湖北省武汉市人教版八年级下册英语期末备考讲义专项训练;短语解析一般将来时写作训练

1、学员编号： 年 级：初二 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课类型T(短语辨析)C （to do用法专题）T （一般将来时与写作）授课日期及时段教学内容1、 引入(3分钟） 二、同步知识梳理（15分钟）知识点1：高频动词短语辨析come，give，take，try, make it知识点2：感叹句知识点3：祈使句知识点1：高频动词短语辨析Come + 短语acome along一道来； come out出来，出版； come down倒塌，降下来；come across偶然遇到； come over过来； come to an end结束；come to oneself苏醒

2、过来； come up长出，发芽；走近 come into use开始使用；come round绕道而来； come at扑向； come on（表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等）快！come true实现 come up with找到，解决，想到 come by Give + 短语give in: 1. 屈服，让步    He would rather die than give in.   他宁死不屈。   2.交；递交，   &

3、#160;"Please give in your essays now", said the teacher.   老师说：“现在请你们把作文交上来。”   give up 1.递上去，传上去    He gave the books up to her.   他把书往上递给她。    2.放弃，认输

4、60;   He has given up smoking.   他戒烟了。     give out 1.分发，散发  Please help me give out these test papers.   请帮我分发这些试卷。   2.用完，耗尽    The coal began to

5、60;give out.   煤快用光了。   give off 发出，放出    The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.   这种气体散发出一种不好闻的味道。   Take + 短语take after（外貌）相像 take apart 拆卸，拆开 take away 减去take down 写下，记下 take for 把.误认为 take in欺骗；吸收，吸纳tak

6、e off 起飞；匆匆离开；脱下 take on 承担；呈现；开始雇佣 take over 接收，接管take to 喜欢，开始从事 take pictures照相 take care of 照顾，照料take up 开始从事，着手处理 take it easy 别紧张Try + 短语try on 试穿 (衣服、鞋等)；试戴(帽子等) try out 试验；尝试try ones best to do尽力去做try to do 是指“尽力做某事” try doing 是指“试着做某事”make it 用法总结1.表示事业获得成功You will make it if you try. 你会成功的

7、，如果你努力的话。2.表示某人做成某事I cant make it on Friday. Its very short notice. 星期五我办不好，时间太短了。3.表示设法做到某事Ive been having violin lessons every two weeks, but I think Ill make it every week from now on. 我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课，但是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。4.表示及时赶上火车等The train wont leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make

8、 it. 离开车还有10分钟，我想我们能赶得上5.表示约定时间Lets make it at 8:30. Is that all right for you? 我们约定在8点半吧，这对你合适吗?6.表示病情好转He had a high fever, but it doesnt mean he couldnt make it. 他发高烧，但这并不意味着他挺不过去。7.注意，以下make it结构中的it为形式宾语：I have to make it clear that my family is poor. 我得说清楚我家里很穷。I make it a rule to write in my

9、diary every night. 我把每晚写日记当成一种习惯。He made it a rule to take part in physical labour. 他规定自己应参加体力劳动。“Where is my tea?” “Im just going to make it.”“我的茶呢?”“我这就沏。”知识点2：感叹句1.What引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。句型为：What(a / an)形容词名词（主语谓语）！ 例如：1)What a cold day (it is)! 今天天气真冷啊！2)What delicious food (it is) !多好吃的食物啊！注：What结构中

10、的名词若为单数可数名词，要用不定冠词a/an，而不用the；如句1):若为复数或不可数名词（常见不可数名词：work, weather, fun, food等），则不用冠词，2)；2. How引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。句型为：How形容词副词（主语谓语）！例如：1)How cold （it is ）today! 今天天气真冷啊！2)How happy （the children are）! 孩子们真愉快啊！3)How hard （the student works）! 这个学生学习多努力啊！4)How well （Mr Zhao teaches ）！赵先生教得多好啊！5)How ha

