S3c2440触摸屏毕设外文翻译

1、.学 号：200712040116HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY毕业设计翻译（汉译英）原文：基于ARM9的TFT触摸屏显示模块设计随着信息技术的飞速发展，人们对电子产品的智能化，便捷化，人性化要求也不断地提高，触摸屏作为一种人性化得输入输出设备，在我国的应用范围非常的广阔，是依附有吸引力的多媒体交互设备。目前，触摸屏的要求动力主要来自于消费电子产品，如手机，PDA，便携式导航设备，MP4，数码相机，平板电脑等。随着触摸屏的技术不断地发展，他在其他电子产品种的应用也会得到不断地延伸的。嵌入式触摸屏装置是人机交互的设备，一般触摸屏安装在液晶显示频上面，利用微处理器对触摸屏和液晶显示

2、屏进行控制，实现触摸屏对液晶显示屏的可控制，方便，直观，取代了传统的键盘输入和鼠标的操作，它与鼠标这类的点对定位系统的本质区别是一次到位的直观性。TFT技术是二十世纪九十年代发展起来的，采用新材料和新工艺的大规模半导体全集成电路制造技术，是液晶（LC）、无机和有机薄膜电致发光（EL和OEL）平板显示器的基础。TFT是在玻璃或塑料基板等非单晶片上（当然也可以在晶片上）通过溅射、化学沉积工艺形成制造电路必需的各种膜，通过对膜的加工制作大规模半导体集成电路（LSIC）。采用非单晶基板可以大幅度地降低成本，是传统大规模集成电路向大面积、多功能、低成本方向的延伸。在大面积玻璃或塑料基板上制造控制像元（L

3、C或OLED）开关性能的TFT比在硅片上制造大规模IC的技术难度更大。对生产环境的要求（净化度为100级），对原材料纯度的要求（电子特气的纯度为99.999985），对生产设备和生产技术的要求都超过半导体大规模集成，是现代大生产的顶尖技术。其主要特点有：（1）大面积（2）高集成度（3）功能强大（4）低成本（5）工艺灵活（6）应用领域广泛TFT-LCD的显示屏的工作原理：TFT-LCD将点阵像素分割成红、绿、蓝三个子像素，并在其对应位置的器件内表面设置R、G、B 三个微型滤色膜，此时液晶显示器件只作为一个光阀，控制每个子像素光阀，就可以控制滤色膜透过光的通断；控制光阀的灰度等级就可以控制相应滤色

4、膜透过光的多少；利用R、G、B这三个子像素透过的不同光量，便可以混合加色实现极为丰富的彩色。如果R、G、B这三个子像素均可实现人眼对灰度分辨能力256级灰度驱动，就可以实现有256x256x256约1600万种彩色的“真彩色”。TFT-LCD的主要特点是在每个像素配置一个半导体开关器件，由于每个像素都可以通过点脉冲直接控制，使得每个节点相对独立，并可以连续控制。TFT-LCD具有屏幕反应速度快，对比度和亮度都教高，屏幕可视角度大，色彩丰富、分辨率高等特点，是目前最好的LCD彩色显示设备之一。TFT-LCD的触屏的工作原理：当手指触摸屏幕是，两层的电层就再触摸点位置就有了接触，控制器侦测到这一接

5、触点，并计算出（X，Y）的位置，在根据模拟鼠标的方式运作。TFT-LCD的主要优点随着九十年代初TFT技术的成熟，彩色液晶平板显示器迅速发展，不到10年的时间，TFT-LCD迅速成长为主流显示器，这与它具有的优点是分不开的。主要特点是： （1）使用特性好低压应用，低驱动电压，固体化使用安全性和可靠性提高；平板化，又轻薄，节省了大量原材料和使用空间；低功耗，它的功耗约为CRT显示器的十分之一，反射式TFT-LCD甚至只有CRT的百分之一左右，节省了大量的能源；TFT-LCD产品还有规格型号、尺寸系列化，品种多样，使用方便灵活、维修、更新、升级容易，使用寿命长等许多特点。显示范围覆盖了从1英寸至4

6、0英寸范围内的所有显示器的应用范围以及投影大平面，是全尺寸显示终端；显示质量从最简单的单色字符图形到高分辨率，高彩色保真度，高亮度，高对比度，高响应速度的各种规格型号的视频显示器；显示方式有直视型，投影型，透视式，也有反射式。 （2）环保特性好无辐射、无闪烁，对使用者的健康无损害。特别是TFT-LCD电子书刊的出现，将把人类带入无纸办公、无纸印刷时代，引发人类学习、传播和记栽文明方式的革命。 （3）适用范围宽从-20到+50的温度范围内都可以正常使用，经过温度加固处理的TFT-LCD低温工作温度可达到零下80。既可作为移动终端显示，台式终端显示，又可以作大屏幕投影电视，是性能优良的全尺寸视频显

7、示终端。 （4）制造技术的自动化程度高大规模工业化生产特性好。TFT-LCD产业技术成熟，大规模生产的成品率达到90%以上。 （5）TFT-LCD易于集成化和更新换代是大规模半导体集成电路技术和光源技术的完美结合，继续发展潜力很大。目前有非晶、多晶和单晶硅TFT-LCD，将来会有其它材料的TFT，既有玻璃基板的又有塑料基板。本设计实现了以S3C2440处理器为硬件，为可移植的嵌入式linux系统编写TFT-LCD屏系统驱动技术。该驱动基于linux系统帧缓冲技术，既实现驱动底层S3C2440的LCD控制器又为上层应用程序提供系统调用的接口API。在将编写好的驱动程序编写的内核中，将编译好的内核

