study to see if they will make money by selli

16、ng in the new market. This stage usually includes market research, marketing and promotion and investigation of credit-worthiness of customers. Specialties involved in export and import transaction1) shipping agents will take responsibility for the documentation and arrange for the goods to be shipp

17、ed by air, sea, rail or road.2) airlines, shipping lines, railway companies or haulage(拖运费拖运费;运输运输; 输送输送)contractors will actually transport the goods. Specialties involved in export and import transaction 3) both the importers and exporters banks will be involved in arranging payments.4) an insuran

18、ce company insures goods in transit.5) a lawyer if a special contract has to be drawn3. Documents needed in export and import transaction Bill of lading(装载货物装载货物) (提单提单)commercial invoice(发票发票, 发货单发货单,货单托运物品货单托运物品) proforma invoice(形式发票形式发票, 估价发票估价发票) consular(领事的；领事的； 执政执政官的官的) invoice, packing lis

19、t, weight memo, certificate of inspection, certificate of origin, insurance policy, sales contract, sales 1.2.1 international trade classification 2 tangible trade vs. intangible trade1) explain what is tangible trade and what is intangible trade tangible trade-visible trade intangible trade-invisib

20、le trade2) According to SITC (Standard International Trade Classification 国际贸易标准分类) , the international trade commodities could be classified into 10 categories. List the 10 categories.3) List the 4 categories of services defined by GATS.4) Define Intellectual Property Rights 3 Direct trade vs. indi

21、rect trade Explain what is direct trade and what is indirect trade Try to understand following terms: transit country, transit duty and transit trade; entrepot trade Try to understand the Important terms about international trade1 favorable balance of trade (贸易顺差)and unfavorable balance of trade(贸易逆

22、差)2 general trade system (一般贸易体系)vs. special trade system(专门贸易体系)3 value of international trade (国际贸易值)vs. quantum of international trade(国际贸易量)4 the commodity composition of international trade(国际贸易商品结构)5 the geographical composition of international trade(国际贸易地理构成)6 the degree of dependence on for

23、eign trade(对外贸易依存度)1.3.1 What is economic globalizationQuestions:1 Explain what is economic globalization.2 Explain the two main components of economic globalization: globalization of markets and the globalization of production3 Explains the phases of globalization4 Explain the PEST Factors of econo

24、mic globalization5 What are the two macro factors underlie the trend toward globalization?1.6 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of economic globalization.1.3.2 International Trade and economic Globalization Explain the relation between international trade and economic globalization.1 In a global economy, no nation is self-sufficient. 1.3.2 International Trade and economic Globalization Explain the relation between international trade and economic globalization.2 Without international trade, few nations could maintain an adeq