11、ppily (the boys are playing)！那些男孩们玩得多开心啊！注：how 结构中主语如果是名词，常常前面要用定冠词the(比较第2和3两句)； 1）2）两句是感叹形容词，3）4）5）是感叹副词。知识点3：祈使句1. 大哥V档案 V(代表行为动词原形)+宾语+其它成分表演 Close the window. 关上窗户。 Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃点鱼吧。2. 二哥B档案 Be+表语(名词/形容词等)+其它成分表演Be a good student!做个好学生！ Be quiet!安静！3. 三哥L档案 Let+宾语(通常为第一或第三人称宾格

12、)+动词原形+其它成分表演 Lets go home!咱们回家吧！ Let her in. 让她进来。4. 四哥D档案 Dont+动词原形+其它成分表演 Dont be late. 不要迟到。 Dont read in the sun.别在阳光下看书。5. 五哥P档案 Please+动词短语(please也可放在句尾，其前加逗号)表演Please sit down.=Sit down, please.请坐。6. 六弟N档案 No+名词或动名词(是日常生活中常见的警示语)表演 No photos!禁止拍照！ No smoking！禁止吸烟!祈使句，无主语，只用谓语就可以。表示请求或命令，加上pl

13、ease表客气。Stand up, please！ 请起立！Come here. 来这里。如果变成否定句，Dont开头是规律。No fishing！是警示语，祈使句用法要牢记。7. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。 例如：Do shut up! 快住口！ 8. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will或wont。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1) 形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即Yes是 “不”的意思；No是 “是”的意思)。 在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所

14、提供的条件。如：- Dont go out, please. Its raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 - Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。9. 祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late

15、again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？二、同步题型分析（10分钟）题型1：短语辨析例1： A new book on how to lose weight is _soon. Really? I cant wait to read it.A. giving outB. coming out C. working outD. selling out例2： Bill doesnt like the sunglasses in the ad because they cant _the sun well.A. take out B. keep out C. clean out D.

16、look out例3： If you see any litter on the school playground, youd better_.A. give it awayB. pick it up C. turn it offD. put it on测试题1. It was a difficult time, but we never _ hope. A. put up B. gave up C. picked up D. used up测试题2. The us writer introduced us his new book that will _ next mothA. give

17、out B. come out C. put out测试题3. Karin found some waste paper on the floorShe it and threw into the future.A. put; up B. picked up C. turned; up D. looked up 题型2：感叹句例1. _ fine the weather is ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a 例2. _ exciting film we saw yesterday ! A. What a B. How a C. How an D. Wha

18、t an例3. _ great fun they had ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a测试题1. _ heavy rain it was ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a测试题2. _ fun place to go Shanghai is ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a测试题3. _ happy life the old live ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a题型3：祈使句例1. The TV is too loud. Please

19、_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it例2. _ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not例3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't测试题1. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B

20、. will you C. shall I D. shall we测试题2. Don't make so much noise, _? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you测试题3. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood总结：1. 熟记短语意思和用法，根据句意选择2. 背诵感叹句句型，套用，注意名词前是否要使用冠词3. 掌握祈使句口诀，特别注意反义疑问句三课堂达标检测（10分钟）1. Peter, wh

21、at if your parents go out? They ask me to _ myself. A. look after B. look up C. look for D. look through2. Mike his computer and checked his e-mail.A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down3. It is a good habit to _ all your things in correct places.A. put away B. put upC. put out D. pu

22、t off4. Can you tell me the English meaning of the word? -Why dont you _in the dictionary?A. look it up B. ring it up C. pick it up5. The bus is coming. Be careful when you _the bus.A. get onB. get offC. get upD. get to6. Hi, Jack. Would you please _ the picture on the wall?A. pick upB. look upC. ge

23、t upD. put up7. Dont _the light, I _ a report.A. turned off; have read B. turn off; am readingC. turned on; have read D. turned on; am reading8. I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.A. give up itB. give it up C. give away it D. give it away9. I've kept the dog _Maomao

24、 for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Don't you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 11. _ nice fish they cooked ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a12. _ blue the sky is! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a13. _ dangerous the animals ar

25、e ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a14._ good time we are having ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a15. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing16. _ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell17. Don't forget to turn off the