8、烧写到开发板上。建立LINUX系统的开发环境，编写个测试程序，进行交叉编译后移入开发板中运行，检测驱动程序。译文：the module design of TFT touch screen display based on ARM9With the rapid development of information technology, people have more and more demand on the intelligence, convenience, humanity of electronic products. Touch screen, as a humanized i

9、nput and output device, is a kind of attractive multimedia interactive device, which is widely used in our country.At present, the requested power of touch screen is mainly from consumer electronic products such as mobile phone, PDA, portable navigation devices, MP4, digital camera and tablet comput

10、er and so on.Embedded touch screen device is man-machine interactive devices, generally the touch screens installed above the LCD, in which using the microprocessor to control the LCD with touch-screen, and also realize the controllability to the LCD, which is convenient and intuitive, it replaced t

11、he traditional operation by keyboard and mouse. In addition, the essential difference between the embedded touch screen device and mouse, a kind of point to positioning system, is that it has the character of intuitive once in place.TFT technology, developed during the 1990s, is a kind of large-scal

12、e semiconductor manufacturing technology that employs new materials and new technology, which is the foundation of LC, inorganic and the organic thin-film electroluminescent flat-panel display. TFT is applying on single chip,such as a glass or plastic substrate, through applying the sputtering, chem

13、ical deposition technology to shaping various membrane which is necessary for reproducing manufacturing circuit, and also through the processing of membrane to manufacture mass semiconductor integrated circuit.Single crystal substrate can lower greatly the cost, and it is the outspread of the tradit

14、ional large scale integrated circuit to large area, multi-function, low cost. It is more difficult to manufacture TFT that control LC or OLED switch performance on large glass or plastic substrates than manufacture large-scale IC technology on silicon. Single crystal substrate is the top technology

15、of modern production, its requirements for production environment( purification degrees is 100 levels), for purity of raw materials(purity of electronic special gas is 99.999985%), and for production equipment and production technology are more strict than semiconductor large-scale integrated. Its m

16、ain characteristics are：（1）large area（2）High level of integration（3）Powerful（4）Lowcost（5）Process flexible（6）Extensive applying fieldTft-lcd screen principle of work:Tft-lcd will bitmap pixel divided into red, green and blue three sub-pixel, and in its corresponding position within the device set R,

17、G, surface of three miniature filter color film B, when LCD display device only as a light valve, control each sub-pixel light valve, filter can be used to control the color film; hige through light Control of gray level light valve to control the corresponding filter through light color film how mu

18、ch; Using R, G, B this three sub-pixel through different amount of light, can add color realize mixed color. Extremely rich If R, G, B this three sub-pixel all can realize to gray eye distinguishing ability 256 level gray drive, can realize 256x256x256 about 16 million color "true color".

19、The main characteristic of tft-lcd in each pixel is configuring a semiconductor switching devices, since each pixel can directly control through the point pulse, make each node is a relatively independent, and can continuous control. Tft-lcd screen reaction speed, with high brightness and contrast i

20、s taught, screen visible Angle is big, color is rich, the resolution higher characteristic, is the best one of the LCD color display equipment.Tft-lcd touch screen of the working principle:When a finger touch screen is the electrical layer, two layer again touch point had contact, controller to dete

21、ct the contact point, and compute (X, Y) position, according to simulate the way in mouse operation.the principal advantage of TFT-LCD:As in the early 1990s, TFT technology has gradually become mature, color LCD flat-panel display is in rapid development, TFT-LCD rapidly growth and become the mainst

22、ream display in less than 10 years, and this is impartible for its advantage. Its main characteristic: (1)excelent operating characteristicLow voltage application, low driving voltage, reliability and safety of the use of solidification has been enhanced; Flat optimization, and frivolous, which save

23、s abundant raw materials and used space; Low power consumption, its power consumption is only about one-tenth of the CRT monitor, and the reflecting TFT-LCD is even only about one percent of the CRT, which saves a huge amount of energy; TFT-LCD products have their own specifications and size seriati

24、on, which is numerous in variety and convenient in use, and also easy to maintenance. update as well as upgrade, what's more, long working life and many other features. Its display range covers all the display that ranges from 1 inch to 40 inch and projection large plane, which is full-size disp

25、lay terminal; Its display quality ranges from the most simple monochromatic character graphics to various specifications and types of video monitorshigh resolution with high color fidelity, high brightness, high contrast and high response speed; Display modes are direct type, projection type, perspe

26、ctive type, and also reflection-type.(2)favourable environmental features It is radiationless and free of flashing, and is no harm to the user's health. Especially as the emergence of TFT-LCD electronic books, human beings will come into an era that with paperless office and no paper printing, a

27、nd it will also cause human to learning, disseminating and recording the civilization way(3)Wide application scopeIt can be used normally in the temperature ranging from 20below zero to 50 , and TFT-LCD, that had been reinforced by temperature, its low-temperature working temperature can achieve 80

28、below zero. TFT-LCD can be either as mobile terminal display, or desktop terminal display, or can be big screen TV, is a full size video display terminal with fine performance.(4)High degree of automation of manufacturing technology. Large-scale industrialization has the feature of good poducing characteristic. TFT-LCD industry is now technologically mature, and mass production yield up to 90%.（5） TFT-LCD easy integration and renewalTFT-LC