26、lights, please. （改为反意疑问句） Don't forget to turn off the lights, _ _?18. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）_ _, or you'll die.19. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _?20. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Let's watch the sports games, _ _?四总结。(2分钟）

27、一知识点（10分钟）考点分析：to do 的用法1.后接 to do 的动词：谓语动词(vt.)+不定式(作宾语)说 明want(想) / try(试图) / decide(决定) / would like(想要) / hope(希望) / love(喜爱) / learn(学会) / afford(提供) / agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / mean(意味着) / prefer(宁愿) / wish(希望) + to (do)(无)help(帮助)to可以省略begin(开始)/ start(开始)/hate(憎恨) 也可跟动名词,意义变化不大forget(忘记) / r

28、emember(记得)/ like(总爱) 也可跟动名词,意义变化较大2.动词+疑问词+to do： 谓语动词(vt.)+wh-疑问词+不定式 (作宾语)说明tell (告诉) / show (显示) / know (知道) / ask (问) / find out (发现) / understand (明白) / wonder(疑惑) / learn(学会) / forget(忘记) / remember(记得) / teach sb.(教某人) / discuss(商讨)what where+ how + to (do)whowhich不定式疑问形式还可以作句子的主语、表语等。 3.动词+

29、sb/sth+to do：谓 语 动 词(vt.)+ 宾语 (人 / 物)+不定式 (作宾语补足语)ask(请) / tell(关照) / teach(教) / want(想要) / would like(想要) / get(让) / invite(邀请) / like(喜欢) / warn(警告) / help(帮) /+sb. / sth.+to (do)make(使得) / let(让) / hear(听) / see(看) / feel(感觉) / watch(观看)/ have(使得) / help(帮助) +sb. / sth.+ (do)4. it is +.+to do用法：I

30、tbe名词to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work? Itbe形容词for sbto do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour. Itbe形容词of sbto do “It is stupid of you to write down everything

31、”， the teacher says. It seems(appears)形容词to do It seemed impossible to save money. 二、专题精讲 ：细节题解题技巧（15分钟）例1.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.例2. It's very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for，of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to例3. The panda i

32、s so fat that it can't go through the hole.（改为意思相同的句子）The hole _ _ _ _ such a fat panda to go through. 例4. “What are you going to do this weekend?” “Id like my parents.” A. to visit    B. visit      C. visiting测试题1. The ice on the lake was so thin that peo

33、ple couldn't skate on it. （改为意思相同的句子）The ice on the lake wasn't _ enough _ people _ _ _.2. Whats your plan for the summer holidays? Ive no idea, but Ive decided at home.A. stay     B. to stay C. stayed   D. staying3. Last week our geography teacher told us more

34、information about how to protect the environment. A. get      B. got C. to get   D. getting4. Our headmaster asked us a report on how to protect wild animals. A. write     B. writing C. to write  D. wrote5. How do you feel when you watch th

35、e national flag go up?It makes me very proud.A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel6. It took her half an hour the Water Park by bus last Sunday. A. gets to    B. get to C. to get to  D. getting to7. Its dangerous for you that tall tree.A. climb     B. to climb

36、 C. climbing  D. climbed8. My brother is ill in hospital.Im sorry that. A. hear     B. hearing C. heard    D. to hear9. more information about the trip, you can go to .A. Find      B. Finding C. To find   D. Found10. Some chi

37、ldren are arguing about what TV programs . A. watching   B. for watching C. to watch   D. will watch11. Martin Murray is a fifteen-year-old boy. He used _ a “problem child”, but luckily, his mother was very patient, and didnt give up _ him.A. to be; try to help   &

38、#160;  B. being; trying helping C. to be; trying to help    D. being; try helping12. Ali said that she wouldnt mind _alone at home.A. left B. being left  C. to be left   D. leaving13. If you keep _ English, you can learn English well.   A.

39、practising speak     B. practising speakingC. practising to speak    D. to practise spoken14. She enjoys _ light music.A. to hear   B. hearing  C. listening to   D. to listen to15. He finished his homework, then he

40、went on _ a letter.   A. write   B. writing   C. with   D. to write总结：解题技巧（1） 熟练记忆与接to do 的动词（2） 根据搭配，直接选择三、专题过关（10分钟）1. Its wrong _ not _ her a letter.A. of you; to write           B. for you; w

41、riting C. of you; writing           D. for you; write2. Im sorry, I _ my exercise book at home.Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow, please.A. forget; to take            B. left; to bring C. forge

42、t; to bring            D. left; to take3. Before you go abroad, you need _ about table manners in that country.  A. knew   B. known   C. to know   D. knowing4. I need some paper _.A. to write  &#

43、160; B. to write on C. to write in             D. writing5. I have no pens _. Could you please lend me one?Sure. Here you are.    A. to write             &

44、#160; B. to write down C. to write with           D. to write in6.Do you think our football team will win the match?  Yes, we have better players. So I _ them to win. A. hope     B. ask     C. help

45、60;    D. expect7. I am allowed _ until 12:00 on the evening of the Spring Festival.   A. stay up                B. to stay up C. staying up         &

46、#160;   D. to staying up8. the“No Car Day”campaign（活动）asks Beijing drivers _their cars at home one day each month.A. leave               B. leaving C. to leave          &

47、#160;  D. to be left9. Do you like sports?    Sure. Im looking forward to _ the 29th Olympic Gamesn Beijing on TV.A. watch B. watching C. watch        D. watching10. Good manners usually help people to _ each other. A. get on well with 

48、0;     B. get started C. be friendly            D. get together11.They prefer _ TV to _ newspapers.A. watching; reading        B. watching; to read C. to watch; read    &

49、#160;   D. to watch; reading12. Oh, terrible! I forgot _ the window. Its windy.    Really? Lets go back home quickly.A. closing   B. to close   C. closed   D. close13. Shopping with me?Sorry, I have a lot of clothes _.A. to wash   

50、;          B. washed C. wash               D. to be washed14. On her way home Lucy saw a thief _ in a shop. She stopped _ 110 at once.A. steal; call      &

51、#160;     B. to steal; call C. stealing; to call        D. stealing; calling15. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and I toldJack _ here.A. not to swim           B. to not swim C. swi

52、m not to           D. to swim not4 方法总结（5分钟）一、 能力培养知识点1: be going to 的用法知识点2: will的用法1用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。We are having fish for dinner.We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomo

53、rrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here?另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹

54、象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 Its going to rain.George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will/ shall do表示将来：一是表示预见You will feel better after taking this medicine.Do you think it will rain?二是表示意图.I will not lend the book to you.Take it easy，I will not do it any longer. 基本结构：She will come to h

55、ave class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?肯定形式：am/is/are going to + do；will/shall + do. 否定形式：am/is/are going not to + do；will/shall not + do. 4. There be句型的一般将来时：There is going to be a beautiful garden in our school.Ther

56、e is going to have a beautiful garden in our school.（错）2、 能力点评综合题11. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.         A. will be going to    B. will going to be C. is going to be    D. will go to be2. Charlie _ here next month. 

57、        A. isnt working    B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working    D. wont work3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.         A. will be; is    B. is; is  

58、60;   C. will be; will be    D. is; will be4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.         A. was    B. is going to have C. will have    D. is going to be5. _ you _ free tomorrow?  

59、;  No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.     A. Are; going to; will    B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be    D. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.      &

60、#160;  A. will gives    B. will give       C. gives    D. give7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?    _. （不，不要。）         A. No, you wont    B. No, you arent. C. No, pleas

61、e dont    D. No, please.8. Where is the morning paper?    I _ if for you at once.         A. get    B. am getting        C. to get    D. will get9. _ a concert next

62、Saturday?         A. There will be    B. Will there be C. There can be    D. There are10. If they come, we _ a meeting.         A. have    B. will have C. had     D. would have综合题2你的澳大利亚笔友来信说她在进行一个关于中国孩子的理想调查，请你以Linda的名义给她写一封回信，谈谈你和你的一些朋友及同学对未来的打算。思路：1.时态：一般将来时 2.人称：第一人称和第三人称。 3.构思：（1）问候对方 （2